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Biology Final Exam Review Part 2 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology Final Exam Review Part 2
Biology Final Exam Review Part 2
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1
Which of the following is NOT a piece of evidence for evolution?
analogous structures...different structures, same function
biogeography...location of life on Earth
homologous structures...same structure, different function
fossils...record of life once on Earth
2
The liver serves a detoxification center in the body. Which organelle is common in it?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
ribosome
vacuole
3
In multicellular organisms, how do cells become specialized if they contain the same DNA?
They go through mitosis.
They differentiate by turning specific genes off.
They go through apoptosis.
They delete segments of DNA in specific cells.
4
What is the minimum number of alleles that are needed to code for a trait?
4
1
3
2
5
DNA nucleotide sequences in a gene code for proteins, so how are proteins related to traits?
Traits appear through RNA while protein appears through DNA.
They are not related.
Traits and proteins are inherited.
The proteins produced in someone reveal their traits.
6
What is one way that humans can help protect biodiversity in ecosystems?
overhunting
deforestation
introducing non-native species into ecosystems
conservation
7
DNA is different from RNA because DNA is
double-stranded and contains deoxyribose.
double-stranded and contains uracil.
single-stranded and contains thymine.
single-stranded and contains deoxyribose.
8
What do insertion and deletion mutations often cause in DNA sequences?
translocations
inversions
frameshifts
substitutions
9
How does natural selection enable evolution?
All life can adapt if it wants to survive.
The most fit individuals survive & reproduce the most often.
Mother Nature chooses which organisms will survive.
Acquired traits that are beneficial are passed to offspring.
10
If the producers have 5000 kcal of energy, ______ kcal are passed to the primary consumers.
10
500
10%
50
11
If
R
is "round" and
r
is "wrinkled", what percentage of offspring are expected to be round?
100%
25%
50%
75%
12
Which of the following macromolecules is correctly paired with its building block?
lipids...saturated fats
nucleic acids...nitrogen bases
carbohydrates...polysaccharides
proteins...amino acids
13
Based on the graph below, how is this trait controlled since there are so many outcomes?
by incomplete dominance
by many genes (polygenic)
by codominance
by multiple alleles
14
Mutated genes that are not harmless most often result in...
inherited disease.
stage IV cancer.
nondisjunction.
a protein that is not made correctly.
15
The endosymbiotic theory explains that
eukaryotic cells arose from prokaryotic cells.
viruses evolved into bacteria.
multicellular prokaryotes formed first.
eukaryotic cells spontaneously-generated.
16
When organisms were first classified, DNA had not been discovered, so how were they classified?
using similarities in appearance
using RNA sequences
using protein sequences
using fossils
17
How does the DNA in a skin cell compare to the DNA in a brain cell in the same person?
The DNA is mutated in one of the cells.
The DNA is alive in both cells.
The DNA has a different sequence.
The DNA is the same sequence.
18
Which of the following breaks down glucose to make ATP?
nucleus
ribosomes
mitochondria
chloroplast
19
Why is pure water misted onto produce at the grocery store?
to create a seal around the produce
to make water go into the produce cells
to cause plasmolysis
to prevent water from diffusing out of the produce cells
20
Freckles is dominant trait. What is the phenotypic ratio for offspring from two hybrid parents?
2 freckled : 1 nonfreckled
1 freckled : 1 nonfreckled
1 freckled : 2 partially freckled : 1 nonfreckled
3 freckled : 1 nonfreckled
