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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
80 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
80
Answers
1
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Specific Gravity
Density
Gradient
Rate
2
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Longitudinal Maximum
Equator
Prime Meridian
Great Circle
3
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
C
A
O
B
4
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
5
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
A
C
B
D
6
What is the source of energy for the sun?
hydrogen fusion
burning of solar gasses
internal combustion
nuclear fission of metals
7
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
biofuel
wind
hydroelectric
solar
8
Use the diagram to answer the question
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves cannot travel through liquid
S waves travel through solids and liquids
P waves can't travel through solids
9
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
an aquifer
a spring
a geyser
a well
10
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
coal
natural gas
biofuels
oil
11
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
abyssal plain
continental shelf
a subduction trench
mid-ocean ridge
12
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/hour
13
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
rigid mantle
asthenosphere
outer core
inner core
14
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the barycenter of the Sun
the tilt of Earth’s axis
nutation
15
Our solar system is considered to be
one of the biggest in the universe
planetocentric (planet in the center)
heliocentric (sun in the center)
socially awkward like Mrs. G
16
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
main sequence star
red giant
white dwarf
protostar
17
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The moon does not rotate on its axis
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
18
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
convection currents in the asthenosphere
solidification in the lithosphere
density differences in the troposphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
19
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Focus
Epicenter
Boundary
Trench
20
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Evaporation Increases
Wind Forms
Water Condenses
Ice Melts
21
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
the same temperature
solid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
liquid
22
Which is an example of point source pollution?
land development
polluted runoff
acid rain
factory smokestack
23
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
24
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the epicenter of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the magnitude of an earthquake
25
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
burning compost
coal-fired power plants
vehicle exhaust
aerosols
26
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
CFCs
visible light
infrared radiation (heat)
gamma rays
27
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
28
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
Doppler Effect
Copernicus Effect
29
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It is a short-term solution.
30
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
independent variable
control variable
constant variable
dependent variable
31
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
32
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
33
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
Sun's rotation
Earth's revolution
Earth's rotation
the Moon's revolution
34
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
tsunamis
hotspots
new crust
ridges
35
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
barycenter
nutation
precession
radiation
36
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Nuclear Fusion
Radioactive decay
Insolation
Conduction
37
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
38
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
39
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
solar flares
prominences
sunspots
convection zones
40
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
water
wind
ice
gravity
41
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
tsunamis
hotspots
ridges
new crust
42
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
nuclear power plants
hydroelectric plants
industrial power plants
reforestation
43
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
spheriod
random revolution
oblate
elliptical
44
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
45
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
A storm is approaching.
Skies are clearing.
Humidity is decreasing.
Temperature is increasing.
46
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
sustainable farming
burning fossils fuels
traditional farming
using pesticides
47
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing erosion
increasing transpiration
increasing soil formation
decreasing oxygen production
48
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
49
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
50
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
51
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
52
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
greenhouse effect
rates of weathering
biodiversity
speciation
53
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
rotation
nutation
precession
barycenter
54
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
acid rain
tsunamis
earthquakes
geysers
55
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
56
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
protecting endangered species
hunting
air pollution
deforestation
57
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
mid-ocean ridge
volcanoes
trench
volcanic island arc
58
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
nitrogen (N2)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
oxygen (O2)
argon (Ar)
59
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
UV
Radio
X-rays
Infrared
60
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
the loss of water resources in estuaries
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
61
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
62
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
mesosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
thermosphere
63
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oN, 65oE
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oW
21oS, 65oE
64
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Block
Transform
Reverse
Normal
65
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Tides
Days and nights
A year
Spring and Fall
66
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
Speed of Earth's revolution
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
speed of Earth's rotation
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
67
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear cessation
nuclear disaster
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission
68
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
Lower air pollution
It can reduce erosion
It is cheap, and reliable
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
69
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
steep slopes
shallow rivers
gentle slopes
water
70
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
building artificial levees
reducing water consumption
recycling bottled-water containers
71
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
rock
magma
volcanic ash
lava
72
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
wastewater treatment
nuclear water treatment
rainwater treatment
drinking water treatment
73
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
tidal patterns
ocean currents
rising sea levels
a constant sea level
74
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
relief
elevation
topography
contour interval
75
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Galileo's Laws
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
Copernicus' Laws
76
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Sinking Air
Rising Air
Compression
Warming
77
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Theory of relativity
String Theory
Big Bang Theory
Quantum Physics
78
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
industrial runoff into a stream
79
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
80
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides