stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
AP Psychology: Unit 2 Perception and Cognition Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
AP Psychology: Unit 2 Perception and Cognition
AP Psychology: Unit 2 Perception and Cognition
54 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
1,541 plays
Updated for Fall 2024
Flashcards
54 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
54
Answers
1
Which of the following describes the monocular cue of relative size?
closer objects appear faster; distant objects appear slower
blocking objects are closer; blocked objects are farther away
closer objects are more detailed; distant objects are less detailed
closer objects appear larger; distant objects appear smaller
2
Which of the following best describes stereotype threat?
generalizations about groups have led to poor performance on IQ tests
IQ scores have steadily increased over the past several decades
belief that intelligence is static from birth and cannot be changed
scores on tests tend to be the same even after someone retakes a test
3
Executive functioning is described by which of the following statements?
focusing on 1 stimulus at the exclusion of focusing on a different stimulus
the tendency to forget the middle items of a list of words
the ability to generate, organize, plan, & carry out goal-directed behavior
the inability to recall episodic events from early childhood
4
Which of the following best describes metacognition?
the tendency to remember the last items of a list
confusing your new boyfriend's name with your old boyfriend's name
recalling happy memories when in a happy mood
the process of thinking about how to solve a problem
5
Which of the following is the best example of the gambler's fallacy?
after having 4 girls, a woman thinks her 5th child has "got to be" a boy
after his team loses, a man claims he knew they would lose all along
a girl fails to see that she can roll up her jacket and use it as a pillow
when a young child hears the word "dog", he pictures a corgi in his mind
6
When old information blocks the recall of new, similar information.
proactive interference
retroactive interference
7
Which of the following best defines the concept of g?
the ability of the prefrontal cortex to make and carry out plans
new information blocking the recall of old, similar information
there in a single type of intelligence that underlies all other types
developmental trend that babies develop from the head down to the toes
8
Which of the following is an integral part of the binocular cue of convergence?
the position of the body in relation to the horizon
muscular tension created when the eyes move
the intensity of illumination in an environment
the distance between a person and a moving object
9
Recall is a type of remembering that involves the use of retrieval cues.
False
True
10
The difference between the viewing angle of each retinal image is used by the brain to assess depth in a process called
REM rebound
serial position effect
selective attention
retinal disparity
11
When exposure to one stimulus influences your perceptions of stimuli that follow.
interposition
inattentional blindness
synesthesia
priming
12
Phenomenon shown in the image.
serial position effect
overjustification effect
misinformation effect
placebo effect
13
When a test tests what it is supposed to, it is said to be
valid
reliable
14
The image below is most closely associated with which Gestalt organizing principle?
figure-ground
closure
similarity
proximity
15
Type of validity in which it is shown that an intelligence test accurately measures what we call intelligence.
predictive
test-retest
construct
split-half
16
When perceptions of stimuli are influenced by the space or the time in which they occur.
synesthesia
context effects
activation-synthesis
cocktail party effect
17
The process by which synaptic connections between neurons becomes stronger with frequent activation is called
long-term potentiation
hyperpolarization
reuptake
resting potential
18
Which of the following form the basis for all human thought?
algorithms
concepts
stereotypes
fallacies
19
Johnny takes the SAT three times and gets similar scores each time. This is because the SAT has been proven to be
reliable
valid
20
The data in this visual displays which of the following?
the primacy effect
the testing effect
the Flynn effect
the misinformation effect
21
The recall of implicit memories requires effortful processing.
True
False
22
Problem solving strategy in which one draws conclusions based on the first or most vivid example that comes to mind.
availability heuristic
representative heuristic
gambler's fallacy
trial and error
23
Which type of memory has the largest capacity and the longest duration?
sensory memory
short-term memory
long-term memory
none of the above
24
Which of the following describes the monocular cue of relative clarity?
blocking objects are closer; blocked objects are farther away
closer objects appear more in focus; distant objects appear blurry
closer objects are more detailed; distant objects are less detailed
closer objects appear larger; distant objects appear smaller
25
A type of retroactive interference when post-event information alters or changes one's memory of an event.
testing effect
misinformation effect
serial position effect
overjustification effect
26
Which of the following describes the monocular cue of texture gradient?
