What did iconoclasts want?

the rejection or destruction of religious images

What is considered to be Justinian’s greatest achievement?

developing a unified set of clear and consistent laws

When early caliphs like Abu Bakr conquered populations, how were those groups taxed?

Non-Muslims paid higher taxes than Muslims, unless they converted to Islam.

What caused the rift between Sunni and Shiite Muslims?

They disagreed over who was qualified to serve as caliph.

Who were Cyril and Methodius?

missionaries who spread religion and translated the Bible

According to the Five Pillars of Islam, which of the following should Muslims NOT do?

feast during the day in the month of Ramadan

It is a shrine and place of prayer located in Mecca.

How was the Hijrah a turning point in Islam?

The Hijrah, Muhammad’s move to Medina, is the start of the Islamic calendar

What role did the qadis play in Muslim society?

They were authorities on Islamic law who served as judges.

How did scholars in Baghdad preserve knowledge from past cultures?

by translating ancient texts into Arabic

Why was Constantinople’s geographic location important?

Its location between Asia and Europe permitted trade between east and west.

What historical event is known as the Hijrah?

Muhammad’s relocation from Mecca to Medina

What designs adorned the walls of mosques created during the Islamic Golden Age?

geometric shapes and floral images

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Byzantine & Caliphates Review

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Questions 21

Answers

1
When Justinian was too sick to perform his duties, who ruled the Byzantine Empire?
his wife, Theodora
his biographer, Procopius
his uncle, Justin I
his general, Belisarius
2
What did the most damage to the Byzantine Empire in the 500s?
the plague
overspending on building projects
religious disagreements
Germanic invasions
3
What did iconoclasts want?
similar rights for high and low classes
the rejection or destruction of religious images
increased power and wealth for the Muslims
the veneration and preservation of religious images
4
What is considered to be Justinian’s greatest achievement?
developing the empire’s infrastructure with new bridges and forts
developing a unified set of clear and consistent laws
containing the spread of the plague
ordering construction of the Hippodrome
5
When early caliphs like Abu Bakr conquered populations, how were those groups taxed?
Non-Muslims paid higher taxes than Muslims, unless they converted to Islam.
All Muslims and non-Muslims paid the same amount of tax.
All Muslims paid higher taxes than non-Muslims.
Non-Muslims paid no taxes, but their land was taken by the Muslim rulers.
6
What caused the rift between Sunni and Shiite Muslims?
They disagreed over the amount of zakat tax that Muslims should pay.
They disagreed over who was qualified to serve as caliph.
They disagreed over which non-Muslim groups should have protected status.
They disagreed over which texts represented the word of Allah.
7
Muhammad established an umma at Medina. What is an umma?
a month of daytime fasting
an Islamic community
a tax used to support the poor
a shrine to Allah
8
Who were Cyril and Methodius?
mathematicians who expanded on Greco-Roman knowledge
missionaries who spread religion and translated the Bible
emperors who reconquered territory that had belonged to the Roman Empire
historians who documented the Macedonian dynasty
9
According to the Five Pillars of Islam, which of the following should Muslims NOT do?
travel to Mecca on a pilgrimage
give a portion of their income to the poor
pray in the direction of Mecca five times a day
feast during the day in the month of Ramadan
10
What did Justinian do to Roman law when creating his Corpus of Civil Law?
He added new laws to Roman law
He eliminated Roman laws that were no longer relevant.
all of the above
He consolidated and edited Roman laws.
11
What is the Kaaba?
It is a shrine and place of prayer located in Mecca.
It is the grassy area of oases, used for grazing.
It is a type of food consumed during specific holidays in Islam.
It is the leadership role in a Bedouin clan.
12
How was the Hijrah a turning point in Islam?
The Hijrah was the first Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca.
The Hijrah marked the conversion of the Kaaba into an Islamic shrine.
The Hijrah was the point when Shiite and Sunni Muslims divided.
The Hijrah, Muhammad’s move to Medina, is the start of the Islamic calendar
13
Which branch of mathematics was created by Muslim scholar al-Khwarizmi?
algebra
calculus
geometry
trigonometry
14
What role did the qadis play in Muslim society?
They were the most politically powerful of the caliphs.
They were authorities on Islamic law who served as judges.
They were teachers in the mosques.
They were military generals.
15
What term refers to the Muslim leader acting as a successor to Muhammad?
caliph
umma
hajj
sheikh
16
In the seventh century, which conquerors wrested Palestine and Egypt from the Byzantine Empire?
Arabs from the Muslim empire
Normans from France
Huns from Central Asia
Germans from the Visigoth kingdom
17
How did scholars in Baghdad preserve knowledge from past cultures?
by translating ancient texts into Arabic
by storing ancient texts using archive-quality methods
by making ancient texts accessible in lending libraries
by publishing copies of ancient texts using woodblock printing
18
Why was Constantinople’s geographic location important?
Its location on the Tiber River allowed for easier travel.
Its location between Asia and Europe permitted trade between east and west.
Its location between mountain ranges allowed for natural boundaries.
Its location in a fertile valley allowed agriculture to flourish.
19
What historical event is known as the Hijrah?
Muhammad’s military conquest of Mecca
the death of Muhammad
Muhammad’s relocation from Mecca to Medina
the angel Gabriel speaking to Muhammad
20
What designs adorned the walls of mosques created during the Islamic Golden Age?
paintings of the prophet Muhammad
geometric shapes and floral images
images of mythical animals
images of important caliphs in Islamic history
21
What did many Christians use to communicatedirectly with holy figures?
icons
hymns
monks
holy water

Byzantine & Caliphates Review Flashcards | StudBud