All of these answers are correct.

The development of tape recorders included:

All of these answers are correct.

Benjamin Franklin started:

the first circulating library in America.

Women sometimes became publishers in colonial times because:

they belonged to families of printers.

In the classic definition, public relations involves:

creating understanding for or goodwill toward, a company, person or product

Situational ethics may at any time involve which of the following principles?

any combination of these answers

During the Civil War:

reporters were accredited for the 1st time as war correspondents by the gov

Joseph McCarthy did all but which of the following?

created the voluntary Code of Wartime Practices for American Broadcasters

Which of the following was not an attempt by government to control free speech?

the recording industry's content labels

are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.

developed the cathode ray tube to reproduce a clear electronic image

Recent developments in mass media industries include:

newspapers launching online editions as income bc of print edition decline

are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.

Grove Press in the late 1950s and early 1960s:

challenged censorship laws by publishing Lady Chatterly's Lover + others

The National Information Infrastructure is:

fed. gov’s effort to coordinate all different senders, channels &receivers.

Which of the following is an example of unethical journalistic behavior?

All of these answers are correct.

The Radio Act of 1912:

required fed. licenses for people wanting to broadcast or receive messages

A digital communication server is:

the equipment that delivers programs from their source to subscribers.

The Cantril study of media effects found that:

better-educated people were less likely to believe what the media said.

The first publicity firms in the United States were hired to:

overcome public criticism of railroads and other industries.

United Artists was formed in rebellion against the big studios by:

Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith.

Studies by media scholar Carolyn Martindale concluded:

that non-white groups are visible “only in glimpses” in the media.

actively influence American society as well as mirror it.

New York Times reporter Zachery Kouwe was suspended because he:

plagiarized portions of an article he wrote for The Times

The International Copyright Law of 1891 required:

that all authors had to give permission to publish their work.

experimented with radio waves, which became known as Hertzian waves.

Which of the following is NOT true about online advertising?

many commercial Web sites do not feature advertising.

A readers’ representative (ombudsperson):

acts as a go-between from the public to the newsroom.

To prove libel, someone must show that:

All of these answers are correct.

The two researchers who played the most significant role in the technical development of television were:

Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth.

All of these answers are correct.

The first half of the 20th century brought which new media?

movies, radio, recordings and television

studbud

Mass Communication Study Guide

90 termsStudBud Administration56 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards90 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 90

