After the AHG test was performed, IgG-sensitized red cells gave a 3+ reaction. What caused it?

Antihuman globulin washing procedure was adequate.

denatures certain antigens off of patient RBC's

What test(s) are involved when a physician orders a 4-unit crossmatch on a patient?

ABO, Rh, antibody screen, IS crossmatch

Blood is collected Saturday in ER for possible transfusion. Wednesday- transfusion is truly needed.

sample recollected because more than 3 days have passed.

What makes up an autologous control?

Patient serum and patient cells

Select the correct statement regarding the collection of a blood sample for compatibility testing.

The sample must be labeled at the bedside.

IS crossmatching is acceptable when

no evidnece of AB in sample or record, you are looking at ABO only

What might a positive antibody screen and a negative auto control indicate?

An alloantibody has been detected

Which of the following would not be corssmatched but only ABO, and Rh typed

newborn baby, frozen plasma and cryopeiciates

Why might some blood banking facilities prefer monospecific IgG over polyspecifiic (AHG) in their antibody screens?

Interference from naturally occurring cold antibodies is reduced.

How can neutralization aid in the identification of multiple antibodies?

Once antibody is neutralized serum can be further tested in panel studies.

The label on the recipient’s pretransfusion specimen

must duplicate patient wristband information.

When is the immediate-spin or abbreviated crossmatch an acceptable procedure for the recipient?

No prior or existing clinically significant antibodies

Electronic crossmatching

must confirm current with historical recipient’s ABO group

What compatibility testing procedures are required for an infant less than 4 months old?

ABO and D typing and antibody screen; units released if neg

Why is rouleaux not usually found in the AHG phase of antibody screens?

Patient serum is washed away before adding Ahg

which of the following questions might be asked to decipher the class of antibody?

In what phase did the reaction occur?

Why should only homozygous cells be used to rule out an antibody?

Weakly reacting antibody may not react with heterozygous cells.

How does DTT and 2-ME work?

cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules

lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake

How does BSA (albumin) work?

decreases zeta potential between RBC's

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AB Screen and Compatibilty testing - Blood bank

