The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of

Independent Regulatory Agencies

Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?

They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof

What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?

Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission

Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?

They indicate the President's intentions

What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?

Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue

All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT

required candidtes to take public funds

What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?

Federal Communications Commission

Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?

to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power

If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?

they defer to the lower court ruling

For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?

To select a candidate for the general election

According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?

inform Congress about the state of the Union

This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools

Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools

studbud

AP US Government Exam Course Review Flashcards | StudBud

AP US Government Exam Course Review

341 termsStudBud Administration120 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment

Flashcards341 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 341

Answers

1
An incumbent
has a hareder time raising money
is seeking office for the first time
is running for re-election
has a 50% chance of being successful.
2
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
5
4
7
6
3
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's governor
the state's senators
the state's House Reps
the Supreme Court
4
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
5
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They generally quit before they can be fired
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They cycle out after each presidential election
6
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
7
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
8
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
veto override
executive agreements
executive orders
selective enforcement
9
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They indicate the President's intentions
They are binding for the next President
They need Senate approval
They need UN approval
10
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is older
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is relatively unknown
The Senate and President are from different parties
11
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
none of the above
Officials put their constituents before their party
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
12
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
limited contributions
required candidtes to take public funds
required reporting of income/spending
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
13
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
William McKinley
Andrew Jackson
14
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
15
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
de facto prosecution
extradition
bill of attainder
ex post facto law
16
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Fuel taxes
Corporate taxes
Income taxes
Tariffs
17
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Republican
Dixiecrat
Democratic
Whig
18
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
19
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
House
Both
Senate
Neither
20
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
concurrent powers
fiscal policy
incumbency
fiscal federalism
21
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the President
the courts
the states
the Congress
22
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
9
7
10
11
23
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
accommodation
inaccessibility
exclusion
disability
24
Another term for prior restraint is
warrant
arrest
subpoena
censorship
25
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
26
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
general elections
policy elections
27
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Senators
U.S. judges
U.S. Representatives
U.S. President
28
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
scandal
leak
interview
29
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
seniority in committee assignments
increased staff
expanded budget authority
support from interest groups
30
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
discretionary spending
ways and means
the line item veto
the pocket veto
31
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
11th
12th
10th
8th
32
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to reward big fundraisers
to rank and file party members would have a voice
33
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they want to lower courts to retry it
they were unanimous
they tied
they defer to the lower court ruling
34
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
4
6
5
7
35
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
23rd
26th
24th
25th
36
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
interviews with media
a poll
the nightly news
37
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
Christian
white
property owner
male
38
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To build enthusiasm
to produce a party platform
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
39
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
hold a joint session of Congress
restate the oath
inform Congress about the state of the Union
Give a speech
40
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
granted
enumerated
reserved
federalism
41
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Both
Senate
Neither
House
42
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
hispanics
asians
women
migrant workers
43
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
44
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
House
Senate
Both
Neither
45
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
U.S. v. Lopez
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
46
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been struck down.
It has not been tested.
It has been upheld.
It is currently pending.
47
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
reliance on technology
division of labor
promotion based on merit
chain of command
48
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
creating courts
taxation bills
declaring war
treaty approval
49
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Miller v, California
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
50
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
revolutionary
issue / cause
popular person-based
splinter
51
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Adam Smith
Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
52
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
53
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
54
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
limited government
judicial review
checks and balances
separation of power
55
Who are the litigants in a case?
the plaintiff and defendent
the judges
the members of the jury
the lawyers
56
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
57
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
casework
joint committee
caucus
conference committee
58
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Employment Division v. Smith
Reed v. Reed
59
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
protesting
voting
ticket-splitting
60
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
writing The Feminine Mystique
61
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Neither
Both
House
Senate
62
If an issue has high saliency it means
few people are paying attention
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
It has a short "shelf life"
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
63
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
64
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Neither
House
Both
Senate
65
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
lobbyists
endorsements
less red tape
more authority and bigger budgets
66
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Neither
Senate
Both
67
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
politico model
instructed delegate model
agency model
trustee model
68
When does a federal judge leave office?
after a no confidence vote
After 5 years
when they choose or die
After 10 years
69
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
70
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
12th
10th
15th
16th
71
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
criminal
appellate
justiceable
civil
72
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
it caters to low information voters
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
73
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
extradition
devolution
nullification
Nixon's New Federalismj
74
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
race
gender
age
75
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
police power
establishing courts
taxation
printing currency
76
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
omnibus bills
fiscal cliffs
authorization bills
government shutdowns
77
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on individuals
They focus on odd/ unusual
they focus on issues
they tend to be liberal
78
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
fiscal cliff
