Which of the following helps to explain the development of railroad transportation as depicted in the graph?

Distribution of federal government subsidies to railroad

Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth endorsed which of the following views?

Wealthy individuals have a duty to return their fortunes to society.

Throughout United States history, which of the following groups most typically opposed

Business executives concerned about economic growth

The People’s Party (Populist) advocated which of the following?

An increase in the money supply

Which of the following best explains a connection between the economic development of the West in the mid-1800s

In both periods, the he expansion and improvement of railroads facilitated

W. E. B. Du Bois differed in philosophy from Booker T. Washington in that Du Bois believed

African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality

Many American Indians of the 1890s responded to policies such as those of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School by

seeking to preserve their cultural and tribal identities

Which of the following had integration rather than Black separatism as a goal?

W.E.B. Du Bois and the Niagara movement

Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech?

The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson

Before moving to Chicago, the people described in the excerpt most likely were engaged in which of the following?

Sharecropping or tenant farming

Which of the following was true of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887

It eliminated most tribal land ownership in favor of ownership by

The People’s (Populist) Party emerged most directly in response to which of the following late-nineteenth-century

The growth of corporate power in agriculture and the economy

Which of the following developments best explains changes in agricultural production in the United States during the1880

New systems of transportation integrated farming into national markets.

The settlement pattern described in the excerpt was most similar to earlier settlement patterns in that it was

accompanied by conflict with American Indians over landownership

The major goal of the Social Gospel movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was to

draw the attention of Protestant churches to the plight of the urban poor

The conditions shown in the photograph emerged most directly as a result of which of the following?

The preference of factory owners for a cheap labor force

The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following?

Divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings.

After the Civil War, some businesspeople and newspaper editors such as the Atlanta Constitution promoted the new south

A mixed economy no longer primarily dependent on cash crops

The claims made by White and Hahn about United States policies toward American Indians in the late nineteenth century

Federal officials desired to encourage the adoption of White American

Supporters of the ideas expressed in the image would most likely have favored

government regulation of public utilities

The cartoonist most likely supported

government policies favoring corporations

Which of the following developments in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries most directly represented

The consolidation of corporations into large trusts and holding companies

Which of the following most directly affected the lives of the late-nineteenth-century workers?

Political machines that provided social services in exchange for votes

Which of the following contributed to reducing the conflict that article 11 and similar provisions of other treaties

The destruction of nearly the entire population of buffalo

The discussion of economic neutrality featured in the excerpt is best situated within which of the following

Rising support for laissez-faire economic policies

The Ghost Dance was an American Indian religious movement associated with

distress over loss of tribal autonomy

Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?

It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations.

Which of the following was a primary cause of the developments depicted on the map?

Federal subsidies encouraged the growth of infrastructure.

People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the

A stronger government role in the economic system

The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman’s

cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents

Which of the following developments best explains the reasons for the growth of a new urban culture in the late

International and internal migration increased urban populations

William Jennings Bryan’s “Cross of Gold” oration was primarily an expression of his

advocacy of free and unlimited coinage of silver

Which of the following was a result of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887

American Indians lost control of millions of acres of land

The Ghost Dance, a religious movement that developed in the late nineteenth century, emerged from which of the

American Indians’ distress over loss of tribal authority

The developments described in the excerpt most directly led to which of the following?

Episodes of violent conflict between the United States

The practices of big-business leaders in the late 1800s best reflect which of the following actions illustrated by the

Big-business leaders used their influence to facilitate rapid economic

The fulfillment of advice such as that in the excerpt most directly contributed to which of the following in the late

