APUSH Terms

prohibit US ships from travelling to foreign ports; ban overseas trade 2 stop impress;hurt econ

Legislative body that govern the US from May 1775 to the wars duration

an organization formed during the Red Scare to protect freedom of speech

prominent black trade union of railroad car porters working for the Pullman company

Vice President under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States

court that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

ideology praising public virtue and service to the state

The general of the Confederate Army.

multistage battle in NY ending in NY with the surrender of British general John Burgoyne

Vice President to JFK; 36th president

bloody struggle between proslavery and antislavery factions in Kansas

organization founded by Phyllis Schlafly in 1972 to fight the Equal Rights Amendment

Attack on sleeping Cheyenne Indian reservation killed 200 1864

a quarter of a million people walked to the Lincoln Memorial to demand an end jim crow laws

appointment by JQA of Clay to Sec of State b/c clay used power as speaker of House to elect JQA

Plan made to re-intergrate the south into the Union

Battle where French & American troops trapped the Brit. army under the command of Cornwallis

the founding statement of principles of the Young Americans for Freedom

1963 law that required both men and women to receive equal pay for equal work

The president of the Confederacy during the civil war.

republican system of pol econ by state gov; states funnel aid to private business

social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life support systems for all