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Sociology II Final Exam Review
What did Malthus believe was going to happen?
Great Britain is an example of a core nation.
Sociology II Final Exam Review
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Answers
1
Great Britain is an example of a core nation.
true
false
2
What did Malthus believe was going to happen?
new technologies would increase the amount of food
all of the above
population would out grow the food supply
countries would institute population policies
3
Sprawl often happens from unplanned development and the rapid growth of a city.
false
true
4
Social movements are rare in today’s society.
true
false
5
Who argued that cities brought a more impersonal, transitory way of life to people?
Janice Radway
James McInnis
Louis Wirth
Ted Mosby
6
One reason for migration between countries is more economic opportunities in another country.
true
false
7
Which of the following is an example of a negative consequence of social change?
global warming
man-made disasters
all of the above
pollution
8
Which of the following is a factor that could lead to high infant mortality rates?
poverty
infectious diseases
famine
all of the above
9
What is the study of the interactions between the environment and living creatures?
history
ecology
chemistry
demography
10
The life expectancy in Japan is 64 years.
true
false
11
Many countries use a census to learn more about the population.
false
true
12
Which of the following is true about collective behavior?
Collective behavior happens when social order & norms fail.
Collective behavior lasts the longest of any type of group.
Collective behavior is never violent.
Collective behavior is easy to study for sociologists.
13
What are situations where a particular group is thought to be a danger or menace to society?
moral panics
mass hysterias
riots
mobs
14
Most African countries have a higher birth rate than countries in North America.
false
true
15
What happens to population in stage two of the demographic transition theory?
population decreases
population remains about the same
population increases, but only slightly
population increases
16
Which theory argues that societies went from pre-industrial to industrial to postindustrial?
Cyclical Theory
Modernization Theory
World-Systems Theory
Equilibrium Theory
17
|
emergence
bureaucratization
decline
coalescence
18
Urbanism is the way of life, patterns of behavior, and culture of city dwellers.
false
true
19
Modernity is said to have started with what event in history?
The Enlightenment
World War I
The Middle Ages
The Industrial Revolution
20
Concentric zone theory states urban areas have development centers that meet different needs.
true
false
21
The population is expected to grow to which number by 2050?
6 billion
8 billion
4 billion
2 billion
22
What is an area with dense population that encompasses more than one city?
megalopolis
metro city
postindustrial city
postmodern city
23
Which theory explains why people may engage in behaviors that they would not ordinarily do?
resource mobilization theory
convergence theory
relative deprivation theory
emergent-norm theory
24
Which are those groups or individuals who will suffer from a particular form of social change?
Luddites
vested interests
developing nations
postmodernists
25
Evolutionary theory that states all societies pass through the same stages & reach the same end
Duolinear
Linear
Multilinear
Unilinear
26
Gentrification benefits poor individuals living in the area because their taxes are lowered.
true
false
27
When a crowd is directed a specific focus with violence, it is called what?
fad
mob
riot
craze
28
Which of the following is a category of urban residents?
ethnic villagers
unmarried and childless people
all of the above
the trapped
29
Collective behavior can do which of the following?
disappear
appear
all of the above
change form
30
Which of the following is an example of a preindustrial city?
Seattle
Beijing
Ur
Paris
31
Resource mobilization theory states movements develop when groups have access to resources like
music
all of the above
food
money
32
Cities are made up of diverse groups of people.
true
false
33
Durkheim, Marx, and Weber all examined social change in their work.
true
false
34
Which type of -oriented movements seek to make specific changes within a society?
value
norm
culture
belief
35
Which of the following is a reason why Sunbelt cities are increasing in population?
all of the above
There are more jobs opportunities in the Sunbelt now
the Sunbelt cities industrialized before Northern cities
Sunbelt cities offer fewer tax incentives to businesses
36
Environmental racism is the placement of landfills and hazardous waste sites in wealthy areas.
true
false
37
Demography is the study of what?
cities
population
the mass media
the environment
38
Which of the following is NOT a common aspect in areas of sprawl?
housing subdivisions
large green areas
strip malls
shopping malls
39
Which of the following is a negative effect of urban sprawl?
less rural, green space around cities
longer commutes for individuals
all of the above
more traffic congestion
40
A situation that might cause a panic is which of the following?
a sale at the mall
a burning building
a new fashion that becomes popular
a new idea that catches on
41
Which of the following is a potential outcome for a social movement?
going mainstream
cooptation
all of the above
success
42
The World-Systems Approach argues that peripheral nations exploit core nations in various ways.
