what does a plant eukaryote cell contain? (choose 2)

mitochondria, peroxisomes, golgi apparatus, nucleolus, cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast, nucleus, chromosomes, rough er, ribsomes, smooth er, vesicles

what is a symbiotic relationship?

living together with another organism

what are the functions of the ribosomes?

carry out the cell's genetic instructions & synthesizes proteins

why is the cytoskeleton important?

helps cell change shape, and helps maintain shape, allows organelles and vesicles to move, helps anchor organelles

in the Na+/K+ pump, how many sodium ions are kicked out of the cell and how many potassium ions are brought in?

3 sodium ions are kicked out and 2 potassium ions are brought in

what is the function of the centrioles?

help organize microtubles in animal cells; found near the nucleus

what is the nucleus' function?

contains most of the cell's genes on chromosomes

how does it hold onto energy?

within the chemical bonds between its phosphate groups

what is the function of the lysosomes?

interiors are acidic for digestion

provides the necessary energy to move molecules across a cell membrane

what are four macromolecules do all cells have in common?

nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

how does a hydrogen bond form?

the H atom has to be covalently bonded to one NOF atom

what is chloroplasts function?

convert sunlight enrgy to chemical bond energy in the form of carbohydrates

what are aquaporins and what do they do?

special channels for water to move 10x faster

how does the structure of the cytoskeletal filaments relate to their function?

allows organelles & vesicles to move

what does it mean that cell membranes are selectively permeable?

cells choose what they let in and out

what functions do each of the 3 types of cytoskeletal filaments serve?

actin filaments, strands in double helix, and responsible for cytokinesis, also cell crawling

what does it mean to be supercoiled?

DNA double helix coils iself with the help of enzymes to fit inside cell

what are the two types of electron microscopes?

SEM: viewing 3D images by reflecting electrons, TEM: viewing flat images

how are ions forms & what is an ionic bond?

+ charged cations & - charged anion attracted2each other= electrostat force

what are some basic pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory?

and endosymbiotic relationships in nature, prescence of organelles with their own DNA, similar in size and structure

how do valence numbers relate to bond formation?

determines how many bonds an atom can form with other atoms

what is the function of the peroxisomes?

globular organelles in which oxidation reactions occur; they sequester H2O2

what is the other theory that we will be dealing with in bio 111?

the chromosome theory of inheritance

the simplest collection of matter that can live

what are in the prokaryotic cells?

cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA

how do adjacent animal cells connect?

tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap janctions

what is another big, major theory in biology that does relates to cells, but that will be discussed in bio 112 & 211

the theory of evolution by natural selection

what factors affect the diffusion rate?

steepness of concentration gradient, molecular size, and temperature

a molecule containing a adenine base, a sugar, and 3 phosphate groups

why do cells need ATP?

serves as the primary energy currency for all cellular processes

what are the two types and what organisms have them?

