APES EXAM REVIEW

to construct their shells, phytoplankton get carbon dioxide directly from

Levels of CO2 throughout history can best be measured using:

Which of the following is best described as storage of potential energy?

Before being transported, natural gas must be rid of poisonous:

all of the following are major carbon storage reservoirs EXCEPT

The habitat for spotted owls is:

Dendritic drainager is ...

The kissimmee River in Florida is an example of

Igneous rock granite is subjected to intense heat and pressure but doesn't melt, it becomes..

which one is a "Secondary source" that must be produced using another nonrenewable energy

Which statement BEST describes physical weathering? (breaking of a rock into smaller pieces)

Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed primarly of

the earth has about how many tectonic plates?

What % of evaporated water worldwide comes from land?

Which of the following forces helps keep rock in the earth's interior hot and molten?

Hoover Dam and Glen Canyon Dam manage which river ?

Volcanoes, fossil fuel combustion and fires contribute to pollution in the form of:

Topsoil, the layer that supports crops, is also known as the

Which of the following human activities can alter both the carbon and nitrogen cycles?

An acre-foot of water is 

The portion of earth's biosphere that is closest to the core is

The Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 was

unless these 2 natural phenomena are in balance global atmospheric co2 accumulates rapidly

An insufficient amount of protein and calories in a person's diet can result in

hydrology, types of vegetation, and types of soil are used to determine if an area is 

The major determinants of forest type are

How much higher are carbon dioxide levels today compared to the 1700s?

Dolomitization occurs when

Elevated levels of carbon dioxide from global warming have which of the following effects?

Industrial population growth includes:

without these organism, the geological carbon cycle could not take place:

A rock composed of pebble-sized sediment with edges not well rounded is called

When a population exceeds the environments carrying capacity:

The following factors contribute to an increase in a populations size:

Most phosphate originates from 

which of the following illustrates a water budget?

the open ocean is divided into the euphotic, bathyl and abyssal zone based on

Unconventional natural gas sources include

After operating for up to 60 years nuclear plants must be renovated for which reason?

Which characteristic is typical of a K-selected species?

Plants, mosses, and bacteria break down rocks through

Using reclaimed water, preventing runoff,and using dry cooling systems are all methods of

What is the benefit of contour plowing?

The growth of a crop can be prevented by a shortage of a chemical element known as:

The types of crops that are used directly by a farmer or sold locally are...

All of the following are typically derived from fossil fuels Except

Of oil drilled offshore In U.S. Waters, about 90% is recovered from under

Vernal pools are

A tropical storm is renamed a hurricane when wind speeds exceed

Fissionable uranium 235 contains a total of 235...

energy sources ordered from greatest to smallest percentage of total energy usage in the u.s ?

The USDA cites the greatest number of threatened plant species im which biome?

Most of the worlds oil is located beneath countries in

What kind of power plant produces water flowing through a control rate generating electricity

Most divergent plate boundaries are difficult for scientists to study because most are located

On average, an ENSO event occurs every

The topsoil is composed of:

The two final products of nitrification are

A genetically diverse population is more likely to include the individuals that..

A drought occers when

Which of the following pollution simultaneously releases pollutants containing C,N, and S?

According to Nicolaus Steno, if rock layer 1 sits above rock layer 2, rock layer 1 is

The draining of wetlands was authorized by which legislation? 

Building and construction sites mainly affect water purity by

calcium carbohydrate shells dissolve as it collects at a shallower depth the dividing line is

All the land from which water drains to a common lake or river is considered to be part of same

A temperate rain forest, such as the one on the west coast of North America, primarily has

The National Plant Germplasm System provides

Soil erosion has increased due to all of the following activities EXCEPT:

In addition to cooling a nuclear reactors core, a fluid known as coolant serves the purpose of

Bt, or Bacillus thuringiensis, belongs to which category of pesticide?

As opposed to K-selected species, r-selected species usually has 

In the U.S. , what % of the total annual renewable water supply is withdrawn for use by people?

Precipitation will fall when the humidity is at

The greatest amount of organic matter in the soil is found in

What byproduct of manufacturing is slowly released from sediments into water and biomagnified?

Which of the following clues can tell seismologists where an earthquake is likely to occur?

Air pressure is measured using a

Biologists have an emergency action plan for identifying about 25 "hot spots" b/c they contain

When a forest is harvested at a rate that does not decrease supply year after year

Solubility describes a mineral's

Nicolaus Steno's law of horizontality says that sediments get thinner at

Genetic diversity, species diversity, ecological diversity, and functional diversity are best

What percentage of the earth's original rain forests have been cleared?

Carrying an apple across the room and bringing a pot of water to boil are both described as

subduction zones tend to produce deep undersea trenches as a result of

The Aral Sea provides an example of the consequence of 

Which of the following requires the most water to produce?

Carnivores get the majority of their usable nitrogen compounds from:

Approximately what percentage of crops are destroyed by pests, spoilage, and disease?

Which freshwater lake zone would you expect to find the greatest amount of waterborne plants?

Heating methods involve the most efficient conversion from its naturally occurring form to heat

Human's can increase an area's biodiversity when they:

Which of these crops are mainly GMO crops?

El Nino contributes to temporary global warming because it:

sugars and carbohydrates are products of

An agricultural field that is not harvested for at least a season is

Which fossil fuel releases the LEAST amount of Carbon into the air?

