Which of the following does NOT involve introducing DNA from one species to a different one?

Borlaug bred different wheat varieties into a new dwarf one

What would make a GMO crop be considered safe?

everyone follows evidence-based protocols

Scientists can replace a specific sequence of DNA without changing the rest of the genome

Claim: Precision agriculture is possible

Claim: Creating Bt crops can reduce pesticide use

Bt crops show resistance to pests, while non-Bt crops do not

Claim: Manufacturers state that glyphosate can be degraded in the soil relatively quickly

Evidence: Pesticides are safe if used as directed

When Griffith transformed bacteria, what results did he obtain?

heat-killed pathogenic + non-pathogenic = living pathogenic

Claim: Mutations are accumulated during speciation.

animal genes differ 2% from fungi genes & differ 5% from plant genes

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Borlaug's shuttle breeding?

selecting for breeds that only grow in optimal environment

The model of DNA created by Watson and Crick is structured such that

DNA nucleotide bases pair up in a complementary way

Claim: In the double helix model, A pairs with T and C pairs with G

Chargaff found that amt. of adenine & thymine = each other

How do mutations in DNA increase chance of cancer?

Mutations in proto-oncogenes causes cells to grow abnormally

Which does NOT explain that bamboo bloom is a threat to pandas?

only blooming bamboo plants die, rest of forest still lives

Evidence: There are limited studies on the long-term effects of GMOs

Claim: Gene modification consequences are unpredictable

Claim: Mutations are random, selection is directional

both genetic diseases and adaptations are due to mutations

What can be used to show that inserting foreign DNA doesn't interrupt normal gene function?

find the exact location of the DNA in the genome

Which is CORRECT about the central dogma of biology?

3 consecutive nucleotides code for order of amino acids

Why would farmers plant non-Bt corn near a Bt cornfield?

to slow down the emergence of Bt resistance

Why are bacteria acquiring resistance faster than humans are evolving immunity to bacteria?

bacteria have a shorter life cycle than humans

Consider the relationship between humans & the food we eat. Which is CORRECT?

the more people, the less food will naturally be available

How do bacteria acquire new genes?

they can swap DNA with other bacteria during conjugation, they can take in foreign DNA from their surroundings, they can take in plasmids from other bacteria

