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326 Week 2 and 3 Flashcards | StudBud
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326 Week 2 and 3
326 Week 2 and 3
43 terms
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1
Which statement best describes pain as a protective response?
Pain is a psychological reaction based on blood flow to the injured site.
Pain is a physiological, conscious reaction.
Pain is a rapid, reflexive, subconscious reaction.
Pain is a slow, deliberate reaction to avoid further tissue injury.
2
The inner layer of the perineurium is called the...
perilemma
epineurium
epinerural sheath
perineurium
3
Procaine is significantly potent compared with all the injectable amides, which makes it very desirable in dentistry.
True
False
4
The first step in the administration of local anesthetic solutions is to:
obtain informed consent
check the anesthetic solution's expiration date
assess the patient
assemble proper armamentarium
5
Oraquix is an injectable topical anesthetic gel commonly used in dentistry.
True
False
6
"A delta” fibers are lightly myelinated; “C” fibers are nonmyelinated.
Both statements are true.
The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
Both statements are false.
7
A very loose connective tissue layer that surrounds fasciculi is called the
perineurium
perilemma
epinerural sheath
epineurium
8
The sheath surrounding the epineurium on its superficial circumference that surrounds the entire nerve is called the...
epinerural sheath
epineurium
perineurium
perilemma
9
The ______ bundles nerve fibers into fasciculi.
epinerural sheath
epineurium
perilemma
perineurium
10
Regardless of the amount of blood in a cart following (+) aspir, best practice is to withdraw the needle and reinject.
True
False
11
Upon completion of an injection, the most important subsequent step is to:
rinse the patient's mouth
calculate the volume of the drug administered
determine if the patient experienced discomfort
make the needle safe with a one-handed technique
make sure the patient is comfortable
12
The most important safety step(s) during a local anesthetic injection is(are):
to administer drugs slowly
to aspirate before depositing drugs and use a 30 gauge needle
to aspirate before depositing drugs
to aspirate before depositing and to administer drugs slowly
to direct the bevel away from bone
13
The anesthetic which comes in a 2% solution with epinephrine is...
Bupivicaine
Articaine
Prilocaine
Lidocaine
14
Factor(s) that can precipitate toxic overdose is(are):
patient's health status
rapid delivery of L.A.
quicker than normal biotransformation
intravascular administration of L.A.
administration of excessive doeses of L.A.
15
Specialized CT cells that surround, insulate, and protect peripheral nerves are called:
a delta fibers
Schwann cells
perilemma
fasciculi
myelin
16
How many mL of solution are in a single dental local anesthesia cartridge?
1.4 mL
0.8 mL
2.4 mL
1.8 mL
17
Purpose of harpoon is to engage rubber stopper to create a positive pressure inside the cartridge during aspiration test
False
True
18
What is the half-life of mepivicaine?
3.5 hrs
1.6 hrs
2.7 hrs
1.9 hrs
19
The SOP for "Distribution of LA Cartridges & Topical" at Pierce, the proper steps to follow for unused anesthetic are...
to dispose of in an appropriate disposal container
to be discarded in the trash
to be turned into an instructor for restocking the locking cabinet
to be sprayed, wiped, then sprayed with cavicide solution
20
In comparing a 25-gauge needle with a 30-gauge needle, the 25-gauge needle:
is less beneficial in highly vascular areas.
has better aspiration but is less comfortable than a 30 gauge.
has a larger lumen and is thought to have greater ease of aspiration.
has a smaller diameter and breaks more easily.
21
When vasoconstrictor is added, the pH of LA is decreased. This makes the solution more comfortable upon administration.
The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
22
Which of the following best describes articaine's metabolism?
Articaine's metabolism is similar to prilocaine's.
Articaine is primarily metabolized in the liver and kidneys.
Articaine is primarily metabolized via liver amidases
Articaine is primarily metabolized via plasma cholinesterase.