impoundment
sequestration
budget resolution
79
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
interest groups
legilslators
bureaucrats
the President
80
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article IV
Article III
Article II
Article I
81
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all potential groups
They are all agents of socialization
They are all informal
They are all interest groups
82
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
to advertise the candidate
to energize the party faithful
83
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
NLRB
SEC
ICC
FTC
84
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
85
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Reece v. Texas
Lawrence v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
86
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
attend meetings
pay dues
think they are in it
87
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
17th
16th
18th
19th
88
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
it is nonexistent
it is contentious
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
89
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
90
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is nonexistent
It is longer
it is shorter
It is more in depth
91
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
Blacks outnumber hispanics
the population is shifting to the south
We will soon be a majority minority nation
92
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
voter perception
exit poLling
push polls
key word / phrasing polls
93
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They feared a stronger federal power.
They opposed federal taxation
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
94
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
95
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
96
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
obtain standing
hire lobbyists
file amicus curiae briefs
testify
97
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
a veto war
shrink the # of courts
executive order
a recess appointment
98
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
99
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
22nd
23rd
24th
25th
100
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
101
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
102
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Republican
Know Nothing
Whig
Democrat
103
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
legitimacy
jurisprudence
representation
standing
104
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Judicial
The Bureaucracy
The Executive
The Legislative
105
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
incumbency advantage
party identification
media culture
106
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to create courts
negotiate treaties
to regulate interstate trade
to tax
107
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
race
religion
age
gender
108
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
editorials are held to a different standard
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
109
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Securities and Exchange
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Reserve
110
The United States government is accurately described as
a democracy
a republic
a unitary federation
an autocracy
111
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
petitioning
protest
voting
running for office
112
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
staffing requirements
new state election laws
television
inflation
113
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
cable television
the internet
satellite tv
netflix
114
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
115
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have elections more often
They have more parties
They have more party cohesion
Their parties are more organized
116
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
strong parties
short terms
the power of interest groups
primaries
117
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
118
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a light saber
a shovel
a pen
a microphone
119
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
120
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to launch a campaign
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to mend fences after a scandal
to see how high it will go without popping
121
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a little about many subjects.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They have the most expansive powers.
122
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
religion
wealth
race
123
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
instructed delegate
division of labor
politico
trustee
124
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
12th
9th
10th
11th
125
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
126
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Munn v. Illinois
Sweatt v. Paint
Gibbons v. Ogden
127
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The White House Staff
The OMB
The Council on Economic Advisors
The GOA
128
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicare
Medicaid
Social Security
129
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
passing a flat tax
a balanced budget
a deficit tied to the GDP
returning budget initiation to Congress
130
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
December
January
March
February
131
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
132
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
entitlements
deficit spending
tax loopholes
tax indexing
133
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
character ratings
economic indicators
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
foreign policy achievements
134
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis a requirement in a democracy
iis accurate
may be ideal but isn't realistic
135
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
establish justice
ensure domestic tranquility
due process
provide for the general welfare
136
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
137
This amendment ended slavery
15th
12th
14th
13th
138
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning criminals
139
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Ethics
Energy and Commerce
Appropriations
Veteran's Affairs
140
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
leadership votes
when declaring war
domestic issues
impeachment
141
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Teddy Roosevelt
John Kennedy
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
142
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
unfunded madates
enumerated powers
block grants
categorical grants
143
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
14th
12th
15th
13th
144
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
coattails
endorsements
approval ratings
bandwagon
145
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
blacks
migrant workers
native americans
immigrants
146
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Reed v. Reed
147
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
pay dues
attend meetings
148
What is casework?
How a lawyer prepares for trial
Constituent services
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
149
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
free exercise
judicial activism
inherent powers
original intent
150
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
151
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
Butler v. U.S.
U.S. v. Lopez
U.S. v. Nixon
152
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Barron v. Baltimore
153
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
Hatch Act
The McKinley Act
The Stalwart Law
Pendleton Act
154
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
candidate nomination
a debate between the two leading candidates
the writing of the party platform
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
155
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the Supreme Court
the circuit courts
the district courts
156
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
NY Times v. Sullivan
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
Texas v. Johnson
157
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
gerrymandering
electioneering
polarization
filibustering
158
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
naturalization
admiralty and maritime law
bankruptcy supervision
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
159
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
coordinate campaigns
pick candidates
articulate policies
run polls on election day
160
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Fuel Independence
Tutle IX
The Equal Rights Amendment
Gay Rights
161
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
electors
delegates
voters
party leaders
162
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
2/3 or 75%
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
100%
163
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
164
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
conservative
liberal
165
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
criminals
police officers & teachers
lawyers and judges
attorneys
166
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
Both
House
Senate
Neither
167
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They are inherently patriotic
they need access to government officials
They might alienate viewers
168
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Whigs
Populists
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
169
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They do polling
