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Chapter 8 - Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 8 - Chemistry
Chapter 8 - Chemistry
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1
Emulsions are held together by an emulsifying agent called a/an
surfactant
ointment
suspension
paste
2
Physical properties
include the change of iron to rust
include melting and boiling points
involve a chemical change in a substance's identity
are determined with a chemical reaction
3
Substances that are miscible
are held together with surfactants
are highly concentrated
do not mix with each other
are easy to mix together
4
Volatile alcohols do all of the following except
are found in shampoos and conditioners
evaporate slowly
are obtained from fermentation
function as solvents
5
The percentage of the human body that is composed of water is
65 percent
25 percent
88 percent
75 percent
6
The mixtures called suspensions
tend to separate over time
are not usually transparent
have particles visible to the naked eye
all of the above
7
An example of a pure substance is
table salt
water
pure air
aluminum foil
8
Permanent haircolor creates a
compound change
elemental change
physical change
chemical change
9
Depilatories remove superfluous hair by
pulling it out of the follicle
cutting it at the skin line
dissolving it at the skin line
dissolving it down to the root
10
The pH of a substance measures its
degree of hardness
acidity and alkalinity
melting point and boiling point
mineral content
11
A compound that, at different strengths, is a bleaching agent for the hair and an antiseptic is
hydrogen peroxide
glycerin
witch hazel
sodium bicarbonate
12
Silicones are a special type of oil that
are used on hair but not skin
are not water resistant
does not cause comedones
are greasier than plain oils
13
Matter is anything that occupies space and
can be burned
is a form of energy
has physical and chemical properties
is solid
14
Dissolving a solid, liquid, or gas in another substance produces a/an
surfactant
solution
emulsion
suspension
15
Inorganic substances include
pesticides
minerals
coal
plastics
16
An example of a physical mixture is
water
concrete
sodium chloride
aluminum foil
17
A substance from which oxygen has been removed is a/an
reduced substance
hydrogenated substance
emulsified substance
oxidized substance
18
The water used in the manufacture of cosmetics is processed by
boiling
desalination
adding minerals
distilling
19
Cleansing lotions differ from cleansing creams in that lotions
are heavier
are usually water-based
are harsher on the skin
are usually oil-based
20
Chemical combinations of two or more atoms of different elements are
compound molecules
compound atoms
physical mixtures
elemental molecules
21
In the chemical reaction called oxidation, an element or compound combines with
water
oxygen
hydrogen
an oxide
22
Chemical reactions that give off heat are called
alkaline
exothermic
endothermic
neutral
23
Acids and alkalis mixed together in equal proportions
form a salt and an oxide
neutralize each other
form dangerous compounds
form water and an oxide
24
Oxidation and redution are referred to as
distillation
demineralization
ionization
redox reactions
25
Only aqueous (water) solutions have
oxygen
pH
hydrogen
surfactants
26
Hard water can be softened by distillation or by the use of
calcium salts
sodium chloride
magnesium salts
sodium carbonate
27
Sodium chloride, or salt, is an example of a/an
physical mixture
compound
oxide
elemental molecule
28
A solute is a
substance that is dissolved in another substance
substances that dissolves another substance
mixture of two or more mixable substances
concentrated solution
29
Soaps are made by mixing plant oils or animal fats with
glycerin
alkaline substances
acidic substances
lather
30
An element
is matter in a gas form
is the smallest unit of matter
is formed by chemically joining two or more atoms
cannot chemically be separated into simpler substances
31
As steam, water is in its
plasma state
solid state
liquid state
gas state
32
The ingredient in moisturizing creams that creates a barrier to keep the natural water & oil in skin tissues is called a
humectant
degreaser
surfactant
freshener
33
Compared to the skin and hair, water is
10 times more acidic
100 times more alkaline
100 times more acidic
the same pH
34
Alkalis have a pH above 7.0 and
turn litmus paper from blue to red
soften and swell the hair
tighten the skin
taste sour
35
An oxide is any element combined with
carbon
sulfur
oxygen
hydrogen
36
Ammonia is a colorless gas composed of
hydrogen and oxygen
hydrogen and nitrogen
carbon and oxygen
nitrogen and oxygen
37
The pH of pure water is
5.5
4.5
9.6
7.0
38
The basic building blocks of all matter are
compounds
atoms
molecules
elements
39
Compounds are classified as acids, salts, oxides, and
mixtures
solutions
emulsions
bases
40
A physical mixture is a combination of two or more substances united physically and
in any proportions
in definite proportions
with distinct properties
with a fixed chemical composition
41
Solutions with a pH below 7.0
taste bitter
feel slippery
turn litmus paper from red to blue
contract and harden the hair
42
Mayonnaise is a type of
emulsion
compound
surfactant
solution
43
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is called an
ion
element
acid
alkali
44
Organic chemistry is the study of substances containing
hydrogen
carbon
oxygen
water
45
For barbering procedures, the best type of water is
soft water
hard water
spring water
boiled water