Competition for resources among White settlers and American

studbud

unit 6

186 termsStudBud Administration

Imported from external platform

Flashcards186 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 186

Answers

1
These sentiments are most characteristic of
pragmatism
transcendentalism
the Gospel of Wealth
2
Which of the following helps to explain the development of railroad transportation as depicted in the graph?
Increase of competition between different railroad
Growth of support from farmers for the business practices
Forced relocation of American Indians to work as railroad
Distribution of federal government subsidies to railroad
3
The quote above is an example of which of the following schools of thought?
Utopian socialism
Social Darwinism
Dialectical materialism
4
Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth endorsed which of the following views?
Wealthy individuals have a duty to return their fortunes to society.
Major industries should be nationalized to ensure equitable
Trusts and combinations were desirable because they guaranteed
5
In the last half of the nineteenth century, the New South advocates supported
expansion of southern industry
elimination of convict leasing
elimination of Jim Crow segregation
creation of a southern literature critical
6
At the end of the nineteenth century, the desire of American business to control supplies of raw materials led to
vertical integration
development of the factory system
horizontal integration
automation of industry
7
Throughout United States history, which of the following groups most typically opposed
Advocates for greater economic equality
Business executives concerned about economic growth
Urban political leaders
Members of organized labor unions
8
The People’s Party (Populist) advocated which of the following?
An increase in the money supply
A decrease in agricultural production
Support for civil rights legislation
9
Which of the following best explains a connection between the economic development of the West in the mid-1800s
In both periods, the he expansion and improvement of railroads facilitated
In both periods, the he West offered a large existing labor force eager for
In both periods, the he federal government encouraged immigrants from
In both periods, the he end of conflicts with American Indians encouraged
10
W. E. B. Du Bois differed in philosophy from Booker T. Washington in that Du Bois believed
job training was ultimately more important than formal education
economic success would lead to political equality
African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality
civil rights would come through local efforts rather than national
11
Many American Indians of the 1890s responded to policies such as those of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School by
seeking to preserve their cultural and tribal identities
migrating to unsettled territories
creating new political organizations
engaging in large-scale armed resistance
12
Which of the following had integration rather than Black separatism as a goal?
Stokely Carmichael and the Black Power movement
Marcus Garvey and the Back-to-Africa movement
Elijah Muhammad and the Black Muslim movement
W.E.B. Du Bois and the Niagara movement
13
From the 1880’s to the beginning of the New Deal, the dominant American Indian policy of the United Stated government
encourage American Indians to preserve their languages and religions
strengthen traditional tribal authority
relocate all American Indians to the Oklahoma territory
break up tribal landholdings
14
Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech?
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
The United States rejection of membership in the League of Nations
The Great Migration of African Americans out of the South in the 1910s
Support for assimilationist policies in the 1880s and 1890s
15
Before moving to Chicago, the people described in the excerpt most likely were engaged in which of the following?
Gang labor on the railways
Sharecropping or tenant farming
Manufacturing in urban factories
Mining and other extractive industries
16
In the late nineteenth-century United States, farmers sought federal relief from distress caused by
inflationary monetary policies
discriminatory freight rates
low tariffs
natural disasters
17
Which of the following was true of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
It led directly to the Battle of Wounded Knee.
It created American Indian reservations for the first time.
It eliminated most tribal land ownership in favor of ownership by
It was intended to recognize the contributions of American Indian peoples.
18
The statement above expressed the ideas of
W. E. B. Du Bois
Sojourner Truth
Booker T. Washington
19
The People’s (Populist) Party emerged most directly in response to which of the following late-nineteenth-century
The growth of corporate power in agriculture and the economy
The development of political machines
The influx of migrants from Asia and southern and Eastern Europe
The efforts of businesses to gain control over markets and resources abroad
20
Which of the following developments best explains changes in agricultural production in the United States during the1880
Farmers established new plantations for commercial crops such as cotton
The Civil War devastated farms in large portions of the South.
New systems of transportation integrated farming into national markets.
Commercial farms increasingly relied on labor provided by immigrants
21
The settlement pattern described in the excerpt was most similar to earlier settlement patterns in that it was
motivated largely by the desire to expand Protestant Christianity
the source of political divisions over the expansion of slavery
accompanied by conflict with American Indians over landownership
discouraged by the federal government through legislation
22
The major goal of the Social Gospel movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was to
draw the attention of Protestant churches to the plight of the urban poor
encourage support for Charles Darwin’s theory of biological evolution
send missionaries to convert American Indians to Protestantism
23
The majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States between 1821 and 1880 settled in the
Midwest and Northeast
West and Midwest
South and Midwest
24
The conditions shown in the photograph emerged most directly as a result of which of the following?
The preference of factory owners for a cheap labor force
Overpopulation that forced farming families
The movement to promote child labor to instill
25
The quotation above is an example of
The Gospel of Wealth
existentialism
transcendentalism
26
The ideas expressed in the image are most likely a reaction to the
rise of big business
United States expansion into the West
abolition of slavery
27
The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following?
Set up the reservation system.
Divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings.
Granted immediate citizenship to Native Americans.
Promoted the preservation of Native American cultural identity.
28
After the Civil War, some businesspeople and newspaper editors such as the Atlanta Constitution promoted the new south
An industrial region whose economic mainstays would be the mining,smelting
An agricultural region of large plantations growing cotton, tobacco
An agricultural region consisting of small farms focused on growing food
A mixed economy no longer primarily dependent on cash crops
29
The claims made by White and Hahn about United States policies toward American Indians in the late nineteenth century
Federal officials desired to encourage the adoption of White American
The federal government sought to grant members of American
The United States wanted to force American Indians to provide labor
The United States Congress saw treaties as the best way to promote
30
Supporters of the ideas expressed in the image would most likely have favored
government regulation of public utilities
the rapid industrialization of the West
laissez-faire economic policies
31
The cartoonist most likely supported
reform of local government
redistribution of wealth
women’s political equality
government policies favoring corporations
32
Which of the following developments in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries most directly represented
The growth of international immigration to the United States
The organization of workers into local and national unions
The expansion of sharecropping and tenant farming in the South
The consolidation of corporations into large trusts and holding companies
33
Which of the following most directly affected the lives of the late-nineteenth-century workers?
Alternative visions of a good society offered through utopianism
Political machines that provided social services in exchange for votes
Groups that advocated for women’s voting rights
Widespread movement to suburban neighborhoods
34
Which of the following contributed to reducing the conflict that article 11 and similar provisions of other treaties
The implementation of government conservation policies that protected
The rerouting of several major railroads to avoid tribal lands
A decrease in the number of White settlers traveling near reservations
The destruction of nearly the entire population of buffalo
35
The discussion of economic neutrality featured in the excerpt is best situated within which of the following
Continued restrictions on the organization of labor
Decreased industrial output following economic crises
Rising support for laissez-faire economic policies
36
The Ghost Dance was an American Indian religious movement associated with
distress over loss of tribal autonomy
the outbreak of King Philip’s War
the Pueblo Revolt
an American Indian victory at Little Bighorn
37
Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
It quickly limited the number of mergers taking place.
It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations.
It led to federal control of the railroads.
38
Which of the following was a primary cause of the developments depicted on the map?
Southern states encouraged former slaves to seek employment
American Indians voluntarily relocated to centralized settlements
Federal subsidies encouraged the growth of infrastructure.
39
People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the
Reduced government involvement in the economy in order
A stronger government role in the economic system
Continuation of the gold standard as the basis for money
Separate but equal segregated facilities to increase job opportunities
40
The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman’s
introduction of scrip in part of payment wages
cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
dismissal of union workers
41
Immigrants to the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century came primarily from
European farms and villages
middle-class backgrounds
Latin America
42
The excerpts above appeared in the platform of which of the following political parties?
Populist Party
American Party
Greenback Labor Party
43
Which of the following developments best explains the reasons for the growth of a new urban culture in the late
Ideas and definitions of citizenship changed and became more inclusive.
International and internal migration increased urban populations
Increasing numbers of settlers moved west in search of land and economic
44
William Jennings Bryan’s “Cross of Gold” oration was primarily an expression of his
advocacy of free and unlimited coinage of silver
fundamentalist religious beliefs
neutral stance toward the belligerents of the First World War
45
Which of the following was a result of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
It encouraged cooperative landownership among American Indians.
Most American Indians were relocated to the west of the Mississippi.
American Indians in the West led attacks on United States forts.
American Indians lost control of millions of acres of land
46
The Ghost Dance, a religious movement that developed in the late nineteenth century, emerged from which of the
African Americans’ efforts to cope with Jim Crow laws
Western migrants’ nostalgia for life in the East
American Indians’ distress over loss of tribal authority
Southern White peoples’ reactions to their loss of authority
47
The developments described in the excerpt most directly led to which of the following?
Episodes of violent conflict between the United States
The removal of American Indians by Andrew Jackson’s
The large-scale migration of Plains Indians north
48
Which of the following was NOT characteristic of immigrants in the late nineteenth century?
They were predominately from southern
They were primarily unskilled laborers.
They were mainly female.
49
A prominent leader in promoting the settlement house movement was
Jane Addams
Carry Nation
Alice Paul
50
The practices of big-business leaders in the late 1800s best reflect which of the following actions illustrated by the
Big-business leaders misused most of the money that they inherited
Big-business leaders used their influence to facilitate rapid economic
Big-business leaders cared little about the working conditions for
Big-business leaders supported government efforts to lessen the effects
51
The fulfillment of advice such as that in the excerpt most directly contributed to which of the following in the late
Competition for resources among White settlers and American
The outbreak of war with Mexico over control of territory
The economic decline and depopulation of eastern cities
Restrictions on immigration from eastern and southern Europe
52
Which of the following was a long-term development that contributed to the change in Chinese immigration
Chinese immigrants filled most of the factory job
Chinese laborers competed with White laborers for jobs
Chinese recruits were used to replace White soldiers
