Psych Week 3 Exammy Lecture Questions

John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth studied attachment in human ______.

Developmental changes are usually gradual.

Identify:

Identify:

______ urged reform of the treatment of the mentally ill in part on this basis.

______ pioneered client-centered therapy based on the work of  psychologists such as Maslow.

The _____ duct can develop into the male system.

_____ used Binet’s strategy to design a test for adults.

One side effect is Parkinsonism, a disease usually caused by ____ of dopamine neurons.

Most studies report _____ effects in impression formation.

The finding that general paresis was caused by syphillis proved that:

______’s intelligence quotient is based on mental age (MA) and chronological age (CA):

_____ therapies are designed to directly alter physiological functions.

The best defined of these disorders is the _____ or sociopathic personality.

______ studied moral reasoning using ambiguous vignettes.

The characteristics of individual members of a population may ______.

The _____ in-dictates central tendency.

Insight may be achieved through _____ in which the patient responds to the analyst.

By _ months, children know objects do not vanish if out of view. (Object Permanence)

______ symptoms include social withdrawal and anhedonia.

Subjects paid $1 to perform a boring task were more _ about the experience than those paid $20!

The _____ is thought to occur in the manic state.

Attachment behavior is believed to be essential for normal _____ in humans.

_____ reasoning is acquired by cognitive learning.

Types of ______ include biological therapies, verbal psychotherapy and behavior therapies.

The ______ is one important paradigm of game theory.

Asch said subjects in a group could be pressured to say that _____ lines are the same!

Invented for use in economics, ___ has been adopted in the social and biological sciences.

Freud thought the physical symptoms were an ego ______ mechanism. (Conversion Disorder)

Identify: _______ affective disorder

Therapists usually ask the client to set up anxiety _____ in which they arrange stimuli.

Changes in ability need not imply ______ stage transitions.

______ no longer show the A-not-B effect and engage in pretend play.

_____ are acquired through modeling and imitation (social learning theory).

PTSD: First there is _____, but  nightmares and flashbacks, can persist for many years.

Schizophrenia is a ______ disorder.

In Western societies, individuals judged “insane” were often treated ______.

Aversion therapy such as the use of antabuse to treat alcoholism is based on ______.

______ are useful concepts in evaluating mental tests.

_______ identified  a general factor (g) in test performance.

In a hospital setting, tokens are used, which can be exchanged for privileges, to ___ behavior.

Bystanders are most likely to intervene if _____ else seems to be available or responsible.

Dissociation can take the form of dissociative amnesia, fugue and ______ disorder.

_____ use mental schemas.

_____ conversion disorders like “glove anesthesia” are not due to neurological illness.

The _____ duct is the female system.

The goal of treatment for ______ disorders is to produce symptom amelioration if not to cure.

____ - Individuals may change prior beliefs to be consistent with the person’s actual behavior!

Gender ______ is the variety of behaviors associated with each gender.

Making an anxiety hierarchy allows the client to gradually ______ fear producing thoughts.

______ is egocentric.

We tend to attribute others’ behaviors to dispositions, and our behavior to the ______!

_______ proposed that we may alter our attitudes to reduce dissonance.

____ - The attempt to rationalize decisions after the fact, especially if they have misgivings.

_____'s theory of cognitive competence is a stage theory.

_____ is a term referring to mood state.

_______ theory holds that some fears such as snakes will be more easily learned than others.

Testosterone makes the _____ system develop.

__ can result from pluralistic ignorance if witnesses don't know if anyone else has intervened.

To ______, psycho-pathology symptoms arose from unconscious conflicts.

Children have difficulty imagining the _____ of others.

Freud used hypnosis and, later, free _____ as methods for overcoming unconscious resistance.

In males, ______ regression hormone makes the Mullerian system atrophy.

Electroconvulsive therapy is most ______ in depression, although memory loss may occur.

Cortical ______ may cause the symptoms of schizophrenia including hallucinations.

A ____ conditioned response may be extinguished by flooding-repeating the CS without the UCS.

Identify:

If anxiety is caused by the person’s own thoughts and feelings, desensitization ____ work.

Freud’s method of psychoanalysis was designed to enable patients to recover _____ memories.

Cognitive-behavior therapists attempt to directly change a client’s _____ beliefs.

New phenomena are interpreted with existing schemas by ______.

The ______ indicates variance.

______ used a mixture of items to test “general intelligence” in children.

Scans reveal brain _____ in some schizophrenics, especially in the frontal lobes.

Another side effect is tardive ______ which may become permanent.

An infant will continue to look at a stimulus if it is novel and will look away when ______.

______ was an attribute affecting aspects of problem solving.

Existing schemas ______ with experience.

Side effects of anti-depressive drugs include sensitivity to foods such as ______.

Children acquire values in part through _____.

Identify:

Identify:

Identify:

According to the looking-glass theory, self-concepts are attributions based on ___ with others.

Fear-producing stimuli are counter-conditioned to responses _____ with fear.

Behavior therapy can also be based on principles of _____ conditioning.

In a foundling home, cribs were covered and infants had little contact with ______.

A _____ distribution gives the probability of occurrence for  each outcome.

The goal of humanistic therapy is personal ___ and self actualization.

Freud believed that patients must develop insight into _____ conflicts in order to remove them.

Genetic predispositions play a role in developing _____.

Binet thought intelligence ______ with age until maturity.

Festinger called this unpleasant state cognitive ______.

