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GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW Flashcards | StudBud
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GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
GEOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
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1
The original idea that continents, once joined together to form a large landmass, have moved over time is the idea of...
Plate Motion
Convection
Continental Drift
Subduction
2
The three types of rocks, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, are classified by __________.
where the rocks formed
how the rocks formed
the color of the rocks
when the rocks formed
3
Two lithospheric plates move away from each other at __________.
a convergent plate boundary
a mid ocean ridge
a divergent plate boundary
a transform plate boundary
4
The lithospheric plates keep moving and are still slowly moving today
The lithospheric plates do not move
False
True
They move too slow to tell
5
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Old lithosphere is destroyed and new lithosphere is formed over time.
Earth’s lithosphere moves around but is never destroyed.
New lithosphere is always forming on the top of large mountains.
Old lithosphere falls into the oceans and is destroyed over time.
6
Which of the following will most likely increase the risk of a landslide?
recent wildfires followed by rain
large amounts of rainfall
an earthquake
volcanoes in the area
7
How far into the Earth can one go and why?
Crust because the the pressure is too high
Asthenosphere because it is not too hot
Lithosphere because it is not too hot
Crust because it is too hot
8
Transform plate boundaries slide past each other
They move to fast to tell
True
No, they move towards each other
False
9
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Rock can break down into sediments.
Geological processes form rock.
Igneous rock forms when magma cools
Rock can change from sedimentary to metamorphic.
10
The idea of continental drift and the theory of plate tectonics have the following in common:
both were proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1915
both show land was once connected as one land mass called Pangea
both occur over long geological time periods
both rely on fossils and rocks
11
What evidence do scientists use to understand the changes of landmasses over time?
shapes of continents
mountain ranges that line up with similar rock layers
the same fossils found on different continents
scratches left by glaciers in currently warm parts of the world
12
The rock cycle is different from the in-class Starburst's model, because in the actual rock cycle
there are both liquid and solid materials
processes take a much longer time
thermal energy (HEAT) is needed for some processes
pressure is involved in some processes
13
Plate Tectonics is the idea that __________.
ocean waves push the continents over the surface of the earth
the continents and ocean floor are solid because they are hardened magma
convection in the mantle and gravity slowly move plate around
landmasses once joined together forming 1 large landmass & moved over time
14
The natural hazard that happens when rock, soil, & earth materials move down a slope is called:
aquitard
landslide
volcanic eruption
earthquake
15
This picture is showing...
the line of fire
a few volcanoes
the ring of fire
a few earthquakes
16
Aquifers are found __________.
only in places with rivers and streams
everywhere that water falls on the ground
where water can flow and collect in rock layers under Earth’s surface
everywhere that water flows on the surface of the Earth
17
Mt. Pinatubo erupted forming a cloud covering a large part of Earth with aerosol particles. To determine effect:
investigate temperature of lava that flowed onto the Earth
investigate aerosol particles changing solar energy reaching Earth
investigate how the temperature of gases ejected compare to other eruptions
investigate amount of rain that fell in the days after eruption
18
Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?
the outer core
the mantle
the inner core
the lithosphere
19
Two lithospheric plates move towards each other at __________.
a transform plate boundary
a divergent plate boundary
a mid-ocean ridge
a convergent plate boundary
20
Which of the following is most likely to occur at a plate boundary?
oceans and rivers
aquifers and groundwater
earthquakes and volcanoes
valleys and trenches
21
The following are true about Magma and Lava
Magma is UNDER Earth's surface
Magma and lava are hot liquid rock
all of these are correct
Lava is ON Earth's surface
22
Which magnitude & location of earthquakes likely causes a tsunami? 8.9 in ocean, 3.6 at coastline, 8.5 mid-continental
8.9 in ocean
3.6 at coastline
tsunami not likely to happen
8.5 mid-continental
23
In order for sediments to become sedimentary rock, which answer below best describes the process they must go through?
Lava erupting from a volcano glues sediments together.
Sediments are pressed and glued together over geological time.
Sediments deep underground go through extreme heat & pressure.
Sediments cool and harden to become sedimentary rocks.
24
What are ALL the layers of the Earth in order?
Crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
Lithosphere, Crust, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
Crust, Asthenosphere, Outer Core, Mantle, Inner Core
Lithosphere, Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
25
What geological process is happening at Location B?
Convergent plate motion
Mountains forming
Subduction
Ocean forming
26
What factors should be considered for storing nuclear waste?
human population, earthquake prone areas, & landslide prone areas
store deep into the mantle so that no factors need to be considered
recent wildfires & landscaping
large bodies of water, volcanoes, & aquifers
27
Which of the following statements provides evidence for the theory of plate tectonics?
The exact same rock layers are found in different continents.
DIFFERENT kinds of fossils may be found in South America and Africa.
Fossilized land animals CAN swim across oceans.
GPS measurements show that Earth’s plates are moving 1 cm per year.
28
Plate tectonics refers to the theory that __________.
each of the continents on Earth is called a plate
Earth’s surface is made of lithospheric plates that cannot move
Earth’s surface is made up of lithospheric plates that have moved over time
the continents float on the oceans like plates
29
Earthquakes happen more frequently __________.
in the middle of tectonic plates
along the "Ring of Fire"
along plate boundaries
in the middle of lithospheric plates
