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Psychology: Abnormal Flashcards | StudBud
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Psychology: Abnormal
Psychology: Abnormal
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1
Psychoactive drugs affect behavior & perception through
the doppler effect
the placebo effect
alteration of neural activity in the brain
the power of suggestion
2
Phobic and panic disturbances are examples of which of the following kinds of disorder?
personality
somatoform
anxiety
dissociative
3
Neuroscientists have found decreased axonal white matter in the brains of people with
bipolar disorder
bulimia nervosa
agoraphobia
generalized anxiety disorder
4
Which part of cerebral cortex is involved in making plans and formulating moral judgments?
ear lobes
frontal lobes
occipital lobes
parietal lobes
5
Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
prefrontal cortex
anterior cortex
cingulate cortex
orbitofrontal cortex
6
Antisocial personality disorder is most likely characterized by
a lack of guilt feelings
a persistent case of jock-itch
episodes of intense autonomic nervous system arousal
lack of a sense of identity
7
At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder.
obsessive-compulsive
psychotic
impulse control
dissociative
8
Some people are more vulnerable to PTSD because they have a sensitive ____________.
frontal lobe
limbic system
motor cortex
cerebellum
9
The onset of _____________ nearly always begins after a dieter has broken diet restrictions & gorged.
anorexia nervosa
arachibutyrophobia
bulimia nervosa
OCD
10
Drugs that alleviate mania tend to reduce levels of the neurotransmitter
norepinephrine
estrogen
dopamine
aceylcholine
11
These are chemicals that MIMIC a neurotransmitter at the receptor site.
beta-endorphin
agonist
antagonist
seratonin
12
The biological model views psychological disorders as resulting from _________.
underlying behavioral issues
repressed memories
distorted thought patterns
physiological causes
13
The primary feature of ___________, a symptom associated with schizophrenia, is severe disturbance of motor behavior.
residual
disorganized
paranoid
catatonia
14
The onset of ____ nearly always begins after a dieter has broken diet restrictions and gorged.
anorexia nervosa
Arachibutyrophobia
OCD
bulimia nervosa
15
The DSM-V is most clearly designed to ________ psychological disorders.
classify
explain
prevent
debunk
16
Disruption in conscious awareness & sense of identity are characteristic of _______ disorders
obsessive-compulsive
dissociative
bipolar
anxiety
17
The term
psychopath
refers to an individual with
schizophrenia
bipolar disease
an STD
antisocial personality disorder
18
A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by
delusions of persecution
phobic fear of sharks
a persistent irrational fear of people
feelings of personal helplessness
19
Some studies say an anxiety gene affects the brain's level of the neurotransmitter
actylcholine
epinephrine
serotonin
dopamine
20
Our shifting perceptions of a Necker cube best illustrate the importance of
gallows humor
the bow tie effect
sensory adaptation
top-down processing
21
Psychoactive drugs affect behavior and perception through
psychological, not physiological, influences
alteration of neural activity in the brain
the placebo effect
the power of suggestion
22
What is the primary difficulty with applying the criterion of "social norm deviance" to define abnormal behavior?
norms do not guide behavior except in rare instances
cultures accept and view all behaviors as normal
norms are difficult to enumerate
behavior that is considered disordered in one culture may be okay n another
23
Disorders characterized by disturbances in emotion are known as ______ disorders.
mood
somatoform
conversion
reflective
24
Dopamine overactivity appears to be most clearly related to
hallucinations
Phallophobia
flat affect
agoraphobia
25
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in speaking?
parietal
temporal
frontal
occipital
26
What is meant by the term etiology?
the different symptoms of a given condition
the cause of a disorder
likely future path of an illness
frequency with which a given illness occurs
27
Sal has decreased levels of neurotransmitter dopamine in prefrontal cortex. Disorder might he b at risk of experiencing?
agoraphobia
dissociative fugue
depression
schizophrenia
28
What is comorbidity?
having two causes for a single disorder
mental disorder leading to death
having two causes of death
co-occurrence of two disorders
29
Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain
personality traits
memory organization
artificial intelligence
reactions to stress
30
The experience of multiple personalities is most likely to be characterized by
delusions of persecution and grandiosity
massive dissociation of self from consciousness
offensive and unwanted thoughts
interesting friendships
31
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by
Scolionophobia
a fear of being fat
frequent migraine headaches
a fear of nervous tics
32
Dissociative identity disorder is a psychological disorder that was commonly known as ________.
