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AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
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1
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
2
Located in Agra, India, this mausoleum was built for the tomb of Shah Jahan favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ming to Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
3
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
4
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
5
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
6
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Hawaii
7
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
8
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
9
BQ: Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Hinduism and Buddhism
10
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
11
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Age of Exploration
The Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution
The Artistic Renaissance
12
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated revenue through trade
13
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
14
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that;
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
15
Which empire relocated their capital to Tabriz?
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
16
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
17
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
18
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
19
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
looking to create empires in the Americas.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
20
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
21
Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
22
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
23
Which empire was ruled by a Sultan?
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
24
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
25
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Cultural religious powers
Technological powers
Economic powers
Social powers
26
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
27
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal to explore, was
the Ottomans
the Safavids
the Mughals
the Manchu Qing
28
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
29
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
30
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
Encomienda System
31
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
32
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
33
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
34
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
35
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
36
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region? (Roll the Dice )!
China
South Asia
Middle East
Russia
37
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
38
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
colonies in the Americas.
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
39
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
40
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
41
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
42
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
43
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
44
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
45
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
46
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
47
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Chinese
The Egyptians
The Byzantines
The Romans
48
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Mongol Empire
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
Egyptian Empire
49
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
50
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
51
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were originally;
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
Christian peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
52
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
encomienda
Voluntary Labor
chattel slavery
indentured servitude
53
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
54
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
55
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Regional trade in the Americas
56
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.