Answers

1
Advertising is:
overseen by the Federal Trade Commission.
not a medium but a support industry in America.
how American consumers pay for most of their media.
All of these answers are correct.
2
The development of tape recorders included:
All of these answers are correct.
Bing Crosby’s use of tape recording.
3M’s perfected production of a usable plastic tape.
German experimentation during World War II.
3
Benjamin Franklin started:
the first circulating library in America.
the first American book printing press.
the first American publishing house.
the first bookstore.
4
Secretary of Commerce _______ appeared in one of the first experimental television broadcasts in 1927.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Dwight Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
Herbert Hoover
5
Women sometimes became publishers in colonial times because:
they could vote and own property.
they belonged to families of printers.
they invented printing technology.
they owned the newspaper.
6
When reporters go on free trips and/or are given free passes to entertainment events, it could result in:
conflict of interest.
distortion.
misrepresentation.
checkbook journalism.
7
In the classic definition, public relations involves:
creating a positive image, even by less-than-honest means, if necessary.
creating goodwill for a client by strategically purchasing advertising.
creating understanding for or goodwill toward, a company, person or product
protecting a client from negative publicity.
8
Situational ethics may at any time involve which of the following principles?
any combination of these answers
Judeo-Christian view of persons as ends in themselves
Aristotle’s golden mean
Mill’s principle of utility
9
The first truly national magazine with a large circulation was:
American Magazine.
The New Yorker.
The Saturday Evening Post.
Life.
10
In most cases, a reporter who makes an ethical mistake:
will not face a lawsuit.
will be forced to pay damages.
will be fined by his/her news organization.
could be sued for libel or invasion of privacy.
11
During the Civil War:
journalists were not allowed access to the soldiers.
reporters were embedded with the troops.
reporters were accredited for the 1st time as war correspondents by the gov
the government strictly censored news reports.
12
Joseph McCarthy did all but which of the following?
aggressively hunted communists in the United States
created the voluntary Code of Wartime Practices for American Broadcasters
was eventually censured by his colleagues in the Senate
presided over the Army-McCarthy hearings
13
Which of the following was not an attempt by government to control free speech?
the Smith Act of 1940
the Espionage Act of 1918
the Alien and Sedition Laws of 1798
the recording industry's content labels
14
The broadcast media:
are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.
have greater regulatory freedom than do the print media.
have complete freedom over content they place on their Web sites.
are regulated by state communications boards.
15
An early study that concentrated on the effects of movies on children was:
one of the Payne Fund studies.
the Cantril study.
the Marshall McLuhan study.
The People’s Choice study.
16
Philo T. Farnsworth:
invented the Audion tube.
developed the cathode ray tube to reproduce a clear electronic image
was a TV news pioneer.
turned an electronic signal into a visual image.
17
Recent developments in mass media industries include:
increase in $ from movies since 2005, reversing a 10-year downward trend
a steady decline in Internet advertising revenues from 2000 to 2010.
many major newspapers adding reporters due to high reporter profitability
newspapers launching online editions as income bc of print edition decline
18
Which event led to what has been called television’s finest four days?
the premiere of network news broadcasts
the JFK assassination
the Cold War
the Cuban Missile Crisis
19
The broadcast media:
have complete freedom over content they place on their Web sites.
are regulated by state communications boards.
have greater regulatory freedom than do the print media.
are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.
20
Which British action turned most colonial printers into revolutionaries?
the Boston Tea Party
the trial of John Peter Zenger
passage of the Stamp Act
the burning of Washington
21
Grove Press in the late 1950s and early 1960s:
outraged consumers by publishing gay-themed books.
lost its fight against censorship in the Supreme Court.
challenged censorship laws by publishing Lady Chatterly's Lover + others
sold the first paperback books.
22
The National Information Infrastructure is:
the largest cable TV chain.
fed. gov’s effort to coordinate all different senders, channels &receivers.
run by the FCC.
the storage system for digitized information.
23
The inventor of the phonograph in 1877 was:
Emile Berliner
Thomas Edison
Joseph Maxfield
Peter Goldmark
24
Which of the following is an example of unethical journalistic behavior?
Joe Scarborough’s donation to a political candidate
a stock columnist’s providing advance information to friends
Jayson Blair’s fabricated stories
All of these answers are correct.
25
What was the U.S. federal government's first attempt to control the press?
the Newspaper Licensing Act
the Alien and Sedition Laws
the tax on new printing presses
the Stamp Act
26
The Radio Act of 1912:
required fed. licenses for people wanting to broadcast or receive messages
forbid commercials on radio.
dictated that broadcasters could operate only in New York City.
banned payola.
27
The man who created the long-playing record was:
Thomas Edison.
William S. Paley.
Peter Goldmark.
Emile Berliner.
28
A digital communication server is:
condensing digital information into a smaller electronic space.
enables a TV set to recognize digitized signals from a variety of sources.
one person’s communication through a transmitting device to large audiences
the equipment that delivers programs from their source to subscribers.
29
The ubiquity of advertising means that:
advertising appeals to those who love TV.
advertising is everywhere.
advertising is sold only to those who can pay for it.
advertising is everywhere.
30
The Cantril study of media effects found that:
children were greatly influenced by the movies they saw.
