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Lesson 5 Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Lesson 5 Chemistry
Lesson 5 Chemistry
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1
If a customer asks you if your retail products are chemical-free, what should your response be?
"no," if they are not chemical free because honesty is the best policy
"no," because there is no such thing as a chemical-free product
"yes," whether they are or not because the client won't know the difference
"yes," if you believe they are, indeed, chemical-free
2
What accompanies the rapid oxidation of a substance during combustion?
an endothermic reaction
the production of heat and light
an ionization of the substance
neutralization
3
The overexposure principle is used to describe how overexposure determines _______________.
immunity
safety
tolerance
toxicity
4
SDS are designed for:
everyday use
use only by new employees
use in an emergency
use only by managers
5
If you were to leave the freezer open all night, all of the ice will melt. This is a result of ___________.
an exothermic reaction
neutralization
an endothermic reaction
ionization
6
What did the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) replace?
the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
7
Which of the following is TRUE when salt is dissolved into water?
salt and water are both solutes
salt is the solute and water is the solvent
salt and water are both solvents
water is the solute and salt is the solvent
8
A sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams:
volatile organic compounds
ammonia
glycerin
silicones
9
What is a solute?
a stable physical mixture of two or more substances
a substance that dissolves a solvent and makes a solution
a liquid not capable of being mixed to form a stable solution
a substance that is dissolved in a solution
10
For which of the following purposes would acids most likely be used?
to exfoliate the skin
to raise the pH of products
to soften calloused skin
to swell the hair
11
The pH scale is used to measure _____________.
levels of oxygen
acidity and alkalinity
overexposure and underexposure
levels of carbon dioxide
12
A molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite proportions:
complex molecule
physical molecule
elemental molecule
compound molecule
13
How many elements are known to science today?
118
108
18
81
14
Subatomic particles with a positive charge:
protons
electrons
physical mixtures
neutrons
15
Unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in a liquid:
electrons
solutions
suspensions
emulsions
16
In what type of emulsion are oil droplets emulsified in water?
ointments
oil-in-water emulsions
pastes
water-in-oil emulstions
17
pH is an abbreviation of ________________.
potential hydrogen
productively high
probable H2O
pure hydrochloric acid
18
What is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite/fixed proportions?
mixture
molecule
pure substance
atomic compound
19
What does an oxidizing agent do?
releases oxygen
increases oxygen
nullifies oxygen
absorbs oxygen
20
What does a reducing agent do?
subtacts hydrogen from a chemical compound
adds hydrogen to a chemical compound
subtracts nitrogen from a chemical compound
adds oxygen to a chemical compound
21
A ______________ is capable of igniting and burning.
mutagen
chemical
combustible
carcinogen
22
What is a solvent?
a stable physical mixture of two or more substances
a substance dissolved into a solution
a liquid not capable of being mixed to form a stable solution
a substance that dissolves a solute and makes a solution
23
A change in the form or physical properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or creation of a new substance:
physical properties
chemical change
physical change
acid-alkali neutralization reaction
24
Guidelines for properly storing chemicals include all EXCEPT which of the following?
never dispose of chemicals in their original containers
never haphazardly combine two chemicals
always lock up chemicals when not in use
never allow chemicals to sit out
25
In the uniform order of the SDS, which of the following comes immediately after the first category of "Identification"?
Disposal Considerations
Toxicology Information
First-Aid Measures
Hazard Identification
26
Any substance that occupies space and has weight is ____________.
a beauty product
a chemical
potentially dangerous
matter
27
Which of the following is the simplest form of chemical matter?
an element
a gas
a chemical
a liquid
28
Of all the elements known to science today, how many occur naturally on Earth?
