APWH Modern Periodization

South Asia is partitioned into India and Pakistan

The Spanish, Dutch, French, and British establish sea-based empires in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

Meiji Restoration causes rapid industrialization and expansion for Japan

China experiences a population surge due to the transplanting of American crops and the global flow of American silver.

Invasions, disease, and a “Little Ice Age” decimate Eurasian urban centers starting the European Middle Ages

Sepoys revolt against British rule in India.

European Christianity forms syncretic religious beliefs with indigenous Latin American and Caribbean faiths.

After being humiliated by the British in the Opium Wars, China experiences a massive internal rebellion.

SCRIBE is a good acronym to remember what time period?

New elites who serve as a bureaucracy (i.e. Janissaries, zamindars, boyars)

Global power structure is characterized by superpowers of the US and the USSR

The Tanzimat Reform in the Ottoman Empire attempts to secularize education and define individuals equal before the law.

Europeans learn the astrolabe from Muslims, develop the caravel, and navigate around the southern tip of Africa.

Portugal creates a trading post empire in the India Ocean.

Buddhist and Daoist ideas blend with Confucianism to form Neo-Confucianism, the new state ideology in China.

Trading blocks of nations form; global organizations emerge to facilitate trade.

The Manchus overthrow the Ming and establish the Qing dynasty in China.

Migration leads to cultural enclaves in major urban areas. They often experience legal discrimination.

Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta travel and interpret the world through their cultural lenses.

Massive urbanization and industrialization in Europe lead to emergence of the middle and industrial working classes.

An exchange of crops, culture, animals, and disease pathogens begins between Afro-Eurasia and the Americas.

Pro-democracy movements are successful in Eastern Europe but crushed in East Asia.

Imperialism pushes Europeans to colonize the continent of Africa and to project power in much of Asia.

Abbasid Dynasty, Islamic caliphate

Slavery is replaced by indentured servitude as the primary source of agricultural labor in the Americas.

New racial classifications, such as mestizo, mulatto, and creole, emerge in colonial Latin America.

DEPICT is a good acronym to remember what time period?

Command economies emerge in Russia and China.

An influx of American silver funds monumental architecture in Mughal India, such as the Taj Mahal.

Aztecs build a decentralized state based on the collection of tribute and an ag system called chinampas.

Banana Republics, whose economies focused on a single export, formed in Latin America.

Major trade cities include Novgorod, Timbuktu, Malacca, and Kilwa.

National identities form out of common cultural, ethnic, linguistic or religious traits leading to new countries

The Chinese invade Vietnam, discover quick-ripening Champa rice, and experience a population increase.

The Russian and Ottoman Empires collapse.

Enlightenment ideas about liberty and political legitimacy lead to revolutions

Sikhism develops in India combining Hinduism and Islam

Human population increases due to medical and scientific advances such as antibiotics and polio vaccinations.

Global conflicts reap unprecedented civilian casualties because of total war.

A substantial number of Asians migrate to the Americas for agricultural labor.

Eurasian land trade routes continue but are surpassed in volume by maritime routes in the Indian Ocean.

A collection of city-states along the east coast of Africa reach their peak in Indian Ocean trade.

RAISING is a good acronym to remember what time period?

The Russian Empire emancipates serfs in order to create a new labor force.

Arabic numerals and Greek scholarship pass to Europe after interaction of the Crusades.

The Ottoman army, based on conscripted Janissaries, clash with their Shia Safavid neighbors.

European merchants in Southeast Asia must depend upon Asian women to gain access to trade.

Eurasian nomads create the largest contiguous empire in history. Silk Road trade is revived.

Islamic world is unified culturally in Dar al-Islam

After the Battle of Talas, paper technology spreads from the Chinese to the Muslims.

GERMS is a good acronym to remember what time period?

The Grand Canal, a major state funded project to stimulate the economy, is created by the Sui Dynasty in China.

European countries use joint-stock companies to expand their imperial control

The silver trade creates globalization for the first time.

A slave revolt in the Caribbean creates a free black republic.

Religious fundamentalism forms in the Americas and Middle East as reaction to globalization.

After Mohammad’s visions, Islam unifies the Arab people and creates a durable monotheistic religion.

Groups such as the Marathas in South Asia and the Taiping in East Asia challenge imperial rule.

Women’s suffrage movements are successful in Europe and North America