media content should be strictly controlled.
better-educated people were less likely to believe what the media said.
most people uncritically accepted information from the media.
31
The first publicity firms in the United States were hired to:
specifically garner public support for U.S. involvement in World War I.
get favorable news coverage for politicians.
overcome public criticism of railroads and other industries.
encourage the passage of legislation favorable to Wall Street.
32
United Artists was formed in rebellion against the big studios by:
Orson Welles, John Huston and Dalton Trumbo.
Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith.
Rudolph Valentino, Mary Pickford and D. W. Griffith.
Lillian Gish, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and Brad Pitt.
33
Studies by media scholar Carolyn Martindale concluded:
that non-white groups are presented as an integral part of American society
that Latinos are often portrayed as successful professionals on television.
that a climate of bi-racial coexistence is present in America’s newsrooms.
that non-white groups are visible “only in glimpses” in the media.
34
The U.S. mass media:
provide only entertainment.
provide everyone in the U.S. with the same mass media experience.
actively influence American society as well as mirror it.
deliver about 10 advertising messages each day, on average, to Americans
35
New York Times reporter Zachery Kouwe was suspended because he:
relied on insider friendships.
was caught in a conflict of interest.
created a composite character for a news story.
plagiarized portions of an article he wrote for The Times
36
The International Copyright Law of 1891 required:
that foreign authors be paid less for their work.
that all authors had to give permission to publish their work.
that publishers did not have to pay royalties to any author.
that only American authors had to be paid for their works.
37
Heinrich Hertz:
promoted advertising on the radio.
built the first wireless TV.
sent the first message by telegraph.
experimented with radio waves, which became known as Hertzian waves.
38
The average U.S. adult spends more than ____ of his or her waking life with the mass media.
75 percent
20 percent
30 percent
50 percent
39
Which of the following is NOT true about online advertising?
many commercial Web sites do not feature advertising.
ad robots can eavesdrop on online convos to analyze what type of ad to send
online advertising offers more opportunities for precise audience targeting
businesses are still figuring out a sustainable income model for content.
40
A readers’ representative (ombudsperson):
acts as a go-between from the public to the newsroom.
is always the editor of the paper.
is never responsible for the correction box in the paper.
is hired by the public to oversee local news operations.
41
Satellite radio generates revenues primarily through:
subscriptions
contributions
advertising
government subsidies
42
To prove libel, someone must show that:
All of these answers are correct.
the journalist or the print or broadcast organization is at fault.
the statement injured the person's reputation, income or mental anguish
the statement was communicated to a third party.
43
Magazines widened their audiences in the 1800s by:
All of these answers are correct.
discouraging political debate.
translating the essays of famous German and French writers.
catering to women.
44
The two researchers who played the most significant role in the technical development of television were:
David Sarnoff and William Paley.
Lee de Forest and Edward R. Murrow.
Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth.
Lee de Forest and David Sarnoff.
45
Who is responsible for setting up a schedule for the publishing of a book?
the production editor
the acquisitions editor
the media editor
the manufacturing supervisor
46
America’s first public showing of a motion picture was in:
1918
1912
1896
1888
47
Paperback books:
democratized reading in America.
All of these answers are correct.
became popular when Pocket Books began publishing best-sellers in 1939.
drastically lowered the price of books.
48
Eadweard Muybridge:
directed the first narrative film.
first photographed motion.
invented the kinetoscope.
opened the first nickelodeon.
49
The first publicity firm in the United States was called:
Lee and Parker.
The Council on Public Information.
The Publicity Bureau.
Jacoby & Meyers.
50
The first half of the 20th century brought which new media?
movies, radio, recordings and television
books, newspapers, television and radio
radio, recordings, books, and television
newspapers, magazines, movies and radio
51
In a practice adopted from radio, early television programs usually:
sold advertising mostly to soap companies.
carried direct sponsorship.
sold both 30- and 60-second spots to support network-produced programming.
set up bidding wars between competing sponsors.
52
Which of the following women was not an early public relations pioneer?
Anne Williams Wheaton
All were public relations pioneers
Doris E. Fleischman
Ida Tarbell
53
Which of the following is true?
The 45 rpm was David Sarnoff’s idea.
Thomas Edison designed the first jukebox.
David Sarnoff and William Paley formed a partnership to develop LP records.
The first records were 45 rpm.
54
What distinguished The Ladies' Home Journal from many other 19th-century publications?
It crusaded against patent medicine ads and venereal disease.
It printed intimate stories about marital relations.
It included political commentary.
It published recipes.
55
Which ethical question is raised by a reporter who misrepresents the facts or creates false stories?
fairness
responsibility
bias
truthfulness
56
Most of the income the mass media collect annually is from:
the government, in public subsidies
subscriptions
product sales
advertising
57
Which of the following best describes Rawls’ veil of ignorance?
Love your neighbor as yourself.
Justice emerges when negotiating without social differentiation.
Be gentle and kind with those less fortunate and intelligent.
Moral virtue is the appropriate location between two extremes.
58
Which of the following is not considered a mass media industry?
The Internet
Movies
Advertising
Books
59
The first TV newscasts:
were simulcast on network radio.
expanded to an hour by the 1980s.
