Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?

one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned

A focus of environmental science not studied in ecology is the

influence of humans on the environment.

A true statement about parasitism is that parasites

may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators

The current rate of species extinction is

attributable to the actions of humans.

The ecosystem approach to conservation is partly based on the idea that

a healthy biosphere requires intact ecosystems.

The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to

protect farmland from being developed.

Which of the following reproductive situations will limit a population’s biotic potential?

the maximum number of offspring each individual can produce

Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?

using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops

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Environmental Science Final exam review

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Questions 75

Answers

1
Which of the following converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?
bacteria
protists
animals
fungi
2
Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?
one in a cool climate with a good ventilation system
one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned
one in an urban area where windows are often open
one that hasn't been repainted/ recarpeted in several years
3
With respect to energy, Earth is a(n)
stationary system
closed system
open system
unstable system
4
A focus of environmental science not studied in ecology is the
interaction among living things
influence of humans on the environment.
both (a) and (b)
use of natural resources
5
Which of the following is a disadvantage for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion?
not enough warm water
can only be done in cold areas
inefficient plants
not enough cold water
6
What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
4,000 °C to 5,000 °C
300°C to 400°C
400°C to 500°C
3,000°C to 4,000°C
7
What is reforestation?
removing all trees from an area
removing selected trees from an area
replanting trees in an area
none of the above
8
A heat exchanger is used in
active solar heating.
geothermal power plants
passive solar heating
wind turbines
9
Each of the following is an example of a parasite except
mistletoe on a tree
a cow in a pasture.
a tick on a cat
a roundworm in a human's intestine
10
The major human causes of extinction today are
polluting and introducing non-native species
both (a) and (b)
hunting and destroying habitats
neither (a) nor (b)
11
Which of the following is a side effect of heat islands?
increased precipitation
drought
lower temperatures
lower precipitation
12
Which factor contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?
more food, better hygiene
higher fertility rates
higher birth rates
increased immigration
13
The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is called
mean
statistics
probability
distribution
14
A true statement about parasitism is that parasites
are always animals and never plants
may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators
immediately kill their hosts
do not live on or in their hosts' bodies
15
The current rate of species extinction is
the result of natural environmental process
attributable to the actions of humans.
slower than at any other time in this century
of little consequence to Earth's long-term survival
16
Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?
they are single-celled
they have cell nuclei
They usually have cell walls.
they have the ability to make their own food
17
Which of the following would not be a consequence of a rise in global temperature?
increased frequency of major storms
increased frequency of major droughts
rising sea level
c. increased polar ice mass
18
Acid mine drainage
purifies streams
causes acid rain
is unregulated in the United States
harms or kills aquatic life.
19
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become
slower
wider
all of the above
warmer
20
Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?
stone ages
ice ages
modern Age
bronze and iron ages
21
An area prone to landslides is an example of
open space
marginal land.
rangeland
rural land
22
The ecosystem approach to conservation is partly based on the idea that
human needs are of secondary importance
a healthy biosphere requires intact ecosystems.
all rare species should be relocated to regional preserves
keystone species are genetically superior to other organisms
23
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
lakes and ponds
marshes and swamps
littoral zones and benthic zones
rivers and streams
24
The relationship between acacia trees and the ants that live on them is an example of
Mutualism.
predation
parasitism
commensalism
25
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
sewage
oil spills
all of the above
pesticides
26
The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is called
slag
smelt
flux
dredge
27
Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are
bacteria.
all of the above
fungi
protist
28
Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by
surface mining
movement of wind and water.
subsurface mining
evaporation and condensation
29
Which of the following might occur as a result of plastic trash accumulating in the ocean?
All of the above
sea birds are strangled by plastic six-pack rings
sea mammals become tangled in clear plastic fishing lines
turtles mistake clear plastic bags for jellyfish ingest them
30
Between 1880 and 1930 human population doubled due to
All of the above
improvements in societal infrastructure and services
a combination of high birth rates and low death rates
the industrial revolution
31
Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?
krill
algae
leopard seal
killer whale
32
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
all of the above
herbivores
decomposers
omnivores
33
In the _____ zone, the water is cool and dark.
plankton
eutrophic
littoral
benthic
34
Which of the following contributes most to acid precipitation?
radon and ozone
all of the above
burning of fossil fuels
ethanol
35
The percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work is
energy conversion
energy efficiency.
renewable energy
energy conservation
36
The number of wild horses per square kilometer in a prairie is the horse populations
size
density
birth rate
dispersion
37
The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to
protect farmland from being overtaken by natural grasses
protect farmland from environmental damage from pollution
