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Biology EOC Review Questions Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology EOC Review Questions
Biology EOC Review Questions
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Review Quiz to prepare for the Milestone EOC in Biology
Flashcards
70 cards
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Questions
70
Answers
1
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?
trophic level
food pyramid
food chain
energy path
2
Examples of fossils include preserved
eggs
footprints
body parts
all of the above
3
Energy is released from ATP when
adenine bonds to ribose
ATP is exposed to sunlight
a phosphate group is added
a phosphate group is removed
4
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in sunlight. The gas is probably
<p>oxygen</p>
<p>carbon dioxide</p>
ATP
vaporized water
5
You won't find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?
plants
fungi
animals
none of the above
6
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
<p>ATP</p>
food molecules
carbon dioxide
water
7
According to Darwin, individuals who aruvive are best adapted. Their survival is due to the
possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness
possession of adaptations developed through use
lack of competition within the species
choices made by plant and animal breeders
8
Which of the following contains a nucleus?
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
organelles
bacteria
9
DNA is copied during a process called
translation
transcription
replication
transformation
10
Which cell structure contains the cell's genetic material and controls the cell's activities?
cytoplasm
nucleus
organelle
cell envelope
11
Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
12
What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
sunlight
water
carbohydrates
carbon
13
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
metaphase
telophase
prophase
anaphase
14
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
four genetically different cells
two genetically different cells
two genetically identical cells
four genetically identical cells
15
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
temperature
soil type
plant life
rainfall
16
For a cross between a homozygous tall (TT) plant and a heterozygous (Tt) plant, which is true?
About half of the offspring will be tall
About half of the offspring will be short
<p>All of the offspring will be tall</p>
All of the offspring will be short
17
Who is the best Honors Biology teacher of ALL time?
<p>All of the above</p>
Mrs Dyer
Mrs Dyer
Mrs Dyer
18
Which of the following explains why bird wings and reptile forelegs are evidence of evolution?
Analogous structures indicate a common ancestor
Similar functions point to a common ancestor
Vestigial structures point to a common ancestor
Homologous structures indicate a common ancestor
19
What happens during the process of translation?
Copies of DNA molecules are made
Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is made from DNA
The cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
20
In humans, the femur, or thigh bone, is involved in walking. In whales the femur is a(n)
example of a fossil
acquited trait
<p>vesitigial structure</p>
example of natural variation
21
What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
NADH, NADPH, and FADH2
adenine, thylakoids, stroma
adenine, ribose, phosphate
stroma, grana, chlorophyll
22
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
interphase
anaphase
metaphase
cytokinesis
23
The second part of a scientific name is unique to each
species in its genus
family in its order
order in its class
genus in its family
24
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
GAUCCA
AGCTTG
GATCCA
TCGAAC
25
Gametes are produced by the process of
crossing-over
replication
meiosis
mitosis
26
What is produced during transcription?
RNA molecules
DNA molecules
RNA polymerase
proteins
27
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Communities make up species, which make up populations
Species make up populations, which make up communities
Populations make up species, which make up communities
Species make up communities, which make up populations
28
Which of the following is an autotroph?
impala
tree
leopard
mushroom
29
Which phrase best defines evolution by natural selection?
a process of change in species over time
a sudden replacement of one population by another
an adaptation of a species to its environment
changes in a species as it becomes more perfect
30
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
ribosome
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
31
Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
ribosome
vacuole
32
Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?
<p>photosynthesis</p>
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
electron transport
33
All of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(n)
population
ecosystem
community
biome
34
A protein that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(n)
enzyme
lipid
molecule
element
35
An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(n)
heterotroph
chemotroph
autotroph
producer
36
Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
energy
oxygen
glucose
air
37
The finches that Darwin found on the Galapagos displayed different adaptations including
length of the birds' necks
number of eggs in each bird's nest
similarities of the birds' embryos
birds' different-shaped beaks
38
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
photosynthesis
decomposition of plants and animals
burning of fossil fuels
transpiration
39
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
survival of the fittest
artificial selection
natural selection
artificial variation
40
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy → 6CO2 + 6H2O
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
41
Which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph?
grass
human
mushroom
leopard
42
A pattern in which species have stable periods followed by brief rapid evolutionary change is
punctuated equilibrium
coevolution
adaptive radiation
convergent evolution
43
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among/between organisms & their environment is
recycling
modeling
ecology
economy
44
Which of the following is biochemical evidence for evolution?
Human hemoglobin is different than mouse hemoglobin
Human hemoglobin is more similar to chimps than mice
embryonic hemoglobin is different from adult hemoglobin
hemoglobin in humans can vary between different individuals
45
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
help to fight disease
control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
<p>build tissues such as bone and muscle</p>
store and transmit heredity
46
A symbiosis in which both species benefit is
parasitism
predation
mutualism
commensalism
47
Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin?
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
<p>Protista</p>
48
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
high-energy sugars
oxygen and high-energy sugars
oxygen
ATP and oxygen
49
The algae at the beginning of the food chain in the picture are
decomposers
producers
heterotrophs
consumers
50
Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Earth before the oceans formed?
an atmosphere of poisonous gases
bombardment by comets and asteroids
volcanic activity
an atmosphere containing oxygen gas
51
Which pair is correct?
M phase, cell growth
G1 phase, DNA replication
G2 phase, preparation for mitosis
S phase, cell division
52
According to Darwin's theory, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
variations best suited to the environment
the greatest number of offspring
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value
53
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
heterozygous
homozygous
dominant
hybrid
54
The main function of the cell wall is to
support and protect the cell
direct the activities of the cell
help the cell move
store DNA
55
What proportion of all species that have ever lived has become extinct?
less than 1 percent
100 percent
approximately one-half
more than 99 percent
56
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
57
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
58
Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants and animals are
autotrophs
producers
omnivores
decomposers
59
What is an organism that feeds only on plants called?
herbivore
carnivore
detritivore
omnivore
60
The structure labeled I in the figure is a thin, flexible barrier around a cell. It is the
cytoplasm
cell envelope
cell wall
cell membrane
61
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport
62
Which organelle breaks down food into particles the cell can use?
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
63
The two main types of fermentation are called
lactic acid and anaerobic
<p>aerobic and anaerobic</p>
alcoholic and lactic acid
alcoholic and aerobic
64
Green plants are
producers
consumers
omnivores
herbivores
65
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
66
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
12
6
24
3
67
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food
network
web
chain
interaction
68
A species that evolved into several different species that live in different ways has undergone
adaptive radiation
punctuated equilibrium
mass extinction
coevolution
69
Which shows the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simple to most complex?
cell, tissue, organ system
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
tissue, organ, organ system
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
70
Prokaryotes lack
genetic material
a nucleus
cytoplasm
a cell membrane
