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Fall Final Honors BIO Flashcards | StudBud
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Fall Final Honors BIO
Fall Final Honors BIO
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1
Which of the following terms means maintaining balance and organization within an environment, like the human body?
differentiation
positive feedback
homeostasis
tissue types
2
Healthy cells spend most of their time in what phase of the cell cycle?
G1
G2
S
Interphase
3
The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP is
phosphate synthase
glucose synthase
ADP synthase
ATP synthase
4
Which of the following is a gamete?
sperm cell
bone cell
nerve cell
muscle cell
5
What is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell memebrane
ribosomes
6
What kind of bond links 1 water molecule to another water molecule?
covalent bond
hydrogen bond
peptide bond
ionic bond
7
This property of water allows insects to walk on water.
surface tension
universal solvent
capillary action
specific heat
8
Which of the following is a reason why cells are small?
Small cells have a higher surface area to volume ratioallowing for exchange
Small cells are more resistant to diseases.
Small cells can store more nutrients.
Small cells have more organelles.
9
If a cell is placed in a solution, water will flow out of the cell causing it to shrink.
hypertonic
hypotonic
equilibrium
homeostasis
10
Mitosis is the phase that occurs between G1 and G2 during interphase
False
True
11
the independent variable is located
the lables
on the side on the graph (y axis)
on the bottom of the graph (x axis)
the title
12
In what foods are lipids found?
fruits and grains
oil butter margarine
meat, nuts, beans
vegetables and fruits
13
Which of the following phrases BEST describes active transport?
moves substance against concentration gradient
does not use chemical energy
relies on diffusion of materials
forms a vesicle around a large particle
14
Plants utilize _____ to transport the water from the roots to the leaves of a plant.
polarity
capillary action
hydrogen bonds
surface tension
15
What does the cell theory state about the origin of new cells?
New cells can only be formed from chemical reactions
New cells can be formed from pre-existing cells.
New cells can be formed from non living matter.
New cells can spontaneously arise from the environment
16
The function of the light-dependent reactions is to
form (not split) water molecules.
capture and transfer energy.
build sugars.
release carbon dioxide.
17
osmosis
movement of particles from higher concentration to a region of lower
a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
a double layer of phospholipids that is the foundation
18
Which of the following best defines homeostasis?
The breakdown of glucose to release energy
The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment
The movement of molecules from high to low concentration
The process by which organisms grow and develop
19
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why humans sweat when they get hot?
ability to reproduce
maintaining a stable internal environment
using energy
growth and development
20
What happens to the number of chromosomes from start to finish during the process of the cell cycle?
It is doubled before division, halved during M phase leading to daughter
DNA does not replicate during the process of cell division
It is doubled, creating daughter cells with twice the amount of DNA
It is halved, leading to haploid daughter cells
21
What is the overall equation for cellular respiration?
H₂O + CO₂ → Glucose + O₂
ATP + Glucose → CO₂ + H₂O
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
22
phospholipid
a double layer of phospholipids that is the foundation
a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
movement of particles from higher concentration to a region of lower
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
23
cell membrane
a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
a double layer of phospholipids that is the foundation
movement of particles from higher concentration to a region of lower
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
24
What phase is this?
Prophase
Telophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
25
Which process breaks down sugars to make ATP when oxygen is present?
anaerobic respiration
glycolysis
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
26
Living things do not necessarily display all the characteristics of life
False
True
27
what is the function of nucleic acids?
make cells
codes for glucose
Store and transmit hereditary information
mutates cells
28
somatic cells undergo
meiosis
binary fission
mitosis
cell membrane
29
What phase is this?
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
Prophase
30
Sister chromatids are lined up in the middle?
anaphase
prophase
telophase
metaphase
31
Energy is released from an ATP molecule for cellular processes when it
has a phosphate group removed.
stores an extra phosphate group.
produces a sugar molecule.
converts a phosphate group to ADP.
32
diffusion
a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
movement of particles from higher concentration to a region of lower
a double layer of phospholipids that is the foundation
33
Together these
two properties
allow for capillarity- which is
adhesion and specifc heat
cohesion and universal solvent
cohesion and density
adhesion and cohesion
34
Phospholipids are the primary components of ___________________.
cell wall
ribosomes
cell membrane
steroid
35
Which of the following defines a response that reverses the change in order to restore homeostasis?
differentiation
digestion system
negative feedback
positive feedback
36
Which of the following equations best represents the chemical process of photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O
Light energy + O2 → C6H12O6 + CO2 + H2O
H20 + C6H12O6 + CO2 → 02 + H2O + Light energy
CO2 + H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + O2
37
During this phase (s) cells create additional organelles and proteins.
m phase
s
G0
G1 and G2
38
If a proteins shape becomes damaged in some way, what happens?
it will taste good
the reaction happens faster
nothing, shape doesn't matter
The protein will not function correctly or at all
39
What foods are high in protein?
meat, nuts, beans
oil butter margarine
fruits and grains
vegetables and fruits
40
Which end product of fermentation causes the burning feeling in muscles that are working hard?
alcohol
carbon dioxide
lactic acid
pyruvate
41
What do we call the proteins that we coil DNA around in order to condense it into chromosomes?
malignant
centromeres
chromatids
histones
42
Which sentence best describes exocytosis?
A vesicle fuses to the cell membrane and its contents leave the cell.
A vesicle fuses to the cell membrane and its contents enter the cell.
A vesicle fuses to a lysosome and its contents are destroyed.
A vesicle fuses to the nuclear envelope and its contents enter the nucleus.
43
If a cell is placed in a _ solution, water will flow from the solution into the cell causing the cell to swell.
homeostasis
hypertonic
equilibrium
hypotonic
44
Where in plant cells are the light-absorbing molecules for photosynthesis located?
stroma
mitochondria
thylakoids
ATP synthase
45
the dependent variable is located
the lables
on the side on the graph (y axis)
on the bottom of the graph (x axis)
the title
46
Which of the following stages of cellular respiration generates ATP, in the absence of oxygen?
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron transport chain
No answer text provided.
47
What is the function of the cell membrane?
synthesizes proteins
stores genetic information
provides structural support for the cell
controls passages of substances in and out of the cell
48
Which phrase describes passive transport?
requires an isotonic solution
always requires transport proteins
requires facilitation by enzymes
requires no energy from the cell
49
What phase is being shown here?
anaphase
Prophase
metaphase
telophase
50
What is the function of proteins?
quick energy
stores genetic information
stored energy and structure
movement, chemical reactions, transport materials