23
A technique which deposits anesthetic solution near larger terminal nerve branches for treatment is called:
a field block injection
a nerve block injection
a ligamental injection
an infiltration injection
24
_______________ that innervate oral tissues have cell bodies located in ____________
Sensory nerves, the CNS
Motor nerves, trigeminal ganglia
Motor nerves, the CNS
Sensory nerves, trigeminal ganglia
25
How are Schwann cells and nodes of Ranvier related?
They are not related.
Gaps between Schwann cells are called nodes of Ranvier.
Schwann cells are nodes of Ranvier.
At the nodes of Ranvier, Schwann cells are one layer thick.
26
Which sequence BEST describes the events in a successful impulse generation?
resting, stimulation, slow depolarize, rapid depolarize, fireing threshold
resting, stimulation, slow depolarize, rapid depolarize, slow depolarize
stimulation, firing threshold, rapid depolarize, slow repolarize, resting
stimulation, slow depolarize, firing threshold, rapid depolarize, recovery
27
During an infiltration, you give the pt 3 stopper-widths of LA. How much solution have you injected into the pt?
0.9 mL
0.2 mL
1.8 mL
0.6 mL
28
All of the following are helpful distraction techniques to help reduce stress prior to or during LA delivery EXCEPT:
guided relaxation
to warn the patient about how much the injection is going to hurt
use of vibration devices
television or other video devices
audio devices/ headphones for music, podcasts, or audiobooks
gentle lip shaking during needle insertion
29
A primary benefit of orienting the needle bevel towards the bone is that it:
prevents false negative aspirations within a vessel
deflects the needle away from the bone during penetration
reduces trauma to the periosteum when bone is contacted
one should orient the needle bevel away from bone to reduce discomfort
30
Levonordefrin is a vasoconstrictor. It is far less effective as a hemostatic agent compared to epinephrine.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
31
Half-life refers to the time it takes for 50% of a drug to be removed from the systemic circulation.
True
False
32
Large window in view helps the clinician: (mark all that apply)
check the does of drug administered
see the expiration date
see if the harpoon is engaged in the rubber stopper
monitor delivery rate of solution
see a + or - aspiration
33
One should always aspirate before depositing local anesthetic solutions.
True
False
34
Addt'l dosing of articaine is safer compared to other amides. Adverse rxns resolve quickly due to the rapid half life.
The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
35
Which one of the following statements regarding nociception is true?
Nociceptive receptors can distinguish between chemical and thermal stimuli.
Nociceptive pain is identical in somatic and visceral structures.
Nociception is a physiological and psychological process.
Nociception is polymodal (responds to all types of stimuli).
36
The theory thought to explain the majority of actions of local anesthetic drugs' effects is called:
Membrane Expansion Theory
Specific Protein Receptor Theory
Pharmacokinectics
Pharmacodynamics
37
For which of the following conditions would you suspect an relative contraindication for a LA with vasoconstrictor?
Decreased liver function
Atypical plasma cholinesterase
Congestive heart failure
Decreased kidney function
Patient taking MAOI drugs
38
When comparing 25 gauge needles to 30 gauge needles, which of the following is NOT true of 25 gauge needles?
Has a smaller internal diameter and breaks more easily
Has the same comfort level
Permits better aspiration
Allows less deflection during deeper penetrations
39
The anesthetic with an absolute MRD of 600 mg per apt 4.0 mg/lb is...
Prilocaine
Lidocaine
Bupivicaine
Articaine
40
Which of the following is/are NOT a common formulation of local anesthetic agent used in dentistry. Mark all that apply.
4% articaine 1:200,000 epi
4% prilocaine 1:200,000 epi
4% prilocaine plain
2% lidocaine w 1:50,000 epi
4% lidocaine 1:200,000 epi
4% articaine 1:100,000 epi
41
What substance is used as the preservative for epinephrine in local anesthetic cartridges?
Sodium chloride
Sodium bisulfite
Methylparaben
Sodium hypochlorite
Distilled water
42
The anesthetic with the quickest onset of action is...
Bupivicaine
Articaine
Prilocaine
Lidocaine
43
The longest lasting dental anesthetic used is...
Articaine
Prilocaine
Bupivicaine
Lidocaine