18
89
19
98
29
____________ are the basic units of matter.
Protons
Electrons
Atoms
Neutrons
30
If a client asks that you not use any known mutagens in treatments, what would be the MOST LIKELY reason?
client has a fear of fire and of things that can easily ignite
her skin is sensitive to highly acidic products and chemicals
client cannot afford to pay for expensive products
client has a weakened immune system and is susceptible to cancers
31
Type of oil used that are less greasy; form a breathable film that does not cause comedones; silky smooth feel to skin:
silicones
volatile organic compounds
volatile alcohols
glycerin
32
All acids owe their chemical reactivity to _____________.
oxygen
the hydrogen ion
alkalis
overexposure
33
If Daria is to create a variety of products and mixtures, each with a measurable pH, what must be included in them all?
water
nitrogen
oil
salt
34
What term means capable of combining with or attracting water?
hydrophilic
immiscible
emulsifier
lipophilic
35
Why should ammonia never be mixed with bleach?
it creates a potentially deadly gas
they become unpredictable in their use
it "discolors" more than lightens the hair
it dries out skin excessively
36
Which of the following were the first surfactants?
cooking oils
motor oils
nail polishes
soaps
37
Which of the following is TRUE today of the disposal of many of the chemicals used in salons, spas, and barbershops?
there are strict and universal regulations in place across the United State
most states and counties have regulations in place
most states and counties do not have regulations in place
there are no regulations in place anywhere across the United States
38
When immiscible liquids are combined, they form _______________.
stable mixtures
solutions
miscible liquids
suspensions
39
What are alkaline substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of products?
alkanolamines
volatile alcohols
ammonia
glycerin
40
Which of the following BEST describes a carcinogen?
a material that is very easy to ignite
a substance that causes cancer
a substance made of carbon
a material capable of igniting or burning
41
Why should beauty professionals study and have a thorough understanding of chemistry?
because every product used in beauty and wellness contains some chemical
because chemistry experiments are regular practice at salons, spa or barber
because it is unrelated to the safe operation of a salon, spa or barbershop
because clients often quiz beauty professionals on this important knowledge
42
Which of the following is TRUE of solutions?
they are stable mixtures
they are immiscible
they are usually a solid color
they are surfactants
43
This has a range of 0-14. It is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
pH scale
logarithmic scale
Fitzpatrick scale
balanced scale
44
Neutralization reactions occur when an acid is mixed with an alkali in equal proportions balancing pH and forming water:
and a sulfur
and a salt
and nitrogen
and carbon dioxide
45
What are substances that allow oil and water to mix or emulsify?
alkanolamines
emulsifiers
humectants
volatile alcohols
46
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier:
neutrons
protons
atoms
emulsion
47
Which of the following is an example of a compound molecule?
pure nitrogen
common table salt
the ozone layer
the oxygen we breathe
48
What is the separation of an atom or a molecule into positive or negative ions?
pH
volatile organic compounds
volatile alcohols
ionization
49
Which of the following is TRUE of products that are incompatible?
they are always considered dangerous
they should never be used on clients
no two should be stored next to each other
they can be safely mixed with proper precautions
50
Which of the following is TRUE of all liquids?
they are either miscible or immiscible
they are immiscible
they are both miscible and immiscible
they are miscible
51
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
water evaporating into the air
liquid nail polish hardening
ice melting to become water
exposed metal rusting
52
Everything you can touch and everything you can see is matter, EXCEPT for ____________.
chemicals and powders
light and electricity
living and once-living bodies
liquids and gases
53
What should you do with incompatible products and chemicals?
keep them refrigerated
return them to the manufacturer
avoid letting clients touch them
store them away from each other
54
When mixing chemicals, one should _________________.
add the water to the chemical, not the other way around
never use secondary containers, such as spray bottles
use a measuring device, such as a measuring cup or spoon
avoid rooms or areas that are well ventilated
55
A condition where prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure to certain ingredients can cause sensitivity in some people
evaporation
elemental molecule
overexposure
toxicity
56
A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions; examples are water and salt:
physical properties
pure substance
physical mixtures
miscible substances