were 15 minutes long.
explored topics in depth.
60
Early colonial newspapers:
supported the Stamp Act.
printed “Published by Authority” on the front to indicate British approval.
never sought financial support from England.
were free to criticize the government.
61
Which of the following is likely to take place during the second stage of Paul Saffo’s 30-Year Rule?
excitement
confusion
the setting of a new standard
lots of flux
62
Marshall McLuhan is best remembered for which concept?
Children are greatly influenced by the movies they see.
The medium is the message.
Advertising fulfills an economic function.
Television is too violent.
63
After the Roth and Miller cases, determining obscenity is the responsibility of:
state censorship boards.
local courts.
the U.S. Supreme Court.
local school boards.
64
Agenda-setting, as the term is typically used, refers to the flow of information from:
news organizations to their audiences and one news organization to another.
advertisers to their audiences.
audiences to advertisers.
assignment editors to the news reporters.
65
The two men who developed network TV and held the country’s largest interest in radio were:
Edward R. Murrow and Walter Cronkite.
Philo T. Farnsworth and Vladimir Zworykin.
Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch.
David Sarnoff and William Paley.
66
The audience for print news is:
declining.
declining.
getting younger.
growing.
67
Which of the following companies/institutions was the 1st to create an in-house public relations firm to do fundraising?
Chicago Edison
AT&T
University of Pennsylvania
The Washington, D.C., YMCA
68
The media faces all of these ethical issues except:
Aristotle’s golden mean.
Fromm’s treatise on love and mutual respect.
John Stuart Mill’s principle of utility.
Kant’s categorical imperative.
69
D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation:
All of these answers are correct.
cost 5 times more to make than any other American film up until that time
made Griffith the first famous director.
portrayed racial stereotypes.
70
________ analyzes how people use information they receive from the media:
Media effects research
Media content analysis
Media behavior theory
Magic bullet theory
71
Signal or data compression means:
one-way communication.
a nearly obsolete means of storing information.
a method of squeezing information into a tiny electronic package.
a two-way, viewer-controlled electronic process.
72
In 1887, Emile Berliner:
worked for Thomas Edison.
built Edison’s first phonograph.
created the 78 rpm record.
developed the gramophone, which replaced Edison’s cylinder.
73
The first book published in America was:
Poor Richard’s Almanack.
The Bay Psalm Book.
Pilgrim’s Progress.
Common Sense.
74
In the 1800s, many readers complained about:
ads about runaway livestock.
real estate ads.
All of these answers are correct.
patent medicine ads.
75
David Sarnoff:
was the first president of CBS.
received a distress call from the Titanic and became RCA's general manager
perfected a glass bulb called the Audion that could detect radio waves.
started KDKA, the first commercial radio station.
76
Because of the practice of block booking, movie theater owners:
All of these answers are correct.
raised their admission prices.
formed a boycott against Paramount.
were forced to accept several movies at once.
77
In the 1800s, most media owners’ response to consumer complaints about advertising was to:
develop an open ad policy, which allowed them to accept + criticize ads
ban questionable advertising.
accept all advertising, but direct complaints to the FTC
set up an industry-sponsored Bureau to discourage false claims
78
Lee de Forest:
started KDKA, the first commercial radio station.
perfected a glass bulb called the Audion that could detect radio waves.
conducted experiments that led to the first voice broadcast.
manufactured crystal detectors that could capture radio waves.
79
About 50 percent of all television stations in the United States are:
noncommercial
Independent
All these answers are correct.
affiliated with a network
80
The ________ is responsible for scheduling commercials on a radio station.
traffic department
general manager
program manager
account executives
81
A news council:
has ultimate enforcement power over media.
reviews complaints + has the auth. to file civil suits against news orgs
reviews complaints from the public + reports findings to offending news org
reveals the media’s mistakes to the public.
82
During World War II:
to prevent leaking info, reporters were barred from traveling in war zones
the federal government placed no limits on war reporting.
over 100 reporters were guilty for reporting war news
Prez Roosevelt created the Office of Censorship + Code of Wartime Practices
83
The term that describes the way that different people process messages differently is:
selective perception
intrapersonal communication
vertical integration
mass communication
84
Codes of ethics established by professional and industry groups:
are voluntary and carry no penalties.
must be approved by regulatory bodies, such as the FTC and FCC.
have the force of law, and violators can be prosecuted.
have the force of law, but are rarely enforced.
85
Daniel Boorstin said advertising in the United States has which of the following characteristics?
repetition
an advertising style
All of these answers are correct.
ubiquity
86
Sarah Josepha Hale
supported higher education and property rights for women.
edited Godey’s Lady’s Book for 40 years.
All of these answers are correct.
helped Godey’s circulation rise.
87
The belief that the U.S. press should be free from government control originated with the:
Sixth Amendment.
New Deal.
First Amendment.
Declaration of Independence.
88
The alternative press:
is also called the dissident press.
was revived in the late 1950s and 1960s.
All of these answers are correct.
challenged the conventional wisdom and espoused “radical” ideas.
89
The word ethics derives from the Greek word ethos, which means:
respect for the rights of others.
truth above all else.
fairness to all humans.
traditions that govern a culture.
90
W. E. B. Du Bois:
founded The New Yorker magazine.
edited The Nation.
was one of Samuel S. McClure’s famous muckrakers.
founded and edited The Crisis, the NAACP’s magazine which still publishes.

