Ch. 1-18 Review

Democratic values are one of the features of a pluralistic society

This has been the official policy of the United States since the end of World War II

The broad business duties to obtain the support of society are called its social contract

When a company signs a DPA or NPA it is indicted

Civil regulation is also known as

Which of the following wields an important influence on corporate decisions?

The countervailing forces model states that society is governed primarily by economic forces.

A policy is a decree issued by an agency to implement a law passed by Congress

Affirmative action complemented the ideal of

Identify the force of globalization that comes under "ideas."

Which of the following is true regarding salarymen

_____ advocacy presents a political view or comment on an electoral race

Which enacted new regulations on auditing, financial reporting, and legal compliance?

Ethical perfection is factual and real

Which of the following is true about typical MNCs

What did the third wave of federal workplace regulation deal with

Leadership from the top is critical for the success of diversity management programs.

grant of stock w/ restrictions on transaction that are removed when specified condition is met

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was based on the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

The _____ measures human consumption of renewable natural resources.

Envir. force of unknown origin that provides the energy for events is known as historical force

This is the legal duty of a representative to manage property in the interest of the owner.

burden of regulation can be measured or characterized by all of the following methods EXCEPT

This doctrine propounds that gov should protect business interests from foreign competitors

Usually, CEO pay is determined by managerial power

The call to pressure a company by not buying its products and services is known as a(n):

Adam Smith's vision of _____ capitalism defined the essence of economic liberalism.

Which of the following is a competitiveness goal

At most companies CSR is still ___, and largely ___, to core business strategies

A manufacturer can be held liable for a breach of express warranty but not implied warranty.

Which of the following refers to a basic approach, method, or plan for achieving an objective?

Corporations have internal environments that shape their actions.

economic policy of lowering tariffs and other barriers to encourage trade and investment is

When an action of a comp goes above &beyond what is required by gov regulations, it is called a

Which of the following are used as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, foams, and solvents?

These are vital to markets.

Governments advance corporate responsibility mainly with binding national regulation.

Most mission statements center on profits and products

Directors who are employees of the company are called independent directors

In terms of a company's social report, the opposite of transparency is opacity

The first wave of federal workplace regulation established

an independent director who chairs regular board meetings of other independent directors

The ability of a business to influence government is called

The study of which actions are "right" and which actions are "wrong" is called

The primary purpose of business: Make a profit by providing products that satisfy human needs

According to the U.S. Sentencing Commission's Guidelines Manual, if criminal conduct occurs

Directors who are employees of the company are called

The transfer of work from a domestic to a foreign country, or to a foreign supplier is called:

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Act

The process of deciding which regulatory action to take regarding specific risks is called:

The Global Compact is a code of conduct that enforces its principles

Which of the following is true regarding the Interstate Commerce Commission

Research suggests that in heavily regulated labor markets

entity headquartered in 1 country that does bus in 1 or more foreign countries is called a(n):

Rights that are given to citizens by their government are called:

During the 19^th century, the Anti-Saloon League

According to new Progressives

The practice of harnessing market forces to motivate compliance with regulatory goals is

A set of reinforcing beliefs and values that constructs a worldview is called a(n):

Classical ideology focused solely on the _____ circle of social responsibility

Activity in the environmental sphere is the primary force for change.

____ values are the central beliefs that guide decisions and reside deep in a company's culture

Most U.S. companies have a written code of ethical conduct

Which of the following models describes business as responding primarily to economic forces

A concern with stakeholder theory is it is not always clear on what a legitimate stakeholder is

Which of the following statements about regulations is false

Utilitarianism protects both individual needs and community needs equally

The debasement of integrity for money, position, privilege, or other self-benefit is termed as:

Intense competition between corporations works to bring consumers

Rights have corresponding duties associated with them

When companies dominate an industry, they may engage in unfair or destructive competition.

Which of the following is NOT an element of the regulatory options spectrum

World Bank and IMF loans usually go to developing countries.

The Golden Rule of ethics is: "Justice is nothing else than the interest of the stronger."

Top managers are the strongest influence on the integrity of the company's managers.