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Questions 75

Answers

1
After the AHG test was performed, IgG-sensitized red cells gave a 3+ reaction. What caused it?
IgG-sensitized red cells spontaneously agglutinated.
Crossmatch was incompatible.
Patient's anti-E reacted with the IgG-sensitized red cells.
Antihuman globulin washing procedure was adequate.
2
What type of cells are screening cells?
single or pooled group A
single or pooled group O
single or pooled group AB
single or pooled group B
3
What is the immunoglobulin class of antibodies detected in the immediate-spin crossmatch?
IgD
IgA
IgM
IgG
4
How does ZZAP work?
denatures certain antigens off of patient RBC's
cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules
lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake
increases test sensitivty, RBC's move closer, assists in ab crosslink
5
When type O blood is not available for transfusion for a type O recipient, what is the next alternative?
none
group AB RBCs
group A RBC
washed group B RBCs
6
What test(s) are involved when a physician orders a 4-unit crossmatch on a patient?
ABO, Rh, DAT, IS crossmatch
ABO, Rh, antibody screen, IS crossmatch
AHG crossmatch
IS crossmatch
7
the enzyme papin is from
figs
pineapple
bananas
papaya
8
What is the purpose of Coombs' control cells?
To ensure that washing removed all unbound antibody
To ensure that AHG tests with negative results are not false-negatives
all listed
To ensure that AHG was not omitted or inactivated
9
Blood is collected Saturday in ER for possible transfusion. Wednesday- transfusion is truly needed.
sample recollected because more than 3 days have passed.
sample recollected b/c it must be collected the same day as the crossmatch.
specimen can be used for a crossmatch b/c patient didn't receive blood.
specimen recollected because the patient’s location facility has changed.
10
What makes up an autologous control?
Patient serum and patient cells
Patient serum and screening cells
patient cells and Rh control
None of the above
11
Select the correct statement regarding the collection of a blood sample for compatibility testing.
The sample may be labeled at any time in an emergency.
the sample does not require a means to identify the phlebotomist.
The sample must be labeled at the bedside.
The sample requires a new numeric identifier for each admittance.
12
IS crossmatching is acceptable when
no evidnece of AB in sample or record
you are looking at ABO only
there is a historical record of clinically significant AB
37oC phase comes up +
13
Can Wrb and Xga antobodies cause HDFN?
yes
no
14
Lea and Leb substance is from
plasma and saliva
human and guinea pig urine
hydatid cyst fluid
breast milk
15
What might a positive antibody screen and a negative auto control indicate?
An autoantibody has been detected
An alloantibody has been detected
An alloantibody is coating donor cells after a transfusion
Drug-induced antibody reacting with patient cells
16
The advantages of electronic crossmatching as compared to serologic crossmatch include
all of these.
less specimen is required.
less time is required.
automatic alters of discrepancy.
17
Which of the following would not be corssmatched but only ABO, and Rh typed
newborn baby
newborn's mom
frozen plasma and cryopeiciates
newborn's dad
18
Compyter crossmatching will validate
IS crossmatch
extended crossmatch
19
hoe long are donor RBC's stored?
10 days
30 days
3 days
7 days
20
Why might some blood banking facilities prefer monospecific IgG over polyspecifiic (AHG) in their antibody screens?
Interference from naturally occurring warm antibodies isreduced.
Interference from naturally occurring cold antibodies is reduced.
Monospecific IgG has been standardized.
There is more IgG in monospecific antisera than in polyspecific reagents.
21
How can neutralization aid in the identification of multiple antibodies?
Neutralized serum can be used to phenotype patient cells.
everything listed
Once antibody is neutralized serum can be further tested in panel studies.
Neutralization inhibits all warm autoantibodies.
22
P1 substance (neutralizes 1) is from
hydatid cyst fluid
breast milk
plasma and saliva
human and guinea pig urine
23
The label on the recipient’s pretransfusion specimen
must be affixed prior to collection.
cannot be a barcode.
must duplicate patient wristband information.
need not include phlebotomist ID.
24
What is the time limit on blood for transfusion
1 hour
4 hours
24 hours
30 minutes
25
Patient RBCs directed against donor serum describes
major crossmatch
minor crossmatch
26
Sda substance is from
breast milk
human and guinea pig urine
plasma and saliva
hydatid cyst fluid
27
Antibodies formed as the result of RBC stimulation in the patient are known as:
active
naturally occuring
passive
immune
28
All of the following antigens are found on reagent screening cells except:
C
D
Fyb
Jsa
29
What would not guarentee a postive crossmatch?
incorrect ABO grouping on file
patient with auto/auto antibody
donor postive DAT
donor with type O neg blood
30
When is the immediate-spin or abbreviated crossmatch an acceptable procedure for the recipient?
Never been pregnant or transfused
No prior or existing clinically significant antibodies
Needs blood before a sample can be obtained
using blood from a directed donation
31
All of the following antigens are destroyed by proteolytic enzymes except:
Fya
M
C
S
32
Electronic crossmatching
allows the antibody screening to be eliminated
disregards discrepancies between recipient and donor unit
must confirm current with historical recipient’s ABO group
does not eliminate the need for a serologic crossmatch
33
What compatibility testing procedures are required for an infant less than 4 months old?
Antibody screen with each unit released in a 48-hour period
ABO and D typing and antibody screen; units released if neg
mmediate-spin crossmatch with each unit released
Group O, D-negative units; no testing is necessary
34
What is the time limit on a blood sample?
10 days
30 days
3 days
7 days
35
Why is rouleaux not usually found in the AHG phase of antibody screens?
Patient cells are washed away before adding AHG.
None of the above
Patient serum is washed away before adding Ahg
High protein molecules are not reactive at 37°C.
36
which of the following questions might be asked to decipher the class of antibody?
Is the autologous control positive or negative?
Is hemolysis present?
Is rouleaux present?
In what phase did the reaction occur?
37
Why should only homozygous cells be used to rule out an antibody?
Strong reacting antibodies may not react with heterozygous cells.
Weakly reacting antibody may not react with heterozygous cells.
Homozygous cells carry a double dose of antibody.
