Ch. 9: Transformations in European Cultures

Smallpox halted medieval science.

In the 17th century, monarchs claimed absolute power.

Who stated that the earth revolves around the sun

Who turned Vienna into an important center of the arts?

Father of Modern Chemistry; laws of conservation of matter

He discovered that blood is pumped by the heart and travels through the body in blood vessels

Who built a vast economic system without a central monarchy?

Who developed a vaccine for smallpox?

Who wanted Scotland and England to be submissive while secretly supporting the Church of Rome?

Who was the most successful at achieving absolute power?

King James II was a strong supporter of the Catholic Church.

What did the Dutch establish in the spirit of free trade?

What were Parliament's troops called?

He said the Bible was just like any other book; doubted anything in scripture that was against reason

contributed to physics, geography, and optics

Who discovered the planet Uranus?

The best way to find true knowledge was through experience rather than human reason

Who determined the distance around the earth?

Russia continued the tradition of a strong monarchy under the rule of

What is a society free from religion?

Who became the next ruler of England after the death of Oliver Cromwell?

Who was the Dominican Friar who introduced documents into the universities?

Who is the Father of Medicine?

The 17th and 18th centuries were known as the Enlightenment.

brother of Charles II; supporter of the Catholic Church; had a son so the people feared they would be made catholic.

laws of gravity and motion; developed advanced form of Calculus

He felt man could be deceived by their own senses; math was the only certainty

James II ruled England until the birth of his son threatened to turn the people Roman Catholic.

He used the telescope for observations; spent his life on house arrest

Who is the Father of Geometry?

Empiricism taught that man can find knowledge only through

Who was the first to dissect the human body?

The English Bill of Rights limited the king's power.

Who defeated the king's forces?

During the reign of Louis XIV, France experienced growing wealth with limited royal power.

Who stated that the body is made of chemicals and should be treated with chemicals?

Careful observation of the world; argued for empiricism

The transition of William and Mary to the throne was known as the Glorious Revolution.

Belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief

Who increased the Russian territory to the south and the west?

Who wrote Sceptical Chymist?

Hippocrates was the Father of _________________.

Who did not trust the path to truth except through human reason?

recorded position/motion of the stars; predicted the return of a comet