DHS World History Semester 1 Review 21-22

A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad

These two commodities made up the majority trade and wealth in theWest African kingdoms.

Group of independent villages organized into clans and led by a local ruler or clan head without any central government

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty

A leveled system for specialized workers in the medieval times. Apprentice ---> Journeyman ---> Master

Tracing one's family, or descendants, through the female line of the family.

A Muslim empire, prodominately Sunni, based in Turkey that lasted from the 1300's to 1922.

Mali trading city that became a center of wealth and learning

Author of the Canterbury Tales.

Major state that developed in what is now central Mexico, around Lake Texcoco, in the 14Th & 15th centuries.

A architecture style known for its high pointed ceilings, tall towers, and stained glass windows, notebly on churches.

The royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John, limiting his power.

The branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad.

Emperor of the kingdom of Mali. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East.

A pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims and one of the 5 Pillars of Islam

A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies.

Mesoamerican civilization in the Yucatan Peninsula, who excelled in mathematics & astronomy

A series of military expeditions by Western European Christians to reclaim control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims.

The belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by God, or some higher power.

Was a deadly disease, called the Black Death that spread through Europe, easily carried by fleas on rats.

This was the first full-sized book printed with movable type and a printing press.

Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church, which criticized the practice of selling indulgences.

Declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage

Everyday language of ordinary people in a given region.

Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

The planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soil's fertility.

A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, which "drew" an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean as a border

Code of moral conduct for European knights that idealized qualities such as bravery and gallantry toward women.

A Renaissance intellectual movement which studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

A rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, and one lies fallow?

An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the "Old World" to the "New World" and vice versa.

A body of religious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John Calvin. Emphasized the doctrine of predestination

Tracing one's family, or descendants, through the male line of the family.

Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite(Shia) state.

This man invented the printing press.

Empire in the Andes Mountains, in South America, were conquered by Pizarro & the Spanish in 1535.

"rebirth"; a movement, in Europe, that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome

Arab prophet; founder of religion of Islam.

A paid pardon releasing, or absolving, a person from punishments due for a sin/sins.

A German monk who famously criticized the Catholic Church, wrote the 95 Theses & started the Protestant Reformation.

A well known Italian Renaissance artist, architect, mathematician, engineer, and scientist. Known for the "Mona Lisa"

land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service?

West African kingdoms that built wealth and power through trans-Saharan trade of salt and gold.

A professional soldier for hire, usually with no allegiance to a specific country/state.

Arabic for "God"; the supreme god of Islam.