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Sociology Semester 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Sociology Semester 1 Review
Sociology Semester 1 Review
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1
Internalization is the process by which:
Individuals store their thoughts and feelings
We absorb the personality traits of people around us
Individuals reflect on themselves in their groups
A norm becomes a part of an individual's personality
2
Ethnocentrism is best defined by:
The things that all cultures have in common
A tendency to believe that one's own culture is superior to others
Cultures that have ethnicity at the center of them
The idea that cultures should be judged by their own standards
3
How does the functionalist perspective explain how society functions?
Interrelated groups create society, functioning like a body
Individual people function together to make society work
Conflict between the upper and lower classes cause change
Individuals and symbols shape society
4
Which of the following resists social change?
Diffusion
Vested Interests
Population
Technology
5
Which of the following is characteristic of industrial societies?
Manufactured goods are the primary focus of society
They rely on their herd animals
Food production is the primary economic activity
Education and science are emphasized
6
The process of cultural traits spreading from society to society is called:
Organic Solidarity
Exchange Theory
Cultural Lag
Diffusion
7
What is the first step in the sociological research process?
Define the Problem
Review the Literature
Choose a Research Design
Form a Hypothesis
8
When someone is let out of prison they are going through what process?
Reentry
Mandatory minimums
Bail
Municipal violations
9
What would a sociologist using the interactionist perspective focus on?
How conflict helps society function
How individuals and symbols interact
How groups interact to make society work
How classes interact to change society
10
What is a public defender?
An attorney who is assigned by the court if you can’t afford your own
A prosecutor who is assigned by the government
A lawyer
An attorney who defends criminals
11
Which teory of deviance focuses on conformity?
Cultural transmission theory
Labeling theory
Control theory
Strain theory
12
Prison buildup refers to what problem in the American criminal justice system?
The increase in the amount of people in prison
Problems creating facilities for juvenile offenders
An increase in the amount of time on an individual sentence
Trouble building of new prisons
13
When a sociologist wants to gather information on what people think very quickly from a large group of people:
Content analysis
Historical method
Survey method
Case studies
14
Which of the following theories explains deviance as being learned behavior?
Strain theory
Labeling theory
Cultural Transmission Theory
Conflict theory
15
Your personality is described as:
The combination of you and your families general beliefs
The sum total behaviors, attitudes, beliefs and values of a person
The sum of your personality and physical features
The combination of your biological and physical traits
16
Which of the following is NOT a cultural universal?
Religion
Body adornment
Dancing
Cars
17
Which of the following causes social change?
Vested Interests
Cultural Lag
Ethnocentrism
Physical Environment
18
In addition to family, peers, and mass media what of the following is an agent of socialization?
Sports
School
Career
Books
19
When you are given a bad grade in school what kind of sanction are you receiving?
Positive informal sanction
Positive formal sanction
Negative informal sanction
Negative formal sanction
20
How are social media and mass media similar in relation to its effects on adolescence?
They both create and use trends to socialize individuals
They both control all content distributed
They both use teens to create and distribute content
They both allow teens to determine what they want to see
21
What perspective did Karl Marx pioneer that focuses on the friction between upper and lower classes?
Class perspective
Conflict perspective
Functionalist perspective
Interactionist perspective
22
When a sociologist wants to gather information on how people act in real life what research method should they use?
Survey method
Observational method
Case studies
Content analysis
23
Mead’s Role-Taking theory of socialization is best described as:
We are socialized by our experiences
We take on the roles based on how people see us
We are socialized partly by biology but mostly by our experiences
We form a sense of self based on how others see us
24
Cooley’s Looking-Glass Self theory of socialization is best described as:
We are socialized mostly by our family but also by our friends
We are socialized by our experiences
We are socialized by how we imagine others see us
We are socialized by how other people see us
25
What is cultural relativism?
The belief that a culture should be judged by its own standards
The belief that another's culture is superior to your own
The belief that all cultures are equal
The belief that your culture is superior to another
26
Which of the following is NOT a function of groups?
Picking Leaders
Achieving Goals
Defining Boundaries
Setting Goals
27
When you are given a high five by a friend, what kind of sanction are you receiving?
Negative informal sanction
Positive formal sanction
Positive informal sanction
Negative formal sanction
28
Which of the following is not a social function of deviance?
Promoting social change
Increasing tension
Providing jobs
Unifying the group
29
When your friends stop talking to you, what kind of sanction are you receiving?
Negative informal sanction
Negative formal sanction
Positive formal sanction
Positive informal sanction
30
Locke’s Tabula Rasa theory of socialization is best described as:
We are socialized by the roles that we take
We are born a blank slate and socialized entirely by our experiences
We are born with some characteristics and the rest is socialized
We are socialized by how we imagine others see us
31
Dancing, body ornamentation, family, & music are traits common to all cultures called:
Cultural conformity
Universal traits
Cultural universals
Cultural relativism
32
When your mother tells you to chew with your mouth closed she is enforcing a:
More
Law
Social Norm
Folkway
33
When it comes to nature vs nurture what percent of who you are do sociologists say comes from each?
50% Nature - 50% Nurture
75% Nature - 25% Nurture
0% Nature - 100% Nurture
25% Nature - 75% Nurture
34
Which theory views deviance as being caused by society placing value on certain goals that not everyone can attain?
Strain theory
Conflict theory
Labeling theory
Control theory
35
Which of the following is not a component of culture?
Values
Cultural relativism
Symbols
Language
36
Which kind of group leader gives emotional leadership?
Expressive leaders
Strong leaders
Introspective leaders
Instrumental leaders
37
Which of the following is not an example of a preindustrial society?
Hunter and gatherer
Agricultural
Pastoral
Homogenous
38
Which of the following is a municipal violation?
Shoplifting
Grand theft auto (the crime not the game)
A parking ticket
Assault
39
Things like cars, books, buildings, clothing, and computers would all be considered:
Values
Material Culture
Symbols
Cultural complexes
40
When a sociologist counts how many times a word or phrase appears they are using what research method?
Statistical Analysis
Content Analysis
Survey Method
Historical Method