multiple personality disorder
fugue or flight disorder
OCD
amnesia
33
Our shifting perceptions of a Necker cube best illustrate the importance of
sensory adaptation
Bow Tie effect
Gallows humor
top-down processing
34
It plays a role in learning & memory & is the messenger at every junction betw motor neurons & skeletal muscles
seratonin
acetylecholine
norepinephrine
GABA
35
Drive reduction as a motivational concept is best exemplified by which of the following?
a monkey using its tail as a fifty limb to climb higher
the sweet taste of chocolate
the injection of heroin by an addict to avoid withdrawal symptoms
electric stimulation to the pleasure center of the brain
36
A person with necrophilia
derives pleasure from self-exposure
has a constant urge to suck nectar from flowers
experiences sexual arousal towards a platypus
has a sexual attraction to corpses
37
Disorders that take the form of a physical illness that has no real physical cause are referred to as _______.
somatoform disorders
mood disorders
dissociative disorders
personality disorders
38
Reduced self-control of murderers is related to reduced brain activity in their _____ lobes.
parietal
occipital
temporal
frontal
39
Autism spectrum disorder is marked by all but
which
of the following categories of symptoms?
severe depressive symptoms
deficits in communication
repetitive behaviors or interests
deficits in social interactions
40
Dopamine overactivity appears to be most clearly related to
flat affect
regression
hallucinations
halitosis
41
A genetically programmed action pattern is the ethologist's definition of
instinct
adaptation
habit
altruism
42
In ______, a person has an excessively rigid, maladaptive pattern of behavior & ways of relating to others.
personality disorder
dissociative disorder
mood disorder
somatoform disorder
43
The experience of a fugue state is indicative of a(n) ______ disorder.
dissociative
catatonic
mood
panic
44
The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include
habituation
autism spectrum disorder
egocentatiorism
brain abnormalities
45
Simon Baron-Cohen has proposed that autism spectrum disorder is indicative of an inborn
fetal alcohol syndrome
infantile amnesia
male systemizing tendency
stranger anxiety
46
The condition in which a person shows little or no emotion is referred to as _________.
delusions
flat affect
disorganization
hallucinations
47
In the brain, learning occurs as experience strengthens connections in cell work groups called
endocrine systems
action potentials
dendrites
neural networks
48
People who suffer chronic depression are at high risk for experiencing
excessive levels of serotonin
unrealistic optimism
reduced self-awareness
social rejection
49
Maladaptive behaviors that reduce worry and fear are most indicative of
histrionic disorder
an anxiety disorder
bipolar disorder
anorexia disorder
50
An 80-decibel sound is ______ times more intense than a 60-decibel sound.
10
2
100
20
51
If shoe size and IQ are negatively correlated, which of the following is true?
IQ is unpredictable based on a person's shoe size
People with small feet tend to have high IQs.
People with small feet tend to have low IQs.
People with large feet walk like ducks & quack.
52
Those with narcissistic personality disorder are likely to be preoccupied with
delusions of persecution
an irrational fear of people
their own self-importance
phartophobia
53
The distinctive features used to identify the three clusters of personality disorders are
anxiety, eccentricity, impulsivity
optimism, pessimism, perfectionism
genetics, culture, self-awareness
obsessions; compulsions; delusions
54
Which of the following research methods is used if the same subjects are tested at 2, 4, and six years of age?
cross-sectional
cross-cultural
longitudinal
projective
55
Which division of the nervous system calms the body after an emergency has passed?
somatic
sympathetic
central
parasympathetic
56
Which of the following statements represents the more cognitive view of personality disorder?
they r due to belief systems formed by the personality disordered person
they are due to an inadequate resolution of the Oedipus complex.
they are a result of repressed memories
they have physiological causes
57
The primary feature of ________, a symptom associated with schizophrenia, is severe disturbance of motor behavior.
paranoid
residual
disorganized
catatonia
58
Which of the following symptoms would NOT be considered a symptom of schizophrenia?
fugue
lack of affect
poor attention
delusions