Mass Communication Study Guide Flashcards | StudBud

Mass Communication Study Guide

90 termsStudBud Administration56 plays

Imported from external platform

Flashcards90 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 90

Answers

1
Advertising is:
overseen by the Federal Trade Commission.
not a medium but a support industry in America.
how American consumers pay for most of their media.
All of these answers are correct.
2
The development of tape recorders included:
All of these answers are correct.
Bing Crosby’s use of tape recording.
3M’s perfected production of a usable plastic tape.
German experimentation during World War II.
3
Benjamin Franklin started:
the first circulating library in America.
the first American book printing press.
the first American publishing house.
the first bookstore.
4
Secretary of Commerce _______ appeared in one of the first experimental television broadcasts in 1927.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Dwight Eisenhower
John F. Kennedy
Herbert Hoover
5
Women sometimes became publishers in colonial times because:
they could vote and own property.
they belonged to families of printers.
they invented printing technology.
they owned the newspaper.
6
When reporters go on free trips and/or are given free passes to entertainment events, it could result in:
conflict of interest.
distortion.
misrepresentation.
checkbook journalism.
7
In the classic definition, public relations involves:
creating a positive image, even by less-than-honest means, if necessary.
creating goodwill for a client by strategically purchasing advertising.
creating understanding for or goodwill toward, a company, person or product
protecting a client from negative publicity.
8
Situational ethics may at any time involve which of the following principles?
any combination of these answers
Judeo-Christian view of persons as ends in themselves
Aristotle’s golden mean
Mill’s principle of utility
9
The first truly national magazine with a large circulation was:
American Magazine.
The New Yorker.
The Saturday Evening Post.
Life.
10
In most cases, a reporter who makes an ethical mistake:
will not face a lawsuit.
will be forced to pay damages.
will be fined by his/her news organization.
could be sued for libel or invasion of privacy.
11
During the Civil War:
journalists were not allowed access to the soldiers.
reporters were embedded with the troops.
reporters were accredited for the 1st time as war correspondents by the gov
the government strictly censored news reports.
12
Joseph McCarthy did all but which of the following?
aggressively hunted communists in the United States
created the voluntary Code of Wartime Practices for American Broadcasters
was eventually censured by his colleagues in the Senate
presided over the Army-McCarthy hearings
13
Which of the following was not an attempt by government to control free speech?
the Smith Act of 1940
the Espionage Act of 1918
the Alien and Sedition Laws of 1798
the recording industry's content labels
14
The broadcast media:
are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.
have greater regulatory freedom than do the print media.
have complete freedom over content they place on their Web sites.
are regulated by state communications boards.
15
An early study that concentrated on the effects of movies on children was:
one of the Payne Fund studies.
the Cantril study.
the Marshall McLuhan study.
The People’s Choice study.
16
Philo T. Farnsworth:
invented the Audion tube.
developed the cathode ray tube to reproduce a clear electronic image
was a TV news pioneer.
turned an electronic signal into a visual image.
17
Recent developments in mass media industries include:
increase in $ from movies since 2005, reversing a 10-year downward trend
a steady decline in Internet advertising revenues from 2000 to 2010.
many major newspapers adding reporters due to high reporter profitability
newspapers launching online editions as income bc of print edition decline
18
Which event led to what has been called television’s finest four days?
the premiere of network news broadcasts
the JFK assassination
the Cold War
the Cuban Missile Crisis
19
The broadcast media:
have complete freedom over content they place on their Web sites.
are regulated by state communications boards.
have greater regulatory freedom than do the print media.
are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission.
20
Which British action turned most colonial printers into revolutionaries?
the Boston Tea Party
the trial of John Peter Zenger
passage of the Stamp Act
the burning of Washington
21
Grove Press in the late 1950s and early 1960s:
outraged consumers by publishing gay-themed books.
lost its fight against censorship in the Supreme Court.
challenged censorship laws by publishing Lady Chatterly's Lover + others