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Biotech course review

26 termsStudBud Administration150 plays

review of 2nd half of course

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Questions 26

Answers

1
What are involved in conducting gene therapy?
stem cells from a patient with a known gene mutation
all of the above
a copy of the gene without mutations
a delivery method that moves the correct gene into a person
2
Which of the following does NOT involve introducing DNA from one species to a different one?
bacteria producing insulin
water bear acquiring new traits during rehydration
yeast cells producing a recombinant vaccine
Borlaug bred different wheat varieties into a new dwarf one
3
What would make a GMO crop be considered safe?
ask for GMO producers to provide guidelines
scientists can state, without evidence, that they are safe
everyone follows evidence-based protocols
farmers plant whatever seeds they like
4
Scientists can replace a specific sequence of DNA without changing the rest of the genome
Claim: Bt crops are safe
Claim: Genetic modifications can bring harm
Claim: Precision agriculture is possible
Claim: Herbicides aren't harmful if directions are followed
5
Claim: Creating Bt crops can reduce pesticide use
Bt crops show resistance to pests, while non-Bt crops do not
glyphosae resistant weeds were found before round-up ready crops planted
Bt toxin penetrates the gut lining of insects, but not humans
Scientists can program cells
6
Claim: Manufacturers state that glyphosate can be degraded in the soil relatively quickly
Evidence: Herbicide resistance naturally evolves
Evidence: Pesticides are safe if used as directed
Evidence: Bt crops are safe
Evidence: Horizontal gene transfer happens naturally
7
When Griffith transformed bacteria, what results did he obtain?
heat-killed pathogenic + non-pathogenic =pathogenic ones now non-pathogenic
infecting mice with non-pathogenic bacteria = mice resistant to pathogenic
heat-killed pathogenic + non-pathogenic = living pathogenic
mice infected with pathogenic bacteria can spread the infection to mice
8
Claim: Mutations are accumulated during speciation.
animal genes differ 2% from fungi genes & differ 5% from plant genes
both genetic diseases and adaptations are due to mutations in DNA
scientists are able to synthesize all organic molecules found in the body
scientists can program cells
9
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Borlaug's shuttle breeding?
changing btwn 2 different areas selected for high reproduct.
random mutations selected for by presence of insects & pathogens
2 planting seasons per year speeds up the breeding process
selecting for breeds that only grow in optimal environment
10
The model of DNA created by Watson and Crick is structured such that
DNA nucleotide bases pair up in a complementary way
the distance between each full twist of the helix varies
the nucleotide bases (A, T, C, G) form the outer structure
the sugar-phosphates form the "steps" facing inwards
11
What would make an organisms useful for genetic experiments?
all traits are continuous so a cross can yield various degrees of one trait
more than one homozygous allele for many traits
none of the above
if left alone, it isn't able to be fertilized at all
12
Claim: Cells work like electric circuits.
All animals, plants, and fungi have genes for cell division control
8% of the human genome is likely viral DNA
Scientists are able to synthsize all organic molecules found in the body
scientists can program cells
13
Claim: In the double helix model, A pairs with T and C pairs with G
Chargaff found that amt. of adenine & thymine = each other
Rosalind Franklin's photo 51 showed the spiral staircase
14
How do mutations in DNA increase chance of cancer?
mutations causing tumor cells to not spread in body
mutation in DNA repair genes cause more active repair of DNA
Mutations in proto-oncogenes causes cells to grow abnormally
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes slow down cell division
15
Which does NOT explain that bamboo bloom is a threat to pandas?
only blooming bamboo plants die, rest of forest still lives
once bamboo blooms, it dies
pandas as predators rely on visable prey (bamboo) to survive
all bamboo plants connected. One dies, the rest follow.
16
Evidence: There are limited studies on the long-term effects of GMOs
Claim: Precision agriculture is possible in the future
Claim: Mutations are random; selection is directional
Claim: Gene modification consequences are unpredictable
Claim: Genetic modifications can bring harm
17
Claim: Mutations are random, selection is directional
fossils of species that don't exist now wre found
when foreign DNA is added to a gene, the functional gene becomes defective
glyphosate resistant weeds were found before round-up ready crops planted
both genetic diseases and adaptations are due to mutations
18
What can be used to show that inserting foreign DNA doesn't interrupt normal gene function?
look for protein changes in the transcriptome
find the exact location of the DNA in the genome
look for gene changes in the metabolome
look for mRNA changes in the proteome
19
Which is CORRECT about the central dogma of biology?
genetic information from RNA is copied onto DNA then protein
3 consecutive nucleotides code for order of amino acids
none of the above
genetic info is copied from DNA to RNA b/c they're identical
20
Why would farmers plant non-Bt corn near a Bt cornfield?
to permit cross-pollination of corn types
to slow down the emergence of Bt resistance
to change the Bt corn back to non-Bt corn
to make sure the insects have enough to eat
21
Hershey/Chase did 2 viral experiments. The 1st one labeled protein w/ ³⁵S and the 2nd one labeled DNA w/ ³²P. Results?
35S found inside bacteria
32P found inside bacteria
neither 35S nor 32P found inside bacteria
both 35S and 32P found inside bacteria
22
Some scientists have explained how existing species can transform into new species. Which one below does not?
Cuvier's catastrophism
Darwin's natural selection
Lamarck's transformism
23
Why are bacteria acquiring resistance faster than humans are evolving immunity to bacteria?
bacteria purposefully create mutations for resistance; humans can't do that
both can transfer their genetic material to offspring
bacteria have a shorter life cycle than humans
bacteria take less generations to spred a mutation than humans do
24
When performing an experiment, which step below is used to look for general patterns?
Experimental design
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Top down
25
Consider the relationship between humans & the food we eat. Which is CORRECT?
all of above
as availability of food incr., density of people decreases
during year of starvation less food is produced and population increases
the more people, the less food will naturally be available
26
How do bacteria acquire new genes?
none of the above
they can swap DNA with other bacteria during conjugation
they can take in foreign DNA from their surroundings
they can take in plasmids from other bacteria

Biotech course review Flashcards | StudBud