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Maternity part 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Maternity part 1
Maternity part 1
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1
Ethics in Reproduction Examples
Infertility, Surrogate Parents
Fetal Injury, Inrauterine Therapies
Mandated Contraception
Stem Cell Research, Conjoined twins
2
What are some barriers to prenatal care: Systemically
Conflicts with working women’s schedules
Institutional practices that interfere with consistent care
Lack of transportation
Unavailability of childcare
3
Foramen ovale
With the NB’s first breath, air pushes into the lungs
closes at birth when left atrial pressure ↑ and right atrial presssure ↓
allowed the oxygenated blood to enter R atrium and go to the L atrium
becomes a ligament in extrauterine life.
4
Trisomy
Extra copy of one chromosome
Chromosomes are normal but there are too many
Each body cell has a missing chromosome
Usually results in early spontaneous abortion
5
“Bioethics is not the application of ethics to health care.”
True
False
6
Patterns of Single Gene Inheritance: Autosomal Recessive Traits
Males are usually the only ones who show effects
Abnormality is not expressed if compensated with a normal gene
Expressed if a person receives two copies of a recessive gene
Many recessive disorders are severe
7
Which pair of chromosomes make represent the sex
22
23
18
24
8
After Cesarean birth how long is the recommended length of stay
98 hours
96 hours
72 hours
48 hours
9
How many chromosomes pairs are autocomes
23
22
18
30
10
All are licensed care givers except
Doula
CNM
NP, PA, DO/MD (FP, OB/GYN)(GYN, GYN-ONC, MFM)
Aide, LPN, Surgical Tech, RN, LM
11
What are some barriers to prenatal care: Attitudinal
Women rely on advice from family and friends
Unsympathetic attitude of some health care workers
Depression from unintended pregnancy
Hurried exams perceived as unimportant
12
What are the differnt care settings
Home
Birth Center
LDR or LDRP
Hospital
13
Placenta Endocrine functions
Antibody transfer, Transfer of maternal hormones
Gas transfer, Nutrient transfer
Progesterone
Waste removal
14
Fibrous amniotic bands
Causes Fetal deformations
Causes Intrauterine limb amputation
band constricts limb resulting in incomplete development or amputated limb.
Causes Clubfoot
15
Chromosomal Abnormalities: Structural Abnormalities
DNA may be rearranged or Too much or too little chromosomal material
Clinically normal bc total genetic material is normal / may present anomaly
Part of a chromosome is attached to another (translocation)
Part of chromosome may be missing or added
16
Cultural Influences on Childbearing: Communication Conflict examples
Touch, Time orientation
Language, Communicating style
Religion
Decision making, Eye contact
17
What does this picture represent
Downsyndrome
Chromosome groupings
Karyotype: Male with Trisomy 21
Female with Turner Syndrome
18
Diseases associated with Recessive Traits
Sickle Cell
Tay Sachs
color blindness
Cystic Fibrosis
19
Fetal circulatory circuit
Lungs
Ductus venosus
Ductus arteriosus
Foramen ovale
20
Diseases associated with Autosomal Dominant Traits
Sickle Cell
Marfan syndrome
BRCA1/2
Huntington’s disease
21
“Ethics involves determining the best course of action in a certain situation.”