The three elements of social responsibility are

The _____ sector is considered to add value to manufactured goods

The four cardinal virtues identified by Plato are justice, temperance, courage, and:

At which level of legal power do industrial activities influence the laws of the society?

__ refer to 6 natural substances that in large quantities cause the degradation of air quality

FDI is an example of which force in globalization?

The First Amendment is an amendment to the Constitution added in 1791 as part of the:

The estimated burden of disease caused by pollution is calculated as the percentage of deaths &

Most multinational corporations (MNCs) are

The impact of a company on nature is called its:

The substitution of revenues from taxes on pollution for revenues from taxes on productivity is

process of deciding what action to take regarding specific risks is called hazard assessment

Great Britain was the first society to usher in the Industrial Revolution.

"Your right to swing your fist ends where my nose begins" is a colloquial version of the

The FDA has the authority to

Workplace fatalities have declined after the creation of the

What is a "significant regulatory action"?

Companies can manage their responses to social pressures by moving through a process of:

Even without making direct investments in a nation, powerful MNCs can shake its economy.

Each of the five tiers of internationalization is seen as all of the following EXCEPT

The Roman Catholic Church exhorted the merchants to charge a _____ price for their wares.

The six environmental forces that create turbulence in the workplace are interconnected

A profit-making activity providing products and services intended to satisfy human needs is

Most shareholders follow management's voting recommendations

Corporations are formed under national incorporation laws

Within a pluralistic society, the auth. entity has an overriding power over all other entities.

_____ actions are initiatives required either by government regulation or civil regulation

A contract in which the seller guarantees the nature of the product is known as a(n):

Acid rain is caused primarily by two air borne pollutants

What is the mainspring of globalization

To be effective performance goals must be general and progress toward them should be measurable

Regulation of railroads, banks, and natural resources are examples of the government:

Plutocracy refers to a society that is ruled by the wealthy

Story of the future based on assumptions about how current trends might play out is known as a

Identify the Act that prohibits consideration of econ factors in the decision to list a species

Which requires that affirmative action payment be made to make up for past wrongs

Which of the following is a major reason for diffusion & decentralization of power in the gov

Manufacturing, mining, and construction are a part of the _____ sector.

_____ is Latin for "let the buyer beware"

Which of the following is a category used by the HDI to measure the development of nations?

__ is a polling process in which ppl are asked to put a dollar amount on some aspect of nature

__ is an emphasis on material objects that displaces spiritual, aesthetic, or philosophical val

A government document that creates a corporation and defines its authority is called a:

The Clean Development Mechanism was a carbon offset program set up under the Montreal Protocol

Different countries have the same ethical values

Natural selection is the evolutionary basis of ethics

Product liability:

A _____ price is determined by interaction of the supply and demand w/out any moral dimension

Command-and-control regulation

Which of the following is an example of a speculative technique?

A _____ is the sequence of coordinated actions that add benefit to a product or service.

The primary air quality statute in the United States is the:

The structures/processes in a society that authoritatively make and apply policies/rules are

Skeptics call cause-related marketing "conservation philanthropy"

Which of the following statements about compensation of outside board members is true?

Aristotle's idea that "virtue requires moderation" is an essential part of the

Laws that prohibit retail stores from being open for business on Sundays are called blue laws.

The ability of businesses to influence the values and habits of people in a society is called:

Which of the following acts outlawed the yellow dog contracts

Which of the following are responses to competitive forces in markets?

Which of the following is a part of the tiers of internationalization

The ecosystem is home to multiple biospheres

Which is a less preferred name, compared to the others, for a multinational corporation

Which of the following is a worker protection goal

A community firm is a Japanese company that operates on a model analogous to a family.

Voluntary regulation is used when the political will for stringent command rules is present.

The basic statute for fighting water pollution in the United States is the

The strength to act or to compel another entity to act is called power.

Identify the tier that is a part of internationalization

Which of the following is true regarding the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)?

A strategy is a basic approach, method, or plan for achieving an objective

Gases that evaporate from liquid or solid carbon-based compounds are known as condensibles.

_____ is a form of government requiring popular sov, political liberty, and majority rule.

When the political will for stringent command rules is absent, _____ regulation is used.