53
The cartoon above is a commentary on late-nineteenth-century
municipal corruption
labor unrest
imperialism
54
The economy described in the speech is most similar to the economy in which of the following decades?
1930
1910
1960
1950
55
Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT
form a third political party
seek state regulation of railways
organize cooperative marketing societies
limit production of crops
56
Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth was based on the belief that wealthy industrialists should use their wealth to
finance philanthropic endeavors
create new businesses
acquire additional landholdings in the West
57
Which of the following pieces of historical evidence would support the overall argument in the excerpt?
Political factionalism among Irish voters in Boston
The Democratic political machine in San Francisco failed to gain a majority
People of Irish descent in New York City registered
58
Which of the following describes a similarity between Washington’s and Pillow’s arguments in the excerpts?
Both argue that hiring immigrant workers would be
Both hold that plantation owners exhibit hostility
Both believe that southern progress and prosperity
59
Which of the following was a response to both immigration in the 1850s and the immigration depicted in the graph
Nativists advocated against the continued arrival of immigrants.
Immigrants were restricted from gaining the right to vote in elections.
Immigrants were provided social support in settlement houses.
60
The excerpt best serves as evidence for which of the following developments in the late 1800s?
The emergence of arguments that wealthy people had a moral
The impact of the construction of transcontinental railroads
The growing support for labor unions among the owners
61
Which of the following most directly led to the changes described in the excerpt?
Technological innovations in the production of goods
The economic hardship resulting from years of civil war
The end of the apprenticeship system in craft work
Innovative uses of photography to achieve social change
62
The “temporary unequal distribution of wealth” that Carnegie refers to in the excerpt resulted most directly from the
growth of cities in both size and number
efforts by workers to organize local and national unions
government policy of reducing tariffs to promote free trade
consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies
63
Which of the following was true of the settlement house workers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth
They devised programs that departed radically from those of English
They established settlement houses in middle-class environments.
They included large numbers of middle-class, college-educated women.
64
All of the following were objectives of W.E.B. DuBois EXCEPT
the total enfranchisement of all eligible Black citizens
the implementation of Booker T. Washington’s program for Black progress
the establishment of an organization to seek legal redress of Black anger
the establishment of Black political power
65
Which of the following ideas was most often used to justify the success and wealth of those like Vanderbilt?
Imperialism
Preservationism
The Social Gospel
Social Darwinism
66
Which of the following pieces of historical evidence would best modify the claim in the last paragraph of the
Radical Republicans passed a law that allowed for federal
Many members of Congress sought to restrict the ability
Some Democratic political machines continued
67
Which of the following can best be concluded about the late 1800s based on the situation in which the excerpt was
Politicians argued about whether to increase taxes
Industrialists focused on establishing international
People debated the best means for expanding educational
68
From the 1880s to the New Deal, the dominant United States government policy toward American Indians was to
encourage migration to Canada
strengthen tribal authority
assimilate them into White culture
relocate all tribes to Oklahoma
69
The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized
all industrial and agricultural workers in “one big union”
skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains
unskilled workers along industrial lines
70
Which of the following policies would Carnegie most likely have supported?
The use of federal power to redistribute wealth
Laissez-faire economics
Government creation of jobs for unemployed people
Increased regulation of corporations
71
During the late nineteenth century, members of which of the following groups were most likely to advocate
Educated middle-class women
Scandinavian immigrants
African Americans leaders
72
The point of view expressed in the excerpt could best be used to support which of the following historical
Manufacturing workers blamed business leaders for
Labor union organizers championed alternatives
Reformers sought to use religion to reduce discord between
73
Which of the following contexts best explains the construction of transcontinental railroads in the late 1800s?
Conflicts between the North and the South
Reconstruction policies allowed freedom of movement
Large-scale industrial production brought business consolidation
Westward migration created consumer demand for a
74
Which of the following developments helps to explain the change in agriculture depicted in the graph?
The extraction of western resources led to the growth of new
Increased migration from the West for industrial jobs in eastern
Farmers’ cooperative organizations reduced consolidation in the
The growth of an internal slave trade provided an enlarged
75
All of the following contributed to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the nineteenth century exept
excessively cold winters
federal recognition of American Indian land claims
production of crops for distant markets
a drop in cattle prices at stockyards
76
The excerpt best reflects which of the following economic developments in the late 1800s?
The end of federal support for transportation infrastructure projects
The spread of technological innovations in agricultural production
The consolidation of power over the economy by business leaders
The growth in support for government regulation of the economy
77
Which of the following was typical of agreements such as the Fort Laramie Treaty between the United States government
They usually lasted a short time before being broken by settlers
They generally led to the formation of strong, independent
They frequently led to the formation of a common interest between
They led to the abandonment of most reservations as America
78
Activists formed the Populist Party most directly in response to the
emergence of concerns about abuses of the environment
growth of corporate power in agriculture and economic instability
development of reform movements inspired
79
The union membership card pictured above is designed to accomplish which of the following?