false
true
43
The World-Systems Approach argues that more of the world’s resources go where?
core nations
third world countries
peripheral nations
developing nations
44
Where does gentrification take place?
suburbs
rural areas
urban centers
developing countries
45
Which of the following is an example of a social movement?
panics
Russian Revolution
dance crazes
all of the above
46
Social movements often push for change outside of institutional means such as protests.
false
true
47
Which of the following is a reason why preindustrial cities were smaller than today’s cities?
there was less food surplus to support cities
people liked living in rural areas more
the population was larger with more cities
factories were located outside of cities
48
Demographics have no effect on social change in society.
false
true
49
Mortality is the rate of childbearing in a country.
true
false
50
A greater food surplus allowed for cities to grow in population.
false
true
51
Theory of social change used most often to explain the collapse or decline of civilizations
Equilibrium Theory
Cyclical Theory
Evolutionary Theory
Modernization Theory
52
North American culture contributes to environmental issues.
true
false
53
Micro-change is change that happens at which level?
individuals
the government
social structure
institutions
54
Soon, Japan will have a situation where fewer workers are supporting retired individuals.
false
true
55
From 1870 to 1915, how many immigrants came to North America?
20 million
100,000
35 million
3 million
56
Environmental racism is placing which things in poor areas more frequently than wealthy areas?
all of the above
factories
hazardous waste sites
landfills
57
Crowds are temporary gatherings with a common interest or focus.
true
false
58
Which of the following is an example of a Sunbelt city?
Omaha
Washington, DC
all of the above
Phoenix
59
Social movements often have one or more charismatic leaders who draw people to the movement.
false
true
60
Social change is both planned and unplanned.
true
false
61
The Industrial Revolution had little effect on society.
false
true
62
Redemptive social movements seek total change in individuals than alterative social movements.
true
false
63
Modern societies have a greater focus on the future than pre-industrial societies.
false
true
64
Which of the following is an example of a reformative social movement?
Alcoholics Anonymous
Promise Keepers
The Environmental Movement
The French Revolution
65
The fact that the earth is an ecosystem means which of the following?
what happens in 1 part of the ecosystem affects other parts
if pollution doesn’t reach the ocean, the water supply is ok
population doesn’t affect global warming
humans can’t understand how to combat environmental issues
66
Which type of city is one in which global finance and electronic information dominate?
preindustrial
postindustrial
proindustrial
industrial
67
The movement of people into a country is called emigration.
true
false
68
The Equilibrium Model states that social change happens because society seeks
balance
development
conflict
the common good
69
|
false
true
70
Which of the following is a characteristic of modernization?
an expansion of individual choice
all of the above
a growth in small, traditional communities
a disinterest in the future
71
Modern, industrial societies have less social diversity than pre-industrial societies.
false
true
72
Which of the following is an example of a peripheral country?
France
Japan
Kenya
Canada
73
The 1st stage of a social movement is emergence, which is a social movement coming into being.
true
false
74
|
city development theory
multi-nuclei theory
concentric-zone theory
urban sprawl theory
75
Which social movements are social movements that seek partial change for individual?
redemptive
alterative
reformative
revolutionary
76
Marx, Weber, and Durkheim did not study cities in their works.
false
true
77
Contagion theory is collective behavior happening if people who think alike are drawn together.
true
false
78
Contagion theory argues that crowds have what type of effect on people?
hypnotic
invigorating
depressing
calming
79
Social change is overwhelmingly positive for society.
true
false
80
Social movements progress through the stages of social movements in the same order.
false
true
81
Why did Marx believe that social change was necessary in society?
it makes some nations richer than others
it makes life easier for everyone
it keeps life interesting
it helps correct inequality and justice
82
Cities decreased in size from the industrial to the postindustrial city.
true
false
83
Which of the following can be a cause of social change?
conflict
all of the above
discovery
invention
84
Relative deprivation theory states that ______ must exist for a social movement to develop.
leadership
members
grievances
money
85
The Salem Witch Trials are an example of a craze.
false
true
86
Which of the following is a characteristic of postmodernity?
decreasing cultural debates
increasing production of ideas
a belief that science has all the answers
an uncertainty about the future
87
The corridor from Boston to Washington, D.C. is an example of a megalopolis.
false
true
88
What is true about social change?
US/Canada have had little social change in last 100 years.
All nations change at the same pace.
Social change is generally eagerly accepted.
Social change happens continuously in society.
89
Which of the following is a function of the environment?
as a provider of the resources needed to live
as a “house” for individuals
as a place to put waste
all of the above