protect farmland from being developed.
protect farmland from damage by wild grazing animals
38
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an example of
risk
skepticism
correlation
distribution
39
Which of the following reproductive situations will limit a population’s biotic potential?
the size of offspring each individual can produce
the number of interactions each individual has
the maximum number of offspring each individual can produce
the minimum number of offspring each pair can produce
40
Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation?
pH 7.3
pH 6.0
pH 4.1
pH 9.6
41
In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly?
Norway
Germany
Australia
Kenya
42
The relationship between a Canadian lynx and a snowshoe hare is an example of
parasite and host
competition
mutualism
predator and prey.
43
What part of Earth encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy they need?
biosphere
lithosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
44
Which areas of the United States represent ecosystems with high levels of biodiversity?
Hawaiian Islands
coastal California
All of the above
Florida Everglades
45
Scientists use statistics to
analyze data.
all of the above
communicate ideas to each other
graph data
46
All of these fields of study contribute to environmental science except
c. linguistics.
social sciences
biology and earth sciences
physics and chemistry
47
The U.S. Census Bureau defines an urban area as an area that contains more than
25,000 people
250 people
250,000 people
2,500 people.
48
How can zoos, botanic gardens, and wildlife parks help save species?
Both (a) and (c)
by preserving threatened species from destruction
by collecting species from remote wilderness areas
by participating in captive breeding programs
49
Why are mathematical models important?
they can represent how a system or process works
they are especially useful in situations with many variables
the can be used to create useful digital images
all of the above
50
Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?
increase the use of synthetic pesticides
use ocean water instead of groundwater to irrigate crops
using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops
adopt no-till farming methods
51
What can be done to sustain the productivity of rangeland?
eliminate invasive plants
leave the land unused for a time
All of the above
limit herd size
52
Much of the oil and natural gas in the United States is located in
Alaska, California, Michigan, and Nevada
Alaska, Minnesota, New York, and Texas
Alaska, Texas, California, and the Gulf of Mexico.
Texas, Colorado, New York, and the Gulf of Mexico
53
The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by
all of the above
the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals
the condition of the atmosphere's protective ozone layer
the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington
54
Which of the following is a developing nation?
france
ethiopia
canada
the united states
55
Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of
The secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals
the gradual accumulation and fusion of skeletons of fish
volcanic activity that is common in tropical marine environ.
minerals that are washed from land ecosystems and build up
56
Scientists predict population sizes by using
age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration
age structure, fertility rate, and migration
survivorship, migration, life expectancy, and replacement
replacement rate, fertility rate, age rates and survivorship
57
Which of the following is Earth’s densest atmospheric layer?
stratosphere
mesosphere
troposphere
thermosphere
58
Which of the following is not an environmental function of wetlands?
trapping carbon that would be released into the air
absorbing and removing pollutants from water
increasing runoff
controlling floods
59
When animals are placed in controlled or restrictive environments, they
are less likely to compete
have a low rate of genetic disorders because their gene pool
become immune to infectious diseases that are common
may have difficulty meeting their basic survival needs.
60
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?
zooplankton
barnacles
phytoplankton
fish
61
Which of the following is not an ecosystem?
coral reef
vacant lot
oak forest
utility pole
62
The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by
inadequate medical care
widespread malnutrition
lack of clean water.
rats and other rodents
63
Most land animals depend on angiosperms for
food
reproduction
water
all of the above
64
Reasons for preserving biodiversity include all of the following except
finding new plants that can supplement the world's food sup.
preventing natural evolution.
increasing the chances of discovering organisms with medi.
isolating unique genetic material so it can be incorporated
65
What are wind and water erosion not likely to affect?
mountains
tides
soils
rocks
66
Solar energy, or energy from the sun, is contained in
all nonrenewable resources
uranium
radioactive waste
fossil fuels.
67
Erosion is most likely when the soil is
planted to forest
plowed along the contour of the land
covered with grass
bare and exposed to wind and rain.
68
Land where it is possible to grow crops is called
arable land.
all of the above
vegetative land
organic land
69
An example of a population is
all animals in a forest
all plants in a forest
all maple trees in a forest.
all trees in a forest
70
Organisms can adapt
to their physical surroundings
both (a) and (b)
to other organisms
neither (a) nor (b)
71
No-till farming helps to conserve soil fertility because
remnants of the previous crop are left to slowly decay.
deep ridges are cut across, not down, the slope of hills
the ground is carefully turned to mix soil nutrients
only organic fertilizers and natural pesticides are used
72
Many angiosperms depend on
animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds.
plants for food
other animals in the oceans
gymnosperms for reproducing
73
Which of the following is not a strategy that could slow population growth?
economic incentives
limiting education for women
public advertising
legal punishments
74
Which of the following best describes the effect of a mountain range on the climate of a region
a desert is often found on the inland side of the range
avg. temp. are lower at high elevations than base of mounts.
the coastal side of the range usually has high rain levels
All of the above
75
Which of the following is not a main use of fuel?
cooking
manufacturing
heating and cooling buildings
transportation

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