Link union membership with patriotic and religious images
Assure the public that strikes and walkouts were not part of union policy
Encourage United States workers to unite against foreign competition
80
Which of the following was a long-term result of the developments described in the excerpt?
The creation of farmers’ groups to resist corporate control
A conflict with Great Britain over the northern border of the United States
A large-scale African American migration to the region
The growth of political tensions between the United States and Mexico
81
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, southern state governments used all of the following
Jim Crow laws
restrictive housing covenants
literacy tests
poll taxes
82
Based on their claims in the excerpts, Washington and Pillow would most likely have taken different positions on
Can African Americans continue to be employed in agricultural work?
Should immigrants be used to diversify the southern industrial labor force?
Can wealthy plantation owners promote progress in the South?
83
All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the “new immigrants” of the late nineteenth century
were willing to work for lower wages than were native-born workers
practiced different religions
dominate the professions of law, medicine, and engineering
84
Which of the following most accurately describes a group who acted on ideas such as those in the excerpt?
Southern European immigrants seeking opportunity in urban areas
Activists calling for preservation of the western wilderness
Northern European immigrants pursuing mining, farming, and ranching
Business leaders planning to promote philanthropy
85
According to historian Frederick Jackson Turner, a key factor in the development of American individualism and democracy
transcendentalism
the frontier
the American Revolution
Puritan theology
86
The author of the statement above was
an African American journalist in the 1890s
a White segregationist in the 1910s
a Scalawag in the 1870s
87
Lease’s views best reflect the influence of which of the following developments in social and political movements
Rising grassroots challenges to the dominant economic system
Greater support for corporate power in agriculture
Increased calls for radical overthrow of the federal government
88
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) did which of the following
Denounced business combinations in restraint of trade.
Sanctioned separate but equal public facilities for African Americans.
89
The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following?
Upheld segregated railroad facilities.
Declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional.
Upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections.
90
The cartoon suggests that the disparate groups that favored the People’s (Populist) Party typically shared which of
Belief in a stronger federal government role in the
Advocacy of individual rights
Support for United States expansionism
The idea that wealthy people had some obligation
91
Which of the following best accounts for the curve on the graph above depicting immigration to the United States
Immigration to less-settled areas of the world
Restrictive congressional legislation
Rapid expansion of the British Empire into the Southern Hemisphere
92
Evidence in the excerpt can best be used to support which of the following arguments about the historical situation
Some elite Southerners opposed the growth of sharecropping.
Elections in the South were more democratic than in the North.
Northern politicians hindered the economic recovery of the South.
Some Southern leaders promoted industrialization as progress.
93
Which of the following best explains a connection between the economic productivity of the United States in the
Labor unions sought to improve conditions in factories
The application of new technologies expanded large-scale
The use of sharecropping in the South expanded
94
By the 1870s, which of the following most reflected the continuation of the trend depicted on the maps?
The development and use of the cotton gin in the South
The purchase of automobiles by most households in the United States
The extension of electrical power to most homes in the United States
The completion of transcontinental railroads
95
Settlement house work as described by Muncy had the most in common with women’s activism during which of the
The Protestant evangelism of the mid-1700s
The decade leading up to the American Revolution
The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s
96
Although the Sherman Antitrust Act was originally intended to inhibit the growth of business monopolies, courts
urban political machines
public schools
labor unions
97
Which of the following labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of “bread and butter” unionism
The Knights of Labor
The Molly Maguires
The American Federation of Labor
The Industrial Workers of the World
98
Which of the following later developments had an effect most similar to that described in the excerpt?
The invention of the mechanical reaper in the 1830s
The completion of the first transcontinental railroad in the 1860s
The growth of political party competition in the 1850s
The annexation of Texas in the 1840s
99
The image was created most directly in response to the
consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies
provision of government subsidies for transportation
rampant consumerism of the middle class
increased migration of people from southern and Eastern Europe
100
Access to natural resources for businesses changed from the mid-1800s to the late 1800s most directly as a result of
The invention of the automobile and the building of highways
The emergence of new scientific theories such as evolution
The expansion of communication systems such as the electric telegraph
The establishment of national parks for wilderness preservation
101
During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, farmers complained about all of the following EXCEPT
rising commodity prices
high storage costs
high interest charges
high freight rates
102
Which of the following best describes the main idea of Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth?
Wealthy individuals should use their wealth for social
Privately held wealth should be handed over to the government
Parents have an obligation to pass on their wealth
103
The conditions described in the excerpt most directly contributed to the
decrease in tariffs for manufactured goods
expansion of government regulation of industry
loss of class distinctions in the United States
growth of an organized labor movement
104
Which of the following contributed most to the process described in the excerpt?
Legislation that facilitated the distribution of western land
The building of new roads and canals
The industrialization of urban areas in the Northeast
Increased immigration from eastern Europe
105