all listed
38
How does DTT and 2-ME work?
cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules
increases test sensitivty, RBC's move closer, assists in ab crosslink
denatures certain antigens off of patient RBC's
lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake
39
Which patient information is NOT acceptable as one of the two identifiers?
hair and skin color
Assigned fictious name
medical record name
Date of birth
40
Weak D testing should be performed on
D neg patient RBC's
D neg donor RBC's
D pos patient RBC's
D pos donor RBC's
41
Which is not a way to enchance weak IgG antibodies?
check dosage, increase serum to cell ratio
incububate longer with regeant limits, try diff reagents
centrifugde tubes longer
enzymes, PEG, LiSS, change pH
42
How does LISS work?
lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake
decreases zeta potential between RBC's
increases test sensitivty, RBC's move closer, assists in ab crosslink
cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules
43
How does BSA (albumin) work?
cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules
increases test sensitivty, RBC's move closer, assists in ab crosslink
lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake
decreases zeta potential between RBC's
44
What is true about the antigens k,e,Kpb, and Jsb?
all from the kell family
high frequency antigens
low frequency antigens
high frequency antibodies
45
Antibodies resulting from exposure to pollen, fungus, or bacteria are known as:
naturally occuring
active
immune
passive
46
The enzyme bromlein is from
pineapple
bananas
figs
papaya
47
Cells that have antibody attached to them but are still separated from one another are:
agglutinated
sensitized
phagocytized
hemolyzed
48
When might you suspect multiple antibodies in a patient's serum?
Pattern of reactivity not fitting a single antibody
Variation in phase of reactivity
All of the above
variation in antibody reactivity strength
49
Which of the following tests is not included in routine compatibility testing?
Direct antiglobulin test
ABO phenotyping
Antibody screen
D typing
50
Storage condiions for RBCs is
1-6oC
1-10oC
0-5oC
5-15oC
51
To what does the abbreviation "MSBOS" refer?
Minimum safe blood order schedule
Maximum blood order schedule
Monthly surgical blood order schedule
Minimum surgical blood order staffing
52
The enzyme ficin is from
figs
bananas
papaya
pineapple
53
Why is antibody screening of the recipient performed as a component of compatibility testing?
Detects incompatibilities with the donor's red cells
Detects human leukocyte antigen antibodies
Detects red cell alloantibodies
Detects irregular antigens on the recipient's red cels
54
How does PEG work?
lowers ionic strength and increases RBC antibody uptake
increases test sensitivty, RBC's move closer, assists in ab crosslink
cleaves disulfide bonds of IgM molecules
denatures certain antigens off of patient RBC's
55
A donor unit with a positive DAT would cause reactions at what phase of the crossmatch?
None, it would be compatible
Antiglobulin
All Phases
Immediate Spin
56
Select the item that compatibility procedures will not address.
Prevent formation of all red cell antibodies
Prevent life-threatening transfusion reactions
check ABO compatibility
Maximize in vivo survival rate of red cells
57
Which of the following would lead to nonacceptance of a blood bank specimen?
All of the above
An erroneous Social Security number
Initials of phlebotomist not on specimen
A patient name spelled incorrectly
58
Autologous blood is
taking your blood out and putting it back in
illegal
donating blood to yourself for later
mom donating u blood
59
recipient was transfused in last 3 months, how long from time of collection can a sample be used for the crossmatch?
5days
10 days
3 days
7 days
60
What antibodies are detected during antibody screen?
ABO
Rh - D
autoantibodies
unexpected antibodies
61
I substance is from
plasma and saliva
hydatid cyst fluid
human and guinea pig urine
breast milk
62
high titer, low aviidty antibodies
react at AHG
react at IS
are AB to high frequency antigens that react weak
are AB to low frequency antigens that react weak
63
Why is reviewing a potential recipient’s historical data important?
Donor units must be antigen neg to previous ABs even if none are detected
Antibodies from previous transfusions can decrease to undetectable levels.
Current medications may produce unusual results.
All of these are reasons to review patient historical data.
64
why doesn't an acceptable crossmatch guarentee a successful transfusion?
blood type won't match
doesn't guarentee surivial of RBC's
id's all clinically significant antibodies
transfusion rxns can occur
65
New patient comes in with no history, what do in regards to typing?
give O neg
collect and test a second sample to confirm
forawrd ABO
reverse ABO
66
Which of the following blood products requires a crossmatch before issuing?
Granulocyte concentrates that have more than 2 ml of red blood cells
Cryoprecipitated AHF
Human leukocyte antigen-matched platelets
Group AB fresh frozen plasma that is transfused to a group O
67
With compatibilty testing, what indicates a compatible result?
hemolysis
no agglutination
postive IAT
all you need is record history
68
What is tested in an antibody screen?
Patient serum is tested against group A reagent screening cells.
Patient serum is tested against group AB reagent screening cells.
Patient red blood cells against group O reagent screening cells.
Patient serum is tested against group O reagent screening cells.
69
A group O patient was crossmatched with group B RBCs. What phase of crossmatch will first detect this incompatibility?
None, it would be compatible
IS
IAT
37oC LISS
70
For antibody detections, what kind of RBC's should be used?
O pos
pooled
unpooled
AB neg
71
Transport condiions for RBCs is
5-15oC
1-6oC
1-10oC
0-5oC
72
What is an example of adverse effect in the blood bank?
lab sends O pos blood to H. Wells, but he is O neg
J. Smith blood order given to J. Sith b/c incorrect label on lab blood
doctor ordered transfusion for john doe but meant to order for jane doe
nurse takes left alone labeled container to a different room
73
Paitnet serum directed against donor RBCs describes a
major crossmatch
minor crossmatch
74
The use of the electronic (computer) crossmatch is restricted to recipients who:
are group O
do not have a clinically significant antibody
have transfusion history that has been documented in the computer
have had successful transfusions in the past
75
ZZAP will deanture which set of antigens?
Kell, Kidd, MNS
Duffy, Kidd, Kell
Kell, MNS, Duffy
MNS, Lewis, Duffy

AB Screen and Compatibilty testing - Blood bank Flashcards | StudBud