closer objects are more detailed; distant objects are less detailed
blocking objects are closer; blocked objects are farther away
closer objects appear faster; distant objects appear slower
closer objects appear larger; distant objects appear smaller
27
Using the same route to get to the baseball stadium because that route worked for you in the past is called
the availability heuristic
a mental set
sunk-cost fallacy
belief perseverance
28
Which of the following is not true of problem solving using an algorithm or a heuristic?
algorithms always guarantee solutions, whereas heuristics do not
the representative heuristic operates on the same premises as stereotypes
the availability heuristic operates on the same premises as prototypes
algorithms generally take less time to reach a conclusion than a heuristic
29
Massed practice is a more effective way to consolidate memories than distributed practice.
True
False
30
Which of the following describes the monocular cue of motion parallax?
closer objects are more detailed; distant objects are less detailed
closer objects appear larger; distant objects appear smaller
blocking objects are closer; blocked objects are farther away
closer objects appear faster; distant objects appear slower
31
Relying on internal prior expectations when perceiving an event is known as
bottom-up processing
top-down processing
32
You purchase tickets to a baseball game, but it rains on the day of the game. You decide to go to the game anyway.
representative heuristic
self-report bias
sunk-cost fallacy
perceptual set
33
Compared to maintenance rehearsal, elaborative rehearsal is more likely to lead to consolidation and encoding of memory.
True
False
34
The visuospatial sketchpad (a component of working memory) works most closely with which parts of the brain?
the amygdala and the hypothalamus
the occipital lobe and the fusiform gyrus
the medulla and the pons
Broca's and Wernicke's areas
35
Problem solving strategy in which one draws conclusions based on prior experiences or stereotypes.
representative heuristic
trial and error
gambler's fallacy
availability heuristic
36
Relying on external sensory information when perceiving an event is known as
top-down processing
bottom-up processing
37
Which of the following would be classified as an implicit memory?
the memory of the time you fell down the stairs
the memory of your mother's birth date
the memory of how to drive a car
the memory of the name of your 1st grade teacher
38
According to the levels of processing theory, which is best for effective [deep] encoding?
phonemic encoding
semantic encoding
self-reference encoding
structural encoding
39
The inability of the hippocampus to form new memories after trauma is which type of amnesia?
retrograde
anterograde
infantile
source
40
If you study for your test in the morning, you will better remember information if tested in the morning.
mood-congruent memory
the testing effect
context-dependent memory
state-dependent memory
41
Achievement tests are used to predict future performance.
True
False
42
Which type of explicit memory is one's remembrance of an event that happened to them?
episodic
implicit
semantic
procedural
43
Which of the following describes the monocular cue of interposition?
closer objects are more detailed; distant objects are less detailed
closer objects appear faster; distant objects appear slower
blocking objects are closer; blocked objects are farther away
closer objects appear larger; distant objects appear smaller
44
Monocular cue most strongly at work in the visual, allowing us to perceive increasing 2-D distance towards the horizon.
retinal disparity
motion parallax
linear perspective
convergence
45
Which of the following describes the influence of past experiences on current perceptions?
selective attention
bottom-up processing
schema
context effects
46
The image below is most closely associated with which Gestalt organizing principle?
figure-ground
proximity
closure
similarity
47
Understanding that an object remains the same even if viewing distance of the object changes.
shape constancy
size constancy
light constancy
color constancy
48
Mentally placing objects along a familiar route or sequence to improve recall is a mnemonic device known as
chunking
acronym
peg-word system
the method of loci
49
Monocular cue most strongly at work in the visual, allowing us to perceive the 2-D depth of each soccer ball.
convergence
relative size
retinal disparity
interposition
50
The tendency to adhere to mentions of one's own name in a noisy environment is known as
cocktail party effect
sound localization
misinformation effect
prosopagnosia
51
Believing that "nature" determines how smart we are would be indicative of which intelligence mindset?
fixed
growth
52
Which of the following is a characteristic of convergent thinking?
single solutions
"thinking outside the box"
posing answers to hypothetical questions
multiple solutions
53
Failure to notice that something about the environment is different due to inattention is known as
change blindness
blindsight
absolute threshold
conductive deafness
54
Which of the following describes the influence of expectations on current perceptions?
perceptual set
selective attention
bottom-up processing
context effects