The foreign policy ideas in the excerpt are best explained by which of the following nineteenth-century
A response to changing immigration patterns
An attempt to end Reconstruction policies
A reaction to expanding United States economic activity
106
Industrialists such as Pullman would most likely oppose which of the following developments?
Demands by women to enter the workforce in clerical positions
Attempts by business owners to merge companies into large trusts
Efforts by workers to collectively negotiate for better working conditions
Decisions by the federal government to enact laissez-faire policies
107
The ideas expressed in the image contributed most directly to which of the following later political movements?
Progressivism
Populism
Nativism
108
Which of the following was a difference between the immigration from 1865 to 1895 depicted in the graph and
More immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s sought factory work
More immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s arrived with
Immigration was a main source of agricultural labor in the Southern
109
Members of which of the following groups were most likely to support the Populist Party?
Industrialists in the Midwest
Chinese railroad workers from the West
Sharecroppers from the South
110
Which of the following statements about woman suffrage is true?
No state granted woman suffrage before 1900.
The only states with complete woman suffrage before 1900 were west
Women suffrage was introduced in the South during Radical Reconstruction.
111
During the late nineteenth century, politicians such as the one depicted in the image most likely would have
Granting American Indians full citizenship and voting rights
Calls for reforms to local and state governments
The expansion of the transcontinental railroad system
Social services provided to immigrants by local politicians
112
Which of the following describes Stanton’s argument in the excerpt?
Educational opportunities for women should be directed toward
Federal laws should be passed to protect female workers from unsafe
The inherent natural rights of women should be respected
113
Which of the following constitutes a significant change in the treatment of American Indians during the last half of
The abandonment of the reservation system
The beginnings of negotiations with individual tribes
The start of a removal policy
The division of the tribal lands among individual members
114
Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the
Its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen
Its policy of racial inclusiveness
Its organization of all workers within a single industry into one union
115
Which of the following was LEAST involved in the struggle for women’s rights?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Dorothea Dix
Lucretia Mott
116
In his Atlanta Compromise speech, Booker T. Washington called for which of the following?
Support for African American self-help
An end to racial segregation
African American voting rights
Educational equality for African Americans
117
Which of the following arguments about society during the Gilded Age could Gladden’s purpose in the excerpt best
Advocates of the Social Gospel emphasized putting religious
Socialists became the most prominent leaders of religious
Religious leaders advocated withdrawal from society
118
Which of the following historical contexts contributed most directly to the diplomatic development represented in
The extension of United States influence into the Pacific
The declining influence of European powers in East Asia
The enforcement of Supreme Court rulings on segregation
119
The situation depicted in the image contributed most immediately to
businesses seeking control over markets and resources outside
efforts by southern leaders to achieve industrial development
the organization of new labor unions to confront managerial power
120
The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to
assimilate American Indians into the mainstream of American culture
recognize and preserve the tribal cultures of American Indians
legally establish the communal nature of American Indian landholding
restore to American Indians land seized unjustly
121
The passage above was most effectively used for which purpose in the late nineteenth century?
Restricting the power of monopolies and trusts
Limiting the power of labor unions
Supporting the goals of Social Darwinists
122
Which of the following was true of the American labor movement in the late nineteenth century?
It was confined to factory workers.
It was controlled by immigrant socialists and anarchists.
It was involved in a number of violent strikes.
123
The ideas of the Populist Party, as expressed in the excerpt, had the most in common with the ideas of the
Whigs in the 1830s
Federalists in the 1790s
Progressive movement
124
Which of the following developments helps to explain the rise in exports from the West Coast depicted in the
A reduction in labor strikes led to more regular and efficient
The growth of western United States settlements led to increased
The decline in bison populations created higher demand for fruit
An expansion in the railroad network led to greater access
125
All of the following are true of railroad expansion in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that it
led to new managerial forms and techniques
was financed by private corporations without government assistance
accelerated the growth of some older cities and created new ones
opened new territories to commercial agriculture
126
Taylor’s ideas expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly in response to which of the following developments
The need for rebuilding infrastructure after the Civil War
The rise of industrial capitalism
An increase in the standard of living
127
Which of the following is one important continuity in urban life in the United States throughout the nineteenth
Anarchism and similar radical ideologies attracted many workers.
Immigrants formed an important part of the manufacturing workforce.
Workers and employers consistently maintained amicable relationships.
Settlement houses assisted immigrants with adapting to life in the
128
The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the
Strengthened the position of big business.
Strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government.
Strengthened the position of organized labor.
129
Which of the following pieces of historical evidence would best modify the overall argument of the excerpt?
Political machines engaged in active campaigns
Some urban areas with large Irish populations
Irish people received a significant percen
130
Which of the following most directly contributed to the overall trend depicted in the graph?
Progressive Era reforms of social conditions in the United States
Global fluctuations in credit and stock markets
The transformation of the United States into an industrial society
131
The excerpt best reflects which of the following economic developments in the late 1800s?