They provide endorsements
They raise most of the money
They know the election laws in that state
170
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
U.S. Representative
U.S. Judge
171
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
Earl Warren
William Rehnquist
John Roberts
Warren Burger
172
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
173
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The General Accounting Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
The Congressional Budget Office
The Federal Reserve
174
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
vote
free speech
assemble
pray
175
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
expanded it / made bigger
it was unchanged
it was inconsistent
contracted it / made smaller
176
The distance between a law and implentation is called
bureaucratic distance
slippage
administrative discretion
appellate jurisdiction
177
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Guantanamo
San Quentin
Alcatraz
Los Alamos
178
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
ERA v. Hunt
Schaffley v. Hoke
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. Reed
179
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The Senate Finance Committee
The House Ways and Means Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Office of Management and Budget
180
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
politicians must take clear positions on issues
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
181
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
Article III
It's not
Article VI
Article I
182
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Gideon v. Wainwright
Roe v. Wade
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
183
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Judge
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
184
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article VI
Article IV
Article V
Article III
185
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Civil Service Commission
The Office of Personnel Management
National Labor Relations Board
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
186
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
187
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
Supreme and Appeals
District only
Supreme and District
District and Appeals
188
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
all war reporters are members of the military
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
189
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
impeachment
judicial review
190
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
sequestration
omnibus bills
structural debt
regressive taxing
191
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
the stock market must be reformed
government regulation is illegal
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
192
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
193
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
23rd
20th
22nd
21st
194
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Declare War
Approve treaties
Taxation
Impeachment
195
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation that has wide appeal
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
196
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
voter fraud
patronage
advertising
providing government services
197
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
198
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
appointing ambassadors
diplomatic recognition
executive agreements
waging war
199
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
Internet ads
the prevalence of sound bites
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
200
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the voters through referendum
the states
the Suoreme Court
201
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
You vote for Democrats
you get more conservative
you vote more
you attend to the news
202
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
cooperative federalism
fiscal federalism
dual federalism
new federalism
203
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
groups benefits
nature of the times
low information
idealogues
204
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the elastic clause
the due process clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the equal protection clause
205
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
voter apathy
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
206
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Lemon v. Kutzman
207
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Employment Division v. Smith
Gitlow v. New York
Engel v. Vitale
208
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
eliminated the public funding option
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
required reporting of PAC contributions
209
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
through consesnsus
speedy and swift
impossible
slow and deliberate
210
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
state
appellate
federal
district
211
Teacher led prayers violate the
free exercise clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
due process clause
212
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
213
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
neutral competence
electoral mandate
bully pulpit
state of the union
214
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
Only 12 states hold them
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
the whole process takes one day
215
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
216
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
eliminate agencies
appointments
issue executive orders
reorganize budgets
217
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Giibbons v. Ogden
Dartmouth v. Woodward
McCullough v. Maryland
Fletcher v. Peck
218
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
District Courts
Circuit Courts
The Supreme Court
Superior Courts
219
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
220
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title IX
Title V
Title XI
Title XX
221
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
222
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
polling and policy positions
information management and mobilization
patronage
converting voters
223
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
the U.S. Marshalls
The Chief Justice
The Chief Magistrate
The Solicitor General
224
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to regulate campaign finance
to make delegate selection more democratic
to streamline platform writing
225
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
a court order
an executive order by the Governor
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
226
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
agency model
politico model
trustee model
instructed delegate model
227
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Executive
Judicial
Bureaucracy
Legislative
228
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
229
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of sufficiency
230
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate or made of both Reps and Senators?
To iron differences out on controversial topics
To stop amendments
To stop legislation
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
231
What was the first form of mass media?
daily newspapers
radio
telegraph
television
232
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
grandfather clauses
233
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 day
3 days
4 days
1 week
234
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
235
Empty question
236
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
237
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
liberal
conservative
238
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
treason charges
unlawful searches
quartering troops in your home
239
The effect of iron triangles is typically
elitism
hyperpluralism
pluralism
socialism
240
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
The Executive Offices
White House Staff
the Vice President
The cabinet
241
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Americans With Disabilities Act
242
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
20th
18th
17th
19th
243
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
closed
open
blanket
bicameral
244
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
the candidate's voting record
"horserace" coverage
fundraising
policy positions
245
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
hearings
lobbying
deregulation
approve appintments
246
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
wealth
religion
gender
sexual orientation
247
How many levels are the federal court system?
two
four
three
five
248
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Slave Trade
3/5 Compromise
Virginia Plan
Connecticut
249
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
They are avoiding media attention
they increase campaign spending
250
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
fill vacancies
issue pardons
nominate officials
execute the law
251
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
patronage
due diligence
merit system
due process
252
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer but cheaper
They are shorter but more expensive
253
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
254
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
4 judges, law fairies
attorneys, judges
3 judges, witnesses
5 judges, juries
255
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
20 years
14 years
30 years
15 years
256
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