eukaryotic and prokaryotic, p= bacteria and archaea e= eukarya

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Bio 111- Exam 1- Janech

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Questions 91

Answers

1
what does a plant eukaryote cell contain? (choose 2)
nucleus, chromosomes, rough er, lysosomes, smooth er, mitochondria
mitochondria, peroxisomes, golgi apparatus, nucleolus, cell wall, vacuole
peroxisomes, golgi apparatus, vesicles, centrioles
chloroplast, nucleus, chromosomes, rough er, ribsomes, smooth er, vesicles
2
what are two types of membrane proteins?
integral and peripheral
none of the above
only peripheral
only integral
3
what is a symbiotic relationship?
siblings
living together with another organism
a regular relationship
living together with three thousand organisms
4
what are the functions of the ribosomes?
convert sunlight energy to chemical bond
carry out the cell's genetic instructions & synthesizes proteins
resists pressure & acts as stiff wall
synthesizes lipids
5
why is the cytoskeleton important?
helps cell change shape, and helps maintain shape
sequester H2O2
allows organelles and vesicles to move, helps anchor organelles
all of the above
6
in the Na+/K+ pump, how many sodium ions are kicked out of the cell and how many potassium ions are brought in?
2 sodium ions are kicked out and 3 potassium ions are brought in
3 sodium ions are brought in and 2 potassium ions are kicked out
3 sodium ions are kicked out and 2 potassium ions are brought in
1 sodium ion is kicked out and 4 potassium ions are brought in
7
what is the function of the smooth er?
synthesizes lipids
plants & fungi store water and ions here to help cell maintain normal value
contains most of the cells genes
shipping and recieving center
8
what is the function of the centrioles?
shipping and recieiving center
help organize microtubles in animal cells; found near the nucleus
contains chromosomes
proteins finish folding here
9
what are the three domains of living things?
eukarya, archaea, and theories
bacteria, algae, and eurkaya
bacteria, archaea, euphoria
eukarya, bacteria, and archaea
10
what does it become when that energy is released?
AFP (adenosine fiphosphate
ASP (adenosine siphosphate)
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
11
how does mutualism fit into this?
when both organisms lose something
when both organisms love
when both orgamisms benefit
when both organisms stay the same
12
what is the nucleus' function?
membranous sacs
carry out the cell's genetic instructions and synthesize proteins
produce ATP
contains most of the cell's genes on chromosomes
13
how does it hold onto energy?
within covalent bonds between phosphate groups
within the chemical bonds between its phosphate groups
within nonpolar bonds between phosphate groups
within polar bonds between phosphate groups
14
what is the function of the lysosomes?
membranous sacs
produce ATP
interiors are acidic for digestion
shipping and recieving center
15
how does ATP help?
provides the necessary energy to move molecules across a cell membrane
no change
decreases energy
doesn't help at all
16
what are four macromolecules do all cells have in common?
nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and water
none
nucleus, carbohydrates, proteins, and water
17
what kinds of molecules might need a protein channel to help them cross the cell membrane?
ions or charged particles
polar covalent bonds
nonpolar bonds
nonpolar covalent bonds
18
how does a hydrogen bond form?
the H atom has to be covalently bonded to one NOF atom
the H atom has to be polarly bonded to one NOF atom
the H atom has to be nonpolarly bonded to one NOF atom
19
where is the ECM?
all of the above
outside the cell membrane
filling spaces between cells within a tissue
surrounds the cell
20
what is chloroplasts function?
synthesizes lipids
membranous sacs
convert sunlight enrgy to chemical bond energy in the form of carbohydrates
proteins finish folding here
21
what are aquaporins and what do they do?
none of the above
special channels for water to move 10x faster
special channels to move 10x slower
special channels to prioritize the same speed
22
what is the function of the vesicles?
membranous sacs
make rRNA for transport to and use in the cytoplasm
shipping and recieving center
proteins finish folding here
23
all parts of an atom:
all of the above
electrons (negative)
neutrons (neutral)
protons (positive)
24
hypertonic has the same amount of solutes and flows in and out
False
True
25
how does the structure of the cytoskeletal filaments relate to their function?
allows organelles & vesicles to move
blocks communication and organelles
blocks movement
lose volume and surface area
26
cohesion is the attraction of water molecules
False
True
27
what does it mean that cell membranes are selectively permeable?
cells only choose what comes in
cells only choose what goes out
cells choose what they let in and out
cells don't choose anything and this is wrong
28
what functions do each of the 3 types of cytoskeletal filaments serve?
help maintain shape
actin filaments, strands in double helix, and responsible for cytokinesis
all of the above
also cell crawling
29
what type of cell might be packed with mitochondria?
the eukaryotic because of ATP
the plant cell
the prokaryotic because of ATP
bacteria and animal cells
30
what is the ECM made of?
collagen proteins fibers
lipids
proteins
carbohydrates and lipids
31