Water pollution+breeding between farmed and wild types put which species on the endangered list

Which of the following terms describes the addition of water to the atmosphere by plants?

Which of the following terms describes the ability of lava to flow?

The purpose of the Wilderness Act of 1964 was

Studying rocks through a microscope or with a hand lens is called

The oxidation of a rock may produce...

Farmers use terracing to prevent soil erosion. Which best describes this practice:

Resources such as groundwater that are being consumed faster can be resupplied as

Which continent has the greatest percentage area of agriculture?

Evaporation involves the conversion of

magma fills the gap between tectonic plates, forming new crust at 

Which of these does NOT have a natural source?

Most of the carbon in the earth's crust is stored in

An isobar on a weather map connects areas of

Most Atlantic Hurricanes form off the coast of 

Of earth's three major layers, which one contains the greatest amount of molten rock?

Which of the following ecological levels of organization are arranged from largest to smallest?

Which of the following examples orders geological time units from shortest to longest

Which of the following lists of terms is organized from most specific to most inclusive?

Pedocal soils are characterized by large accumulations of:

Brief, intense grazing done by wild herds in a small area that eat everything before moving on:

When a populations growth adjusts to approximate the environments carrying capacity it is:

A transform fault, two tectonic plates move

Minimum tillage is a farming technique that

The endangerment of fish, and flooding of farmland are all potential consequences of

Which of the following lists calcium reservoirs biggest to smallest? 

One negative effect of human interference in the nitrogen cycle is:

Contour strip mining is a method specialized to extract coal in terrain that is

A neutron strikes a uranium atom nucleus which splits releasing a great deal of energy, this is

Pollution from human sources such as cars, power plants etc. is called

What is the force responsible for driving the water cycle?

Land masses hold what percentage of the earth's crust?

At which type of plate boundary is new crust formed?

An example of a pollutant that occurs only naturally is:

Relative humidity is a measurement of

Which agencies are responsible for destroying shipments of food that exceed pesticide limits?

Salt wedging is a significant cause of mechanical weathering in....

Of the following, which is an example of a density-independent population control?

Which is the correct sequence of the earth's atmospheric layers from earth's surface to space?

The chemical weathering process of hydrolysis breaks down a rock that reacts with

Which of the following are renewable energy sources ?

Which of the following elements accounts for the greatest proportion of the atmosphere?

The B horizon is also sometimes referred to as the: 

volcanoes tend to occur nearest to

Herbicides account for what percentage of pesticides in U.S. Waters?

Compared with the "calorie" unit , how large is the "calorie" that use for types of energy

Agriculture that alternates two or more crops to reduce wind and water erosion is known as...

Which of the following human activities adds sulfur dioxide to the environment?

The one major pollutant released by natural gas is

Human's release of excess phosphates into lakes can result in:

Erosion may occur due to the repeated freeze and thaw cycle in some climates. This process is:

The uranium oxide pellets used in typical nuclear reactors are primarily composed of

Which S. American country devotes a greater share of its land to biodiversity protection?

Work performed per unit of time is called

In the earth's interior, hot, molten rock rises, and cooler rock sinks in a process known as

The difference between drought and degredation of land is

The two main elements that compose fossil fuels are

According to the law of conservation of energy,

Which of the following 2 are benefits of forest fires?

All of the following are steps in the process of DIAGENESIS,...... EXCEPT

In which of the following cycles does the nutrient remain chemically unchanged throughout?

Using excess groundwater in coastal regions causes

Rainwater mixes with which of the following to form carbonic acid?

The use of nitrogen by a plant allows it to make

Obesity is

In 1998 scientists signed a statement explaining problems to the public. It was called?

Which of the following is characteristic of an El Nino year?

The three general survivorship curves are:

Trees are adapted to their own particular environmental conditions, also known as a(n)

Which of the worlds energy supplies are in order from longest lasting to running out sooner

In what year was the U.S. Forest service established

Which of the following has the highest risk of death?

Coastal wetlands are important because they do all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is often a disadvantage of damming rivers to generate electricity?

An influent stream is?

Which of the following is NOT a source of methane?

Igneous rocks are grouped according to

"An area where the earth & its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man is a visitor

The Coriolis effect is the result of

Semiarid grasslands, with a mean rainfall of between 1/4 and 1/2 cm per year, are also known as

Which crops have the benefit of conserving soil, retaining nutrients and saving energy?

If a city experiences earthquake damage of intensity XI, its Richter scale equivalent would be

A  main component of photochemical smog is:

How does the amount of water warm air can hold compare to colder water air?

earthquakes release huge amounts of accumulated energy through what process?

what 3 processes are needed to convert igneous/metamorphic rock into sedimentary?

James Hutton realized that most geological changes occur as a result of

What type of environment is frost wedging prevalent?

on the richter scale, earthquake of magnitude 5.0 is how many times more powerful than 1 of 4

Water is stored and an average of 8 to 10 days in which of the following reservoirs?

Vitamin A deficiency can cause

The global impact of an ENSO includes all of the following EXCEPT

What percentage of the world's carbon emissions is from the U.S.?

When a population size tends to fluctuate around the carrying capacity, it is said to be

What's the difference between an El Nino event and a La Nina event?