free exercise
the nuclear option
the filibuster
257
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Reed v. North Carolina
harris v. Forklift Systems
Shaw v. Reno
Craig v. Boren
258
What type of primary do political parties like best?
open
unicameral
blanket
closed
259
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
direct democracy
unitary democracy
confederation
union
260
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
oral argument
opinion
writ of certiori
a warrant
261
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Snyder v. Phelps
Texas v. Johnson
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
262
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
passing laws
rule-making
iron triangles
filing class action lawsuits
263
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
white souitherners
blacks
unions
the wealthy
264
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Reagan
H.W. Bush
Nixon
Goldwater
265
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
266
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
They are for profit taxable organizations
they produce issue ads
they disclose the names of contributors
267
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
due process
judicial restraint
judicial activism
strict constructionism
268
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
269
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
declare war
appointments
tax
veto
270
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Baker v. Carr
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
271
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
272
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
273
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They feared a strong federal government
They wanted a democracy
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They felt the states were too powerful
274
Franking is
Unregulated
Illegal
a duty given to US elected officials
a privilege granted to US elected officials
275
Why are signing statements controversial?
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
They are relatively new in presidential history
they are executive orders in disguise
276
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Preamble
The Introduction
The Mutual Pledge
The Bill of Rights
277
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must be unaninmous
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
they are either concurring or dissenting
278
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
279
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The War Powers Resolution
The Geneva Convention
The Patriot Act
The Enduring Freedom Act
280
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Democrats and Whigs
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Republicans and Democrats
Know Nothings and Whigs
281
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
press conference
politics
narrowcast
newscast
282
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
the state governments
only the federal government
only the executive power
all governments in the US
283
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between 2 or more states
between a state and a country
between the US and states
capital punishment cases
284
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
foreign aid
education
defense
medicare
285
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
school
abortion
zoning
police
286
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Smith and Wesson
Hearst and Pulitzer
Raymour and Flanigan
287
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Neither
House
Senate
Both
288
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
26th
25th
27th
24th
289
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Electioneering during work hours
Leaking information to the press
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
290
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
gender
race
religion
age
291
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
292
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Miller v. California
Tinker v. DesMoines
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
293
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
Parties have legislative goals
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties offer selective benefits
294
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
295
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the candidate
the bureaucracy
interest groups
the party
296
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article V
No part
Article II
Article III
297
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
They are being nominated
298
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
2/3
1/2
3/4
100%
299
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more ideological
They have voted more often
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more informed
300
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
extradition
dual federalism
privileges and immunities protections
full faith and credit clause
301
Over time, national party conventions have become less
contentious
attended
fun
predictable
302
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
limited government
checks and balances
separation of powers
judicial review
303
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being educated
being female
being young
being wealthy
304
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
Why third parties tend to fail
why we don't have radical parties in the US
305
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The Senaste
The Electoral College
The President
The House of Representatives
306
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
adminstrative discretion
issue networks
due process
regulation
307
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
voter apathy
separation of powers
runaway spending
rapid passage of laws
308
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
2/3
3/4
unanimous
51%
309
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
310
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
311
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
W. Bush
Reagan
Clinton
H,W. Bush
312
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
impeachment
legislation
regulations
amendements
313
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Military personnel make up the largest segment
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
314
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
Initiate laws
veto laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
315
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
no states would exist
direct democracy
more uniformity
more powerful states
316
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
they are more common than caucuses
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
states have them on different dates
there is a ballot
317
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Declaration of Independence
the Preamble
the 14th amendment
The Bill of Rights
318
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
319
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it easier to register to vote
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
320
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
321
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Protect America Act
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Freedom Act
322
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
3 years
1 year
2 years
6 months
323
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
21st
18th
19th
25th
324
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Party Leader
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
UN Ambassador
325
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
326
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
enumerated
supremacy powers
reserved
inherent
327
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
the military industrial complex
delays / slow budget negotiations
inevitable growth in budgets
budget reconciliation
328
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
solar
wheel and spoke
circular
flat
329
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
They coordinate closely with their candidate
they tend to support incumbents
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
330
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Furman v. Georgia
Gregg v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
Griswold v. Connecticut
331
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
332
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it sets the policy agenda
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it typically converts voters
333
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
You can only have one or the other, not both
334
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
Common Sense
The Declaration of Independence
The Constitution
335
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
336
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the due process clause
elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
337
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He stepped down after 3 years
He "flipped" to the conservative side
338
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
bond sales
tax loopholes
foreign banks
sequestration
339
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Engel v. Vitale
Schenk v. the United States
340
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
implied powers
elastic clause
limited government
supremacy clause
341
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The chief Justice oversees the trial
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
The House decides the charges