what does it mean to be supercoiled?
linear DNA
DNA double helix coils iself with the help of enzymes to fit inside cell
regular DNA
plant cell DNA
32
what is facilitated diffusion?
all of the above
from an area of high to low concentration
the passive movement of molecules across a cell membrane
with the assitance of specific transport proteins embedded w/in membrane
33
what are the two types of electron microscopes?
TEM: viewing 3D images by reflecting electrons
SEM: viewing flat images
SEM: viewing 3D images by reflecting electrons
TEM: viewing flat images
34
how are ions forms & what is an ionic bond?
they form from covalent bonds
+ charged cations & - charged anion attracted2each other= electrostat force
no reason
35
what are some basic pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory?
none of these.
and endosymbiotic relationships in nature
prescence of organelles with their own DNA, similar in size and structure
all of the above
36
how do valence numbers relate to bond formation?
determines how many atoms are there
none of the above
determines how many bonds an atom can form with other atoms
determines how many atoms a bond has
37
what is the function of the peroxisomes?
resists pressure and acts as stiff wall
globular organelles in which oxidation reactions occur; they sequester H2O2
contains DNA
synthesizes lipids
38
what is the function of the rough er?
sythezizses lipids
membranous sacs
produce ATP
proteins finish folding here
39
what is the other theory that we will be dealing with in bio 111?
the animal cell theory
the chromosome theory of inheritance
the cell theory
the animal cell theory
40
what is a cell?
idk
a thing inside the body
an animal
the simplest collection of matter that can live
41
what are in the prokaryotic cells?
cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA
mitochondria, nucleus, and cytoplasm
cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast
everything
42
what are the valence numbers of H, C, O, and N
H=1, C=4, O=1, N=3
H= 1, C=4, O= 2, N= 3
H=3, C=2, O=4, N=1
H=2, C=3, O= 1, N=3
43
how do adjacent animal cells connect?
loose janctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions
none of the above
tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap janctions
loose junctions, dimosomes, and gap junctions
44
what is another big, major theory in biology that does relates to cells, but that will be discussed in bio 112 & 211
the cell theory
the animal cell theory
the theory of evolution by natural selection
the chromosome theory of inheritance
45
how is scientific theory different than what is meant in the common usage of the word?
the theory is an hypothesis
the theory is an answer
the theory is a question
the theory is an explanation
46
what factors affect the diffusion rate?
high temp
other
steepness of concentration gradient, molecular size, and temperature
none
47
what is ATP?
a molecule with 2 adenine bases, 2 sugars, and 1 phosphate group
a molecule containing a adenine base, a sugar, and 3 phosphate groups
a molecule with 3 adenine bases, 1 sugar, and 3 phosphate groups
a molecule containing a adenine base, 2 sugars, and 3 phsophate groups
48
adhesion is the attraction of water to other polar substances
True
False
49
why do cells need ATP?
serves as third energy source for all cellaular processes
none
serves as the primary energy currency for all cellular processes
serves as secondary energy for all cellular processes
50
what type of a job do you know that a cell with lots of smooth ER will be doing?
carry out cells info
help maintain shape
lots of chromosome production
lots of hormone production
51
what are the two types and what organisms have them?
eukaryotic and prokaryotic
all cells
p= bacteria and archaea e= eukarya
p=eukarya, e= bacteria and archaea
52
where does the energy come from?
the polar bonds between the phosphate groups in its molecule
the chemical bonds between the phosphate groups in its molecule
the covalent bonds between the phosphate groups in its molecule
the nonpolar bonds between the phosphate groups in its molecule
53
what does the ECM help to do?
controls function
all of the above
manages and controls performance
controls fibers
54
what is meant by active transport?
when the cells uses energy to move substances in or out of the cell
does nothing
move in the cell
move out the cell
55
what is the function of the vacuole?
plants & fungi store water and ions here to help the cell maintains value
produce ATP
sequester H2O2
resists pressure and acts as stiff wall
56
how do vesicles move along microtubles?
has "railroad tracks" inside the cell
teleports
floats throughout the cell
attaches to the outside of the cell to move
57
how do hypotheses relates to theories?
hypotheses are a question that can lead to an answer
hypotheses are an answer
hypotheses are tested and can lead to the development of theories
hypotheses are a fact
58
what is special about transmembrane proteins?
don't function on both sides
only transports
only transmembrane proteins can function on both sides of the bilayer&trans
does nothing
59
how did mitochondria and chloroplasts originate?
all of the above
from bacteria that were engulfed by prokaryotic cells
from free-living bacteria that were engulfed by early eukaryotic cells
from organelles of eukaryotic cells
60
what are the most common elements in living organisms?
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
61
what is the function of the mitochondria?