The rise in demand for immigrant labor in factories
The increase in wealth inequality in United States society
The political advocacy for seeking overseas markets
The reduction in conflict between managers and workers
132
The historical situation described in the excerpt could best be used by historians to study which of the following?
The impact of westward expansion on agricultural laborers
The ways in which standards of living changed during the late nineteenth
The migration of African Americans out of the South during the early
133
Which of the following groups included the passage above in its platform?
American Federation of Labor
Union-Labor Party
People’s Party (Populists)
134
Which of the following would have been most likely to support the sentiments expressed by Addams in the excerpt?
Settlement house workers
Machine politicians
Southern Democrats
Know-Nothings
135
Pratt’s arguments in the excerpt in support of his school for American Indians had most in common with the
Some social reformers in the later 1800s who founded settlement houses
Business leaders in the later 1800s who maintained that laissez-faire
African American activists in the early 1900s who advocated
136
In the three decades following the Civil War, the policies of the Republican Party generally favored
southern agricultural interests
northern industrial interests
the interests of laborers
137
Which of the following was true of the South in the post–Civil War period?
Big business and railroads came to dominate the Southern economy
Landowners widely adopted sharecropping and tenant farming.
A large immigrant population moved to the region.
138
Progressive reformers rejected Social Darwinism because they believed that
personal development was influenced solely by hereditary factors
all races were equal in ability
conflict and competition did not necessarily improve society
139
Which of the following movements expressed ideas most similar to the ideas expressed in the excerpt?
Abolitionism in the 1830s and 1840s
Nativism in the 1840s and 1850s
Populism in the 1890s and early 1900s
140
Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the excerpt?
The industrialization of some segments of the southern economy
The efforts by some Progressive Era reformers to expand democracy
The advocacy of organizations such as the National Association of Colored
The requirement in many states at the time that citizens pay a tax before
141
Which of the following is a similarity between White’s and Hahn’s overall arguments in the excerpts about interactions
Both claim that United States officials sought to restrict the authority
Both contend that new United States laws caused American Indians
Both argue that the United States government desired to recognize
Both assert that American Indian community connections strengthened because
142
Which of the following is a difference between White’s and Hahn’s claims in the excerpts about how American Indian
White argues that federal supervision of American Indians decreased,
White claims that reservations reduced American Indian autonomy from the
White contends that American Indians retained possession
White asserts that American Indians came to be governed directly
143
The Supreme Court decision on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka essentially reversed which of the following
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Marbury v. Madison
Roe v. Wade
144
City bosses and urban political machines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries did which of the
They encouraged racial integration of residential neighborhoods.
They enabled the urban middle class to participate
They provided some welfare for poor immigrants
145
Which of the following best describes the overarching goals of the Populist Party in the late nineteenth century?
Establishment of a transcontinental network of trains and the improvement
Cooperative democracy and a stronger governmental
Expansion of United States influence in Central America
146
Which of the following explains a development after 1865 that most immediately contributed to the historical
The gathering of the Seneca Falls Convention led to increased
The expansion of educational opportunities fostered frustration about
The spread of evangelical religious revivals encouraged advocacy
147
The method of mass production that developed during the nineteenth century was a process that
relied on the use of power-driven machinery
utilized wireless communications to improve efficiency
gave workers greater autonomy, less supervision,
148
The developments depicted on the map most strongly affected American Indians by
encouraging the federal government to recognize American
increasing armed conflict with United States citizens
promoting economic growth through new lines of trade
149
The era from the end of the Civil War to the outbreak of the First World War was characterized by
uninterrupted economic growth
periodic economic panic and depression
a sluggish economy except during
150
Women working in settlement houses such as Hull House initially sought to help
formerly enslaved men and women adjust to life after slavery
farmers fight unfair banking practices
immigrants adapt to American customs and language
151
Which of the following groups would most likely have agreed with the argument presented in the excerpt?
Social Darwinism advocates
Corporate leaders
Settlement house workers
152
Which of the following describes a difference between Washington’s and Pillow’s arguments in the excerpts?
Pillow proposes that immigrant laborers should be recruited
Washington asserts that there should be biracial cooperation
Pillow advocates against labor strikes by southern agricultural
153
African Americans who fled the violence of the Reconstruction South in 1879 and 1880 start a new in Kansas were known as
homesteaders
the Colored Farmers’ National Alliance
exodusters
scalawag
154
Which of the following arguments about Southern society in the late 1800s could the excerpt’s point of view best be
Southern politicians promoted economic integration with the
Southern migrants believed the Northern factories offered
Southern farmers desired to adopt cotton sharecropping.
Southern African Americans secured new constitutional
155
Settlement house workers of the late nineteenth century would most likely have engaged in all of the following
offering literacy and language classes for immigrants
establishing day nurseries for working mothers
organizing women workers into labor unions
156
The conflict between the Sioux nation and the United States was primarily driven by differing
claims to land
family structures
styles of farming
forms of government
157
The “Atlanta Compromise” is the name given to the
proposal that African Americans emphasize making economic progress over
southern agreement to supply raw materials to the North and West
