PSY 340 Exam 2 Study Guide

_____ is a hypothesized brain mechanism that is devoted to understanding other people.

The main criticism of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model is

Five-year-olds, but not most younger kids, can represent an object's position in relation to

Which intervention has been shown to change children's fixed/entity viewpoints?

At approximately what age does the sensitive period for readily developing language end?

B. F. Skinner believed that everything we do in life, every action, is an operant response influenced by

Which term refers to the social context that language users utilize to determine word meaning?

What level of concepts do children typically learn FIRST?

Piaget believed that infants could only form _____, which is the coding of spatial locations relative to one's own body.

All Lincoln does is suck on his fist and eat. According to Freud, this stage of development is called the _____ stage.

When reflexive, unlearned behavior becomes anticipatory in response to a recognized stimulus, _____ has occurred.

Which statement does NOT support a nativist view of how children acquire biological knowledge?

Parental-investment theory stresses the _____ basis of many aspects of parental behavior.

At about what age are children able to visually track slowly moving objects?

According to Freud, the "pleasure principle" is the goal of

Which of Erikson's stages lasts for the first year of life?

Language is a _____ behavior, which means that only humans acquire language in the normal course of development.

Freud would argue that an adult who is compulsively tidy has unresolved issues from the

The SMALLEST units of meaning in a language are called

Which ability BEST defines fluid intelligence?

Even very young infants are especially attracted to faces. They look longer at

Which of Freud's insights is fundamental to modern cognitive psychology and brain science?

Thirteen-month-old Lydia calls all men Daddy. This example illustrates

The active child theme is BEST exemplified by

In adolescence and adulthood, individuals with a history of maltreatment are NOT at increased risk for

Changes in the smallest units of meaningful sound in a language, called _____, can also change the meaning of a word.

The violation-of-expectancy procedure provides evidence that

According to Freud, internalized standards arise from

Which point of view on language development has been advanced by Noam Chomsky?

With which outcome has g NOT been shown to correlate positively in previous research?

Which theorist proposed a stage theory of development?

At the level of cognitive and brain mechanisms, with which factor has g been shown to correlate?

At approximately what age do infants begin to prefer manual (hand) exploration over oral (mouth) exploration?

The permissible combinations of words from different categories (nouns, verbs, etc.) are referred to as

Elementary units of meaningful sounds that are used to produce languages are called

Modern-day research on identity development in adolescence is highly influenced by which theorist?

Which theorist placed the MOST emphasis on the quest for identity in adolescence?

Which structure is NOT a part of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model?

Sally has very high general intelligence; thus, research suggests she also is likely to have very high

Eli is just beginning to engage in pretend play. MOST likely, Eli is which age?

Which statement BEST describes cultural influences on infants' visual patterns?

Which theorist proposed 8 stages of development, including basic trust versus mistrust and autonomy vs shame & doubt?

A person with an entity view of intelligence believes that his or her intelligence level is

Perceptual categorization refers to the grouping of objects based on

Which factor is NOT one of Thurstone's primary mental abilities?

Intermodal perception refers to

What developmental skill will help infants learn about the spatial layout of the house in which they live?

The possibilities for action offered by objects and situations are known as

Which example illustrates a category hierarchy that moves from the superordinate to the basic to the subordinate level?

Which of these is NOT an example of sensation?

Which term refers to whether children are inspired by learning goals or performance goals?

Infants who habituate relatively rapidly and thus showed a preference for novelty tend to

The coding of spatial locations relative to one's own body, without regard to surroundings, is referred to as

Which characteristic is NOT typical of children who have imaginary friends?

A child's taking apart a toy to see how it works is best seen as an investigation of

Bandura's concept that child–environment influences operate in both directions is called

Classic studies with bumpy and smooth pacifiers demonstrate that infants are capable of

Preschoolers realize that growth, like inheritance, is a product of

Who developed the 1st intelligence test that focused on predicting childrens school performance & individual differences

A benefit of viewing intelligence as “many processes” is

The ability to inhibit actions, follow rules, and avoid impulsive reactions is referred to as

Perceptual narrowing refers to the phenomenon wherein

In typical motor development, _____ comes before _____.

Which personality structure is the earliest and most primitive of those posited by Freud?

A newborn's first few months of life are dominated by _____ exploration.

A primary weakness of the learning approach is its lack of attention to

Which example BEST illustrates a superordinate-level concept?

Which of these terms did Freud use to describe erotically sensitive parts of the body?

In Carroll's three-stratum theory of intelligence, which factor is at the top of the hierarchy?

Binet's theoretical approach to intelligence has led to continued research on

Which of these would be considered positive reinforcement?

The fact that children have been shown to perform well on dissimilar intellectual tasks is supportive of

An infant coming to appreciate that a flat surface is suitable for walking is an example of the discovery of

According to Selman, what is the ability to think about something from another person’s point of view?

Which statement is TRUE regarding infants' perception abilities at birth?

Which factor has NOT been shown to support spatial development?

Someone who wants to study behavior in the context of evolutionary processes would be examining the field of

Which factor is NOT a cognitive process involved in social learning?

_____ analyses of how people solve intelligence test items reveal that a great many processes are involved.

At approximately what age do a majority of children recognize plants as living things?

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children is MOST consistent with which framework of intelligence?

According to Chomsky’s nativist view, all languages share common principles & rules that govern their use. This is

Children who have been _____ are particularly likely to attribute anger to others, even in neutral situations.

At what point in personality development would the superego first appear, according to the theory of Sigmund Freud?