sold the first paperback books.
22
The National Information Infrastructure is:
the largest cable TV chain.
fed. gov’s effort to coordinate all different senders, channels &receivers.
run by the FCC.
the storage system for digitized information.
23
The inventor of the phonograph in 1877 was:
Emile Berliner
Thomas Edison
Joseph Maxfield
Peter Goldmark
24
Which of the following is an example of unethical journalistic behavior?
Joe Scarborough’s donation to a political candidate
a stock columnist’s providing advance information to friends
Jayson Blair’s fabricated stories
All of these answers are correct.
25
What was the U.S. federal government's first attempt to control the press?
the Newspaper Licensing Act
the Alien and Sedition Laws
the tax on new printing presses
the Stamp Act
26
The Radio Act of 1912:
required fed. licenses for people wanting to broadcast or receive messages
forbid commercials on radio.
dictated that broadcasters could operate only in New York City.
banned payola.
27
The man who created the long-playing record was:
Thomas Edison.
William S. Paley.
Peter Goldmark.
Emile Berliner.
28
A digital communication server is:
condensing digital information into a smaller electronic space.
enables a TV set to recognize digitized signals from a variety of sources.
one person’s communication through a transmitting device to large audiences
the equipment that delivers programs from their source to subscribers.
29
The ubiquity of advertising means that:
advertising appeals to those who love TV.
advertising is everywhere.
advertising is sold only to those who can pay for it.
advertising is everywhere.
30
The Cantril study of media effects found that:
children were greatly influenced by the movies they saw.
media content should be strictly controlled.
better-educated people were less likely to believe what the media said.
most people uncritically accepted information from the media.
31
The first publicity firms in the United States were hired to:
specifically garner public support for U.S. involvement in World War I.
get favorable news coverage for politicians.
overcome public criticism of railroads and other industries.
encourage the passage of legislation favorable to Wall Street.
32
United Artists was formed in rebellion against the big studios by:
Orson Welles, John Huston and Dalton Trumbo.
Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith.
Rudolph Valentino, Mary Pickford and D. W. Griffith.
Lillian Gish, Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks and Brad Pitt.
33
Studies by media scholar Carolyn Martindale concluded:
that non-white groups are presented as an integral part of American society
that Latinos are often portrayed as successful professionals on television.
that a climate of bi-racial coexistence is present in America’s newsrooms.
that non-white groups are visible “only in glimpses” in the media.
34
The U.S. mass media:
provide only entertainment.
provide everyone in the U.S. with the same mass media experience.
actively influence American society as well as mirror it.
deliver about 10 advertising messages each day, on average, to Americans
35
New York Times reporter Zachery Kouwe was suspended because he:
relied on insider friendships.
was caught in a conflict of interest.
created a composite character for a news story.
plagiarized portions of an article he wrote for The Times
36
The International Copyright Law of 1891 required:
that foreign authors be paid less for their work.
that all authors had to give permission to publish their work.
that publishers did not have to pay royalties to any author.
that only American authors had to be paid for their works.
37
Heinrich Hertz:
promoted advertising on the radio.
built the first wireless TV.
sent the first message by telegraph.
experimented with radio waves, which became known as Hertzian waves.
38
The average U.S. adult spends more than ____ of his or her waking life with the mass media.
75 percent
20 percent
30 percent
50 percent
39
Which of the following is NOT true about online advertising?
many commercial Web sites do not feature advertising.
ad robots can eavesdrop on online convos to analyze what type of ad to send
online advertising offers more opportunities for precise audience targeting
businesses are still figuring out a sustainable income model for content.
40
A readers’ representative (ombudsperson):
acts as a go-between from the public to the newsroom.
is always the editor of the paper.
is never responsible for the correction box in the paper.
is hired by the public to oversee local news operations.
41
Satellite radio generates revenues primarily through:
subscriptions
contributions
advertising
government subsidies
42
To prove libel, someone must show that:
All of these answers are correct.