shipping & recieving center
ENERGY POWERHOUSE!!!!
produce ATP from organic compounds through cellular respiration;
synthesizes lipids
62
hypotonic are fewer solutes going out of the cell, making it shrink
False
True
63
how does this affect their communication?
direct communication
all of the above
proteins only, no channels
lipids and channels
64
what is the function of the nucleolus
makes rRNA for transport to, and use in, the cytoplasm
resists pressure and acts as stiff wall
proteins finish folding here
contains DNA
65
hypertonic has more solutes and flows in making it swell
False
True
66
which cell type has DNA that is linear, and which has DNA that is circular?
plant cells have circular and animal cells have linear
eukaryotic is linear and prokaryotic is circular
bacteria cells have both
eukaryotic is circular and prokaryotic is linear
67
what are the chromosomes function?
shipping & recieving center
one discrete unit of DNA which carries genetic info
globular organellesin which oxidation reactions occur
produce ATP
68
what is the function of the cell wall?
contains DNA
resists pressure and acts as stiff wall
synthesizes lipids
membranous sacs
69
what is it about water that enables it to possess all of its special properties?
ability to moderate temp by absorbing energy &enables earth to support life
ability to increase temp by absorbing energy
ability to decreases temp by losing energy
70
ions are a full charge due to the actual gain or loss of an electron
True
False
71
what direction do molecules move in?
from high concentration to low areas of concentration
from low concentration to high areas of cocentration
72
polar is a partial charge due to unequal sharing of electrons
True
False
73
what kind of molecules can go right through the phospholipid bilayer?
larger, polar molecules
large, nonpolar molecules
small, polar molecules
small, nonpolar molecules
74
what are the two conflicting attributes of the culture of science?
theories
competition
cells
collaboration
75
movement of molecules from low to high concentration will take osmosis
True
False
76
what is the function of the golgi apparatus?
shipping & recieving center
convert sunlight energy
produce ATP
membranous sacs
77
what is osmosis?
diffusion of soda
diffusion of organelles
diffusion of H2O water
diffusion of solutes
78
a polar bond is a no charge, electrons are shared equally
True
False
79
what do the roots of the terms "prokaryotic" and "eukaryotic" mean?
p= "tue-kernel" and e= "before-kernel"
p= "before-kernel" and e= "true-kernel"
idk
they don't mean anything
80
what are the similarities and what are the differences between the items in the cells?
sim.: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA,
diff.: eukaryotes are 10x larger than prokar. , eukar. has nucleus
sim: chloroplasts, DNA, cytoplasm, and vacuole
difference: prokar. has a nucleus and 10x larger than eukar.
81
what are two ways you could tell these cells apart?
prokaryotes have no nucleus, and eukaryotes do
eukaryotes have no nucleus and prokaryotes do
prokaryotes are 10x bigger than eukaryotes.
prokaryotes are 10x smaller than eukarytoes
82
what is the difference between the atomic # and mass # of an element?
the atomic # only includes neutrons
the mass # includes both protons and neutrons
the atomic # includes only protons
the mass # only includes neutrons and electrons
83
what is inside the animal eukaryote?
mitochondria, peroxisomes, golgi apparatus, and centrioles
everything is the same
they dont have a nucleus
nucleus, chromosomes, rough er, ribosomes, lysosomes, smooth er, vesicles
84
how do adjacent plant cells connect and communicate?
connect through cell membrane and have no communication
none of the above
use cell membranes to connect
connect through the cell wall and have direct communication
85
what is the difference between polar & nonpolar covalent bonds & how does electronegativity relate to this?
the greater the difference in electronegativity, the less polar the bond
the less the difference in electronegativity, the less polar the bond
the less the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond
the greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond
86
how does diffusion work?
don't move from a concentration to another
movement of particles from low concentration to high concentration
movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
stay the same
87
what are two parts to the cell theory?
all cells exist from pre-existing cells
all organisms are made up of cells
chromosomes
prokaryotic cells
88
what are the 3 descriptions of tonicity?
hypertonic, hypotonic, and lower concentrations
hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic
none of the above
hypotonic, isotonic, and higher concentrations
89
what is the ECM of animal cells?
made up of proteins and lipids
made up of nucleic acids and lipids
made up of lipids and carbohydrates
made up of proteins and carbohydrates
90
what does kinesin do, & why does it need ATP?
have its own energy to move
loses volume and surface area to move
motor proteins that need ATP & move along microtuble filaments
use fiber to get energy and move along outside of cell
91
where does water tend to move?
from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration
from an area of lower concentration to one of the higher concentration
loses concentration
stays the same

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