The large cohort of workers born between 1946 and 1964 are known as:

Sequences of actions that add value to products and services are called business

In terms of a company's social reports, the opposite of _____ is

Which of the following is true regarding the executive agency

Which of the following products is regulated by the CPSC?

In case of ____, the action might have been or might be taken even in the absence of the gift

NGOs are a major force in the ways that government and business operate

Which of the following statements about the laissez-faire concept is true?

_____ is the idea, arising in the Enlightenment, that human beings are ends in themselves.

This institution combines capital & labor/encourages risk/continuity beyond individuals

A group that represents the political interests of many companies and industries is called a:

What is the evolutionary basis of ethics?

All of the following are frequently used types of stock awards EXCEPT

Almost all FDI comes from multinational corporations

The _____ is authorized to inspect meat, poultry, and eggs

The network of human relations consisting of ideas, institutions, and material things is a(n):

There is no specific part of the brain that makes ethical decisions

Measuring the benefits of fed regul. is easier than calculating the costs of these regulations

The employees of a business are a part of its external environment.

The Living Planet Index measures the human consumption of the renewable natural resources.

Agreements reached under GATT were incorporated in the WTO

Regular employees who are expected to remain with the firm forever are known as datsusara.

An environ. force of unknown origin that provides the energy for events is known as a

The United States is not a party to the Kyoto protocol

The uniform currency used by the European Union (EU) is called the:

Cost-benefit approaches compromise ecosystems deserving absolute, not conditional, protection

The force to act or to compel another person or entity to act is called:

The basic steps of the rulemaking process were set forth in the:

__ exists on a wide spect. ranging from coercion at one extreme to weak influence at the other

Which is NOT a part of the six environmental forces that create turbulence in the workplace

ethical principle that requires punishment to be evenhanded &proportionate to transgressions is

The organized labor was the strongest supporter of the industries

Which part of the U.S. Constitution gives the federal government the right to regulate business

The idea that "the ends justify the means" was a basic tenet of:

Milton Friedman

The public generally believes a business has social responsibilities beyond making a profit.

Atmospheric gases that absorb energy radiated from earth, decreasing its release into space are

Which of the following is true regarding the common elements of diversity programs?

A tort solely involves an intentional action that causes injury

Salarymen are

The lending of money for interest is known as

What method does the EPA use to calculate the value of a statistical life

The conventionalist ethic is a thin justification for questionable behavior by managers.

Corp cult values found in documents such as mission statements and codes of ethics are known as

All corporate cultures have ethical dimensions

According to the theory of dualism, humans and nature are one

Presidents have formal control over rulemaking by independent agencies

According to Herbert Spencer, charity is right only when it raises the character of the giver

At most companies CSR is still incidental, and rarely supplemental, to core business strategies

At the _____ level of economic power, the operation of a corporation affects its stakeholders.

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 protected the blacks against

When an implied covenant of good faith is breached, the employer's ability to fire is limitless

For corruption to exist there must be both demand and supply

Sustained econ. growth arose in W. Europe and the U.S. during the first half of the 20th cent.

Business entities in foreign countries controlled by parent transnational corporations are

The Gini index ranges between:

The Human Development Index scale ranges from:

All of the following are ex of social performance indicators in the triple bottom line EXCEPT

Direct interaction with gov officials or staff through meetings, phone calls, or e-mails is

According to ____, rich people and dominant companies are morally superior

A __ society is one that has multiple groups and institutions through which power is diffused

The countervailing forces model accepts absolute primacy of business like the dominance one.

Identify the corporate culture level that encompasses formal statements of belief and intention

The Group of Eight has now expanded and is currently known as

A tax or duty charged by a government on goods moved across a border is known as a:

Soft law creates binding obligations for corporations

Superfund refers to a federal program that was set up in 1980 to clean up toxic waste sites.

The Montreal Protocol set timetables to phase out worldwide

Any large multinational corporation will follow only a single code

Which of the following is true about guidance

Predictable and strong forces in a pluralistic, free market society limit business power.

Mandated actions go beyond those compelled by law or regulation

In global production, a value chain can span two or more countries

Rights are an absolute doctrine with definite limits

In the United States, the Progressive movement was the first movement to protect the consumers.