the journalist or the print or broadcast organization is at fault.
the statement injured the person's reputation, income or mental anguish
the statement was communicated to a third party.
43
Magazines widened their audiences in the 1800s by:
All of these answers are correct.
discouraging political debate.
translating the essays of famous German and French writers.
catering to women.
44
The two researchers who played the most significant role in the technical development of television were:
David Sarnoff and William Paley.
Lee de Forest and Edward R. Murrow.
Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth.
Lee de Forest and David Sarnoff.
45
Who is responsible for setting up a schedule for the publishing of a book?
the production editor
the acquisitions editor
the media editor
the manufacturing supervisor
46
America’s first public showing of a motion picture was in:
1918
1912
1896
1888
47
Paperback books:
democratized reading in America.
All of these answers are correct.
became popular when Pocket Books began publishing best-sellers in 1939.
drastically lowered the price of books.
48
Eadweard Muybridge:
directed the first narrative film.
first photographed motion.
invented the kinetoscope.
opened the first nickelodeon.
49
The first publicity firm in the United States was called:
Lee and Parker.
The Council on Public Information.
The Publicity Bureau.
Jacoby & Meyers.
50
The first half of the 20th century brought which new media?
movies, radio, recordings and television
books, newspapers, television and radio
radio, recordings, books, and television
newspapers, magazines, movies and radio
51
In a practice adopted from radio, early television programs usually:
sold advertising mostly to soap companies.
carried direct sponsorship.
sold both 30- and 60-second spots to support network-produced programming.
set up bidding wars between competing sponsors.
52
Which of the following women was not an early public relations pioneer?
Anne Williams Wheaton
All were public relations pioneers
Doris E. Fleischman
Ida Tarbell
53
Which of the following is true?
The 45 rpm was David Sarnoff’s idea.
Thomas Edison designed the first jukebox.
David Sarnoff and William Paley formed a partnership to develop LP records.
The first records were 45 rpm.
54
What distinguished The Ladies' Home Journal from many other 19th-century publications?
It crusaded against patent medicine ads and venereal disease.
It printed intimate stories about marital relations.
It included political commentary.
It published recipes.
55
Which ethical question is raised by a reporter who misrepresents the facts or creates false stories?
fairness
responsibility
bias
truthfulness
56
Most of the income the mass media collect annually is from:
the government, in public subsidies
subscriptions
product sales
advertising
57
Which of the following best describes Rawls’ veil of ignorance?
Love your neighbor as yourself.
Justice emerges when negotiating without social differentiation.
Be gentle and kind with those less fortunate and intelligent.
Moral virtue is the appropriate location between two extremes.
58
Which of the following is not considered a mass media industry?
The Internet
Movies
Advertising
Books
59
The first TV newscasts:
were simulcast on network radio.
expanded to an hour by the 1980s.
were 15 minutes long.
explored topics in depth.
60
Early colonial newspapers:
supported the Stamp Act.
printed “Published by Authority” on the front to indicate British approval.
never sought financial support from England.
were free to criticize the government.
61
Which of the following is likely to take place during the second stage of Paul Saffo’s 30-Year Rule?
excitement
confusion
the setting of a new standard
lots of flux
62
Marshall McLuhan is best remembered for which concept?
Children are greatly influenced by the movies they see.
The medium is the message.
Advertising fulfills an economic function.
Television is too violent.
63
After the Roth and Miller cases, determining obscenity is the responsibility of:
state censorship boards.
local courts.
the U.S. Supreme Court.
local school boards.
64
Agenda-setting, as the term is typically used, refers to the flow of information from:
news organizations to their audiences and one news organization to another.
advertisers to their audiences.
audiences to advertisers.
assignment editors to the news reporters.
65
The two men who developed network TV and held the country’s largest interest in radio were:
Edward R. Murrow and Walter Cronkite.
Philo T. Farnsworth and Vladimir Zworykin.
Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch.
David Sarnoff and William Paley.
66
The audience for print news is:
declining.
declining.
getting younger.
growing.
67
Which of the following companies/institutions was the 1st to create an in-house public relations firm to do fundraising?