______ proposed that mental disorders could also have a psychological origin in experience.

_______ can be extinguished with classical conditioning.

Psychostimulants induce a psychotic disorder with symptoms similar to the ___ of schizophrenia.

Affective disorders include _____ depression and bipolar affective disorder.

Identify:

Medication has greatly ______ the number of  patients institutionalized for schizophrenia.

Solomon Asch found that ___ of subjects did not make independent line length judgements!

Festinger proposed that we experience inconsistencies among beliefs and behavior as _____.

Drugs _____ monoamine oxidase are used to treat depression.

Client-centered therapy is _____; it assumes personality development is a form of  growth.

The _____ stage (0-2 years) - schemas consist of sensory impressions and motor actions.

______ symptoms include hallucinations and delusions.

Behavior therapy may be based on the principles of ______ conditioning.

This theory implies that the roles we play in society determine to a great extent our _____.

Prozac and other SSRI drugs are now most commonly used to treat ______ disorders.

Expression of genetic information during development is dependent on ______ stimulation.

More sensitive tests for infants can be used based on the ______ procedure.

Identify:

Drugs like cocaine which _____ dopamine reuptake produce  psychosis.

The process of changing existing schemas with experience is _____.

Reliability refers to the repeatability and ______ of a test.

Paper + pencil versions of  ____’s test, such as the Stanford-Binet are used for group testing.

Identify:

General paresis was caused by ______.

Identify:

Studies of ablatio _____ tend to suggest learning is not the only factor for gender identity.

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by ______ or free-floating anxiety.

The _____ is the actual morphological and behavioral characteristics of the individual.

______ proposed “we are afraid because we run” not that we run due to fear!

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter used by a set of important _____ neurons.

_____ - prisoner’s come to identify with captors because they feel powerless.

Identify:

The remote causes of ______ are hereditary predispositions and obesity.

Psychodynamic therapists accept Freud’s idea that psychopathology is rooted in _____ conflicts.

The scientific study of individual differences was fostered by the development of ____ methods.

Concrete operational thinking (7-11 yrs) includes the ability to appreciate _____.

Identify:

Freud believed hysteria was caused by unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood producing ____.

______ disorders are characterized by chronic apprehension and fear.

______ provided a cognitive attributional interpretation of emotions.

Comprehension of _____ and ______ relationships does not usually emerge until around 11 yrs.

The early fetus has the potential to develop either male or female organs.

Drugs such as valium and xanax _____ transmission at inhibitory synapses.

Freud’s theory of hysteria linked physical symptoms to underlying _____ causes.

_____ studies show that early social experience may have a permanent effect on behavior.

In 1904 _____ created a test to screen children in the French public schools for retardation.

This theory holds that _____ in serotonin and norepinephrine circuits causes depression.

Children obtain ___ from contact and show free floating anxiety when separated from caregivers.

The object is ___ in full view but the child continues to look in the old location.(A not B)

Identify:

_____ disorders fit into a gray area involving social deviance, rather than obvious pathology.

_____ told subjects to administer painful electric shocks to others in a “learning” experiment.

These foundlings showed _ development compared to nursing home children receiving more contact.

______ - A goal may be valued more highly if the goal is difficult to achieve.

Exposure of a female fetus to male hormones in development can produce masculinization called:

Biological therapies include ______ therapies, convulsive therapies and psychosurgery.

Verbal psychotherapies are designed to foster insight as well as ______ change.

Identify: _______ affective disorder

The ______ principle predicts people feel required to reciprocate favors.

The concordance rate for schizophrenia is _____ for monozygotic than for dizygotic twins.

Drugs like _____ which block dopamine receptor sites are used to treat schizophrenia.

______ is the social bond which forms between infants and their caregivers.

This frequency distribution is called the ______ distribution.

Identify: _______ depression

Reliability and validity are _____ coefficients.

_____  invented factor analysis to analyze correlations between mental tests.

Impressions formed by subjects using adjective trait lists, are determined by a single trait.

_____ reflexes for walking exist at birth, but the infant will not walk until around 12 months.

Identify:

Gender ______ is the clear inner sense of being male or female.

Bystanders are most likely to intervene in ______ situations.

Identify:

In genetic females the Mullerian system develops and Wolffian atrophies in the __ of hormones.

For example, 9 year olds fail to know that adding 1 to any ____ number yields an ____ number.

_____ raised infant monkeys with cloth or wire frame mothers to study how attachment develops.

The _____ is the inherited genetic information carried by the organism.

Neurons using ______ control mood as well as  sleep and waking.

Therapists may confront clients with _____ in their beliefs.

______ identified a set of primary mental abilities (numerical, verbal, spatial, and reasoning)

______ in preschoolers may have been overstated by Piaget.

_______ first described dementia praecox.

Unlike _____, psychodynamic therapists focus on factors outside the therapeutic relationship.

Piaget studied the development of _____ competence.

Infants ____ possess intuitive knowledge of the behavior of objects and even number.

Symptoms can include insomnia and _____ attacks. Persistent attacks can lead to agoraphobia.

Identify:

Schizophreniais inheritable.

Comparisons of monozygotic and dizygotic twins are used to infer ______.

_____ coined the term schizophrenia meaning “split” or “broken” mind.

In ______, mental disorders were recognized but often ascribed to supernatural causes.

_____ conducted an experiment in which subjects were directed to perform a very boring task.

A diathesis-stress model has been applied to ______ disorders.

_____ analyzed lifespan development in terms of eight stages each of which deals with a crisis.