The most widely used index measure of a corporation's "multinationality" is called the:

Which of the following is an emerging form of philan that uses market forces to achieve results

Constitutional support has no role in encouraging pluralism

When a factory dumps toxic waste into a stream, it results in a(n) _____ cost for society.

Immigration generally brings an influx of younger workers who are less costly & more adaptable

The econ & pol factors within a society affect an individual's chances for justice to be served

Participation in affinity groups decreases an individual's sense of isolation in a work culture

Jeremy Bentham developed the idea of _____ as a guide to ethics

populists wanted private individuals to own railroad, telegraph, telephone companies, and banks

Risk management decisions are based on the social sciences—law, economics, politics, and ethics

In which of the following models do business and government govern the great mass of people?

practice of a corp publishing info about its econ, social, and environ performance is known as

Compensatory justice requires inequitable compensation to victims

The BGS field is the study of this environment and its importance for managers.

Standards of ethical behavior were arguably clearer in ancient Greek civiliz. than they are now

Which Act was passed by Congress in 2008 to restore financial stability?

Which of the following federal agencies was established in 1966 to set highway safety standards

Compensation of these directors is determined by compensation committees on boards.

This is a part of the tiers of internationalization

What is the primary mission of the International Monetary Fund?

Technology that is developed on the scale of one-billionth of a meter is known as:

According to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, criminal violations can lead to fines of up to:

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was based on the _____ Amendment

__ are those social issues/impacts related to factors that influence success in the marketplace

The institution imparts values/habits/norms in family/religious/educational institutions

attempting to establish a ling b/t a substance and human disease is called:

In terms of GRI indicators, which of the following is an economic performance indicator?

A set of economic policies prescribed to correct flaws in a national economy is known as:

The two elements that determine the CSR orientation of a firm are its business model and its:

Most companies begin with an early founding impulse for truth, justice, and the stakeholder way

Acid rain is caused primarily by two air pollutants, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.

Transportation is an example of which force in globalization

The just price

In 2009, Congress gave the FDA power to

Which of the following is true regarding the implications of the current population trend?

idea that a manager simply "knows" the difference b/t right &wrong actions is fundamental to

Which of the following is an internal business environment?

All of the following are norms of social values EXCEPT:

All of the following are a part of global production EXCEPT

An agent capable of initiating cancer is known as a(n):

In terms of GRI indicators, which of the following is an environmental performance indicator?

A policy of national self-sufficiency and economic independence is called

Executives are more often prosecuted than corporations, though harder to convict

During World War II, support for business rebounded in the United States

The sector of occupations that add value to manufactured goods is known as the service sector

which of the following is discrimination in favor of protected groups benevolent of intention

All of the following are ex of economic performance indicators in the triple bottom line EXCEPT

The _____ Amendment of the U.S. constitution prohibited race discrimination in voting.

Change in bus. envir. is the work of 10 deep historical forces or streams of related events

An enduring belief about which fundamental choices in personal and social life are "correct" is

A set of values that create a specific view of the world is a(n) _______

This is an environmental force acting as a catalyst forcing distinct chains of events.

What is the main focus of the Dodd-Frank Act

Money that raised &spent under the strict contribution limits &rules in fed election law is

All of the following are ex of environ performance indicators in the triple bottom line EXCEPT

Which of the following believed that both good and evil were a natural part of human nature?

All of the following countries are part of NAFTA except

Training is the key to communicating ethics and compliance knowledge

A form of gov. requiring popular sov., political liberty, and majority rule is the androcracy.

statement of how a business will create value by selling something in the marketplace is called

A corporate agency is a regulatory agency in the executive branch run by a single administrator

As a first step in implementing corporate social responsibility, a corporation should

The president nominates two out of the five commissioners of the Federal Trade Commission.

The Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gave women the right to vote

The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs

Which of the following is a measure of social globalization

Even as nations' nontariff barriers have generally fallen, tariffs have multiplied

What's right or wrong in a busi decision involving ethical concerns is always a clear decision

Formulas for CEO compensation are almost universally focused on attaining:

The National Pollution Discharge Elimination System is the permit system used to regulate:

Which of the following is a characteristic of a democracy?

According to the radical Progressives, corp. social responsibility is an insufficient doctrine

Which of the following is the largest and most powerful peak association in the United States?

yellow dog contract was a type of employer-employee agreement according to which workers would

Risk is the probability that harm will occur &is typically measured on a scale that ranges b/t

According to Thomas Donaldson & Thomas W. Dunfee, the right to political participation is a(n)

Which of the following is true regarding the progressive movement?

Milton Friedman believes that the sole objective of managers should be maximization of profit

No matter what the source of a code of conduct, the target is the corporation

_____ refers to capital investment by private firms outside their home countries

Emissions trading programs are also known as:

This economic policy encourages foreign trade via relaxed trade restrictions and regulations

Globalization has been the official policy of the United States throughout most of its history

Lobbyists often meet w/ a legislator's staff and sometimes work with them to draft legislation.

The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. constitution

Unlike Euro. peasants, Amer. farmers owned their land and this turned them into capitalists

The slender margin atop the earth's surface that supports life is called the

primary motive of companies investing in LDCs is getting an adequate return on capital invested

Which is a legal defense that a company can use to fight a disparate impact charge?

Evidence suggests that the sensitivity of neural pathways is based on learning and

Values based on assumptions of security and affluence are known as postmaterialist values.

The tangible artifacts of a society that shape and are shaped by ideas and institutions are

The example of _____ is perhaps the strongest influence on integrity in a corporate culture.

During industrialization

The World Bank is an example of which force in globalization?

The political reform movement that arose among U.S. farmers in the late 1800s was the:

A Web site open to collaborative editing by multiple individuals is known as a:

Usually, CEO pay is determined by

Which of the following statements regarding the Gini index is true?

The transfer of work from a domestic to a foreign location is known as offshoring

Which of the following statements is true about ideologies?

What is the primary focus of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In the Gini index, 0 % stands for absolute inequality and 100 % stands for perfect equality.

Enlightenment led to the rise of the idea that human beings are ends in themselves

This institution protects the public and investors from dishonesty, danger, and fraud.

Risk management decisions are based on the

Which of the following were formidable business adversaries that emerged during the 19^th cent.

The rightful use of business power is called

Corporate actions have an impact on society at two levels

The 80 percent rule is the statistical test to measure disparate impact

Aristotle argued that the end justified the means

Human rights are an example of which force in globalization

A _____ is a decree issued by an agency to implement a law passed by Congress

Protectionism is principally an economic issue

Externalities are costs of production borne by the enterprise that causes them

With regard to MNCs in the United States:

unwritten beliefs about the nature of the company and what behaviors bring success are called

The 13th Amendment was intended to prevent Southern states from passing discriminatory laws

Costs of production borne not by the enterprise that causes them but by society are called:

Carcinogen is an agent capable of initiating cancer

Corporate philanthropy is a large part of overall private philanthropy in the U.S. every year

Formal statements of aspirations, principles, guidelines &rules, for corp behavior are known as

Which of the following is NOT an element of risk assessment

The environmental Kuznets curve is a(n) _____ curve

limited, speculative purchase of stocks &bonds of a foreign comp by individuals or mutual funds

The theory of land ethic

The systematic calculation of the bottom line and profit of a proposed regulatory action is

Governments cannot grant or take away _____ rights

Which of the following is NOT an example of an ecosystem service

Backdating is granting options shortly before good news causes a share price rise.

Rights to life are an example of

A Web site open to collaborative editing by multiple individuals is known as a blog.

Ethical intuition is a form of social intuition

The institution that informs the public and stimulates commerce with advertising.

Verification by audit that info in a corporate sustainability report is correct is known as:

Illegal gratuity refers to an agreement to exchange something of value for an official act.

A treated or untreated wastewater discharge from an industrial facility is known as a(n):

Which of the following statements about historical forces is true?

When managers are convicted of a crime, their prison sentences are based on a(n)

The tendency of an individual to use immoral, manipulative behavior in a group is known as

Which of the following abolished slavery

Which of the following statements is true about the Department of Homeland Security?

Which of the following sectors includes jobs in retailing, transportation, and health care?

_____ is an econ phil of active state intervention to stabilize the econ & stimulate employment

_____ regulations do not require legal compulsions or sanctions

After 1974, subcommittees could hold hearings on any subject they wished

The single measure that best captures the activity and power of MNCs is portfolio investment

When a company gives monetary gifts to society in order to advance social welfare, it is called

An express advocacy communication that is not coordinated with a candidate is known as a(n):

The learning of specific virtues such as prudence or honesty is known as

Which of the following sectors includes fishing and forestry occupations?

The exercise of authority over members of a corporate community is called

The Clean Water Act is effective in eliminating polluted factory outflows

Only developed countries have been receptive to free market ideas

During the 1960s and 1970s, national politics became dominated by a conservative agenda.

This institution makes economic policy/checks and balances business power.

A discrete source of discharge such as a factory, mine, ship, or pipeline is known as a(n):

In Japanese industries, a community firm is a company that

In the _____ model, the _____ acts as a buffer between business and non-market forces.

According to the Gini index, the cause of most of the rise in world income inequality is a(n):

technique of generating pub support for the position of a company, industry, or any interest is

When a company assesses its social impact on society, it has performed a(n):

Environmental Protection Agency sets drinking water standards and also regulates bottled water

When an MNC invests funds to acquire a foreign comp, this is called a foreign direct investment

Liberalization refers to the creation of networks of human interaction that span ww distances

Most companies focus on an ethics approach to prevent wrongdoing than on a compliance approach

MNCs are all similar in their organizational structures and operations

The application of one nation's laws within the borders of another nation is known as:

Which state charters the largest number of corporations in the United States

Almost all FDI comes from

Which of the following is true regarding the modern nation-state?

The first national movement that sprung up with the aim to protect consumers was the:

Which principle states that a manager will act ethically if the good effects outweigh the evil?

Which of the following is most likely to drive future population changes?

When businesses give money to candidates and lobby legislation, they are attempting to use:

Thorstein Veblen argued that in the new industrial society, people earned their status by:

"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" is the basic tenet of the

One way to characterize the cost of regulation is to calculate its total dollar cost

Under which of the following forces of globalization does environmentalism come

Natural rights are

During the Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church:

Exporting a product at a price below the price it normally sells for in its home market is

Which of the following is considered to be the bedrock of economic globalization?

All of the following ratios are used to compute the TNI EXCEPT

Civil regulation has fully compensated for lack of binding global regulation

When a corporation aligns its charitable strategy with its business strategy, it is known as:

The Equal Protection Clause has been interpreted to give the fed gov wide power to regulate bus

A company's charitable contributions are not tax-deductible

Kinds of decisions made form a part of

stockholders:

_____ refers to a society that is ruled by the wealthy

The term Chicago School is synonymous with

Advocates of social responsibility feel that

Social globalization is based on

In 2009, U.S. charitable giving was about $304 bill The largest proportion of this was given by

Demo. factors explain a lot about what individual qualities are associated w/ ethical behavior

Which of the following statements about portfolio investments is true

The average board of directors has five members and this has not changed for many years.

A gov in which powers are divided between a central gov and subdivision gov is called a(n):

What are the two kinds of warranties

This is an agreement negotiated in 1991 among Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

The main purpose of this code is to boost economic growth of its members by expanding trade

Which of the following agencies acts against housing and loan discrimination

The pluralist theory of business power was supported by Karl Marx.

President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation that

The two basic methods of proving a substance dangerous are

A tort is a private wrong committed by one person against another person or his/her property.

Which doctrines defined the legal relationship between a consumer and other parties to a sale

The typical MNC is international rather than national

Which of the following is true regarding natural rights

Which of the following is NOT an ideology that facilitated the Industrial Revolution?

scientific process of discovering & weighing the dangers posed by pollutants is risk assessment

After 1974, subcommittees

A _____ is a group representing the interests of an industry or industry segment

The ability of businesses to influence the laws of the society in which they operate is called:

A/an _____ is a model of the methods an organization can use to achieve certain goals.

_____ of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination in any aspect of employment

Which Act makes it illegal for U.S. citizens anywhere in the world to bribe foreign officials?

When ready, rules in their final wording are printed in the:

What are the two broad areas of business involvement in politics?