Chicago Edison
AT&T
University of Pennsylvania
The Washington, D.C., YMCA
68
The media faces all of these ethical issues except:
Aristotle’s golden mean.
Fromm’s treatise on love and mutual respect.
John Stuart Mill’s principle of utility.
Kant’s categorical imperative.
69
D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation:
All of these answers are correct.
cost 5 times more to make than any other American film up until that time
made Griffith the first famous director.
portrayed racial stereotypes.
70
________ analyzes how people use information they receive from the media:
Media effects research
Media content analysis
Media behavior theory
Magic bullet theory
71
Signal or data compression means:
one-way communication.
a nearly obsolete means of storing information.
a method of squeezing information into a tiny electronic package.
a two-way, viewer-controlled electronic process.
72
In 1887, Emile Berliner:
worked for Thomas Edison.
built Edison’s first phonograph.
created the 78 rpm record.
developed the gramophone, which replaced Edison’s cylinder.
73
The first book published in America was:
Poor Richard’s Almanack.
The Bay Psalm Book.
Pilgrim’s Progress.
Common Sense.
74
In the 1800s, many readers complained about:
ads about runaway livestock.
real estate ads.
All of these answers are correct.
patent medicine ads.
75
David Sarnoff:
was the first president of CBS.
received a distress call from the Titanic and became RCA's general manager
perfected a glass bulb called the Audion that could detect radio waves.
started KDKA, the first commercial radio station.
76
Because of the practice of block booking, movie theater owners:
All of these answers are correct.
raised their admission prices.
formed a boycott against Paramount.
were forced to accept several movies at once.
77
In the 1800s, most media owners’ response to consumer complaints about advertising was to:
develop an open ad policy, which allowed them to accept + criticize ads
ban questionable advertising.
accept all advertising, but direct complaints to the FTC
set up an industry-sponsored Bureau to discourage false claims
78
Lee de Forest:
started KDKA, the first commercial radio station.
perfected a glass bulb called the Audion that could detect radio waves.
conducted experiments that led to the first voice broadcast.
manufactured crystal detectors that could capture radio waves.
79
About 50 percent of all television stations in the United States are:
noncommercial
Independent
All these answers are correct.
affiliated with a network
80
The ________ is responsible for scheduling commercials on a radio station.
traffic department
general manager
program manager
account executives
81
A news council:
has ultimate enforcement power over media.
reviews complaints + has the auth. to file civil suits against news orgs
reviews complaints from the public + reports findings to offending news org
reveals the media’s mistakes to the public.
82
During World War II:
to prevent leaking info, reporters were barred from traveling in war zones
the federal government placed no limits on war reporting.
over 100 reporters were guilty for reporting war news
Prez Roosevelt created the Office of Censorship + Code of Wartime Practices
83
The term that describes the way that different people process messages differently is:
selective perception
intrapersonal communication
vertical integration
mass communication
84
Codes of ethics established by professional and industry groups:
are voluntary and carry no penalties.
must be approved by regulatory bodies, such as the FTC and FCC.
have the force of law, and violators can be prosecuted.
have the force of law, but are rarely enforced.
85
Daniel Boorstin said advertising in the United States has which of the following characteristics?
repetition
an advertising style
All of these answers are correct.
ubiquity
86
Sarah Josepha Hale
supported higher education and property rights for women.
edited Godey’s Lady’s Book for 40 years.
All of these answers are correct.
helped Godey’s circulation rise.
87
The belief that the U.S. press should be free from government control originated with the:
Sixth Amendment.
New Deal.
First Amendment.
Declaration of Independence.
88
The alternative press:
is also called the dissident press.
was revived in the late 1950s and 1960s.
All of these answers are correct.
challenged the conventional wisdom and espoused “radical” ideas.
89
The word ethics derives from the Greek word ethos, which means:
respect for the rights of others.
truth above all else.
fairness to all humans.
traditions that govern a culture.
90
W. E. B. Du Bois:
founded The New Yorker magazine.
edited The Nation.
was one of Samuel S. McClure’s famous muckrakers.
founded and edited The Crisis, the NAACP’s magazine which still publishes.