True
False
22
Dizygotic (fraternal)
Two ova that are fertilized by different sperm
Family history
Genetic siblings
Single ovum and sperm
23
Polyploidy
Embryo has one or more extra sets of chromosomes
Chromosomes are normal but there are too many
Usually results in early spontaneous abortion
Usually found during plant reproduction
24
Placenta Transfer functions
Antibody transfer, Transfer of maternal hormones
Waste removal
Progesterone
Gas transfer, Nutrient transfer
25
What is the nurse's role
Communicator, Teacher
Collaborator
Advocate, Manager
Researcher
26
What affect ones family roles
sexual orientation, gender identity
family group
adoption
culture, religion
27
Cultural Influences on Childbearing: Health beliefs conflict examples
Health maintenance, Belief in fate
Preventing illness, Restoring health
Modesty
Female genital cutting
28
Negative Environmental Causative agents on Baby
Maternal infectious agents
Drugs & Pollutants
Ionizing radiation & Maternal hyperthermia
Maternal medical disorders
29
Describe the Ductus arteriosus
shunt blood into the descending aorta, bypassing pulmonary circulation
Closes within the first few hrs after birth
located between the aorta and the pulmonary artery
protected the lungs against circulatory overload
30
Rinat Dray: may justify using the means necessary to override a maternal refusal of the treatment
True
False
31
Genetic Counseling
Diagnosis will always be established
Agencies that focus on a specific birth defect (i.e., March of Dimes)
Diagnosis may never be established
Refer to facilities that provide maternal-fetal medicine services
32
What does this picture represent
Chromosomal grouping
Male with Trisomy 23
Female with Turner Syndrome
Male with Trisomy 21
33
Nurses part of a genetic counseling team
Antepartum nurses
Women’s health nurses
Pediatric nurses
Intrapartum and neonatal nurses
34
Describe infants born with Anencephalic
Born with a brain stem, but lacking the cerebrum
The infant is usually blind, deaf, unconscious, and unable to feel pain.
Reflexes ex: resp, reaction to sound & touch, & able to suck may be present
Infants may be stillborn but most die within hrs to several days or weeks
35
What does Amniotic fluid do
Cushions against impacts to the maternal abdomen
Maintains a stable temperature& Allows symmetric development
Allows room and buoyancy for fetal movement
Prevents the membranes from adhering to developing fetal parts
36
Chromosomes are arranged into
karyotype
DNA
genes
groups
37
Describe the Ductus venosus
opens within a few days after birth
becomes a ligament in extrauterine life.
shunt blood from the L umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
closes a few days after birth as a result of activation of the liver
38
After Vaginal birth how long is the recommended length of stay
48 hours
24 hours
96 hours
72 hours
39
Autosomal Dominant Traits
is usually heterozygous (from one parent)
Dominant gene on a non-sex chromosome
The dominant abnormal gene will express
New mutations can bring a trait into a family
40
Fetal Circulation --> Umbilical cord
➢One vein (deoxygenated blood)
One vein (oxygenated blood)
Two arteries (oxygenated blood)
Two arteries (deoxygenated blood)
41
Monozygotic (identical)
Single ovum and sperm
Later division complicates pregnancy (shared placenta, membranes, & parts)
Differentiate with development
Shared genetic material
42
Genes are organized in _____ paired chromosomes.
44
42
48
46
43
Environmental Influences: Teratogens
Agents that cause birth defects
teratogenic potential
Agents that prevent birth defects
Pollutant
44
Environmental Influences : Manipulating the fetal environment
Oligohydramnios
400 mcg of folic acid daily before conception (neural tube defect)
Appropriate medical therapy for diseases
600 mcg of folic acid daily before conception (neural tube defect)
45
Oligohydramnios
Causes Fetal lung development
linked to uteroplacental insufficiency, fetal renal abnormalities, and more
Causes Clubfoot
Too little amniotic fluid
46
Monosomy
Embryo has one or more extra sets of chromosomes
Chromosomes are normal but there are too many
Each body cell has a missing chromosome
Most often incompatible with life
47
Fetal membrane make up
Chorion (outer membrane)
Placenta
⬤Amniotic fluid
Amnion (inner membrane)
48
Fetal Circulation after birth
Oxygenates blood in the lungs
circulating blood to the placenta
Not circulating blood to the placenta
Fetal circulatory shunts are not needed
49
X-Linked Traits
Males r the only ones who show effects of abnormal X-linked recessive trait
Recessive is more common than dominant
Females can show full disorder if trait is carried on both genes
Can be mild (color blindness) or severe (hemophilia)