political deal made by northern Republicans and southern Democrats
political concessions southern White politicians made to African
158
The chart above supports which of the following conclusions regarding economic conditions
Wheat farming became more lucrative.
Many American farmers struggled financially.
Americans with relatively stable incomes found it increasingly
Cheap foreign goods were the primary cause for
159
In the period 1890–1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT:
African American leaders disagreed on the principal
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Voting rights previously gained were denied through
160
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the formation of labor unions was often a response to
the large numbers of immigrants working in factories
federal protection of workers’ rights to organize
low wages and dangerous conditions in industrial work
161
The developments depicted on the map most directly contributed to the
passage of federal legislation to protect endangered species
decline of sharecropping in the Southeast
heightening of nativist feelings against foreign-born
162
The image was created most directly in response to
the power gained by urban political machines
social reform efforts by settlement-house workers
poll taxes and literacy tests that blocked African Americans from voting
the exclusion of women from voting
163
In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, American agriculture was characterized by
an increase in wholesale prices for farm products
a decline in the number of tenant farmers
a decline in foreclosures on midwestern farms
an increase in acres under civilization
164
Which of the following groups would have most likely opposed the perspective expressed in the image?
American Indians
Farmers
industrialist
Factory workers
165
Irish people received a significant percen
Roman Catholic immigrants
Black northerners
Southern Protestant farmers
166
The point of view of the excerpt could best be used by a historian to support the claim that the concept of the New
represented a continuation of previous Southern uses of labor
responded to the economic demands of tenant farmers
embodied the embrace of Northern models of society
fulfilled the goals of racial equality in the Reconstruction
167
Which of the following groups of people would have been most likely to oppose Taylor’s management ideas?
Factory workers
Owners of large businesses
Tenant farmers
168
Prior to the 1890s, people like those depicted in the image were most likely to receive assistance from
federal regulations to prevent discrimination by banks and landlords
urban political machines seeking to win voters’ support
government campaigns to provide electricity to households
169
Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the Populist Party?
Sharecroppers
Industrialists
Immigrants
Bankers
170
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which of the following was the principal public opponent of
Booker T. Washington
Theodore Roosevelt
Robert M. La Follette
Ida B. Wells
171
Frederick Jackson Turner’s theory emphasized the significance of the frontier for all of the following reasons
The western frontier had land that could be distributed to former slaves.
An open frontier led to the development of the unique American
Free land promoted freedom of opportunity on the frontier.
The frontier helped establish democratic institutions.
172
Article 6 of the treaty most likely reflected which of the following sentiments?
A need felt by many American Indians to more clearly
A hope held by some in government that American Indians would adopt
A desire by many American Indians to change their way of life
A wish by some in government to protect American
173
Which of the following changes to the United States during the nineteenth century most directly contributed to the
The dismantling of the national bank
The rise of the People’s (Populist) Party
The rapid growth of cities
The acquisition of territory in the West
174
Which of the following groups would most likely agree with the quote above?
Railroad executives
Urban workers
Midwestern farmers
175
The creation of libraries in the late 1800s as described in the excerpt best reflects which of the following
Challenges to the system of settlement houses in major cities
Efforts to provide formerly enslaved people with education
Attempts to provide opportunities for people to fill their leisure time
176
Industrialists most likely created company-owned towns like the one described in the excerpt because they wanted
promote a racially diverse community
create a more productive workforce
provide a place for Native Americans to assimilate
177
Which of the following pairs of immigrant groups were most prominent in the construction of the first
Irish and Japanese
Chinese and Irish
Chinese and Japanese
Italians and Irish
178
Which of the following was a historical context for the development depicted in the image?
The resettlement of Mormons escaping religious persecution
The arrival of new immigrants in the United States
The migration of farmers fleeing dust storms
179
Jane Addams began the settlement house movement with her Hull House in Chicago, which provided social
immigrants
alcoholics
single mothers
180
Which of the following arguments did some late-nineteenth-century leaders use to justify the situation depicted in
The federal government provided social welfare services
Immigrant workers contributed to economic growth
Evolutionary principles determined that people succeeded
181
In the speech, Lease was reacting primarily to the problems faced by which of the following groups?
Southern European migrants
Bankers
Farmers
182
In its report for 1890, the United States Census Bureau indicated that
infant mortality was no longer a serious problem
the American frontier could no longer be distinguished
industrialization was closing the gap in wealth between rich and poor
the United States had more Catholics than Protestants
183
Americans advocating the ideas expressed in the passage above would be most accurately described as
transcendentalists
Social Darwinists
Populists
184
Which of the following arguments about the United States economy during the Gilded Age could the historical
The spread of the industrial economy helped to increase
The increased adoption of the division of labor harmed
Economic changes produced debates over how to organize
185
Which of the following most directly supports Blight’s argument in the excerpt?
The emergence of the first national civil rights organizations
The industrialization of some segments of the southern
The election of seventeen African Americans to Congress
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson
186
The perspective expressed in the excerpt most directly supported the national expansion of
access to higher education
exams for civil service jobs
vocational job training
financial aid for college

unit 6 Flashcards | StudBud