Chemistry Ch. 4 Atomic Structure

Isotopes differ in the number of protons in their nuclei

Two different isotopes of the same element have a different number of what?

Who conducted the experiment where alpha particles were deflected by gold foil?

Thomson concluded every atom had small negatively charged particles called electrons

Ancient Greeks had a mathematical view and believed all matter could be divided into two new wholes

Democritus was the first Greek to state that atoms from different compounds form elements

A sample of water contains 8 g of oxygen for every 1 g of hydrogen illustrates what?

Who was the first to refer to matter as being made of discrete particles?

The mass number of an atom is equal to the sum of its protons and electons

The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in its nucleus

Which of the following was a belief that matter was made of separate, discrete particles?

Lead-208 (Z=83) has 125 neutrons

What does the sum of the number of neutrons and protons of an isotope represent?

The law of definite proportion states elements can combine to form a ratio that can reduce to small, whole numbers

Identifying the different isotopes is important for understanding the risks associated with its physical properties

Who is credited with the discovery of the neutron?

Who identified and named the proton?

The weighted averages of the isotopes of an element determines its what?

In atomic notation, Z represents the number of what in an atom?

J.J. Thomson's cathode rays were composed of what?

What is the weighted average of all the masses of an element's isotopes?

Which of the following chemists' experimentations with compounds led to the law of definite proportion?

The continuous theory of matter states that matter can not be continuously subdivided without end

Isotopes of an element generally have the same chemical properties

What is the sum of the neutrons and protons in an atom?

Isotopes of the same element generally have the same physical properites

Neutrons contribute to an atom's mass and charge

Chadwick is credited with naming the proton

An electrically balanced atom has the same number of protons as neutrons

What is the number of protons in an atom?

Who concluded atoms of different elements have different masses and thereby helped to advance the study of chemistry?

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is its atomic mass

What is the mass of a single proton or neutron?

Rutherford's experiments with alpha particles helped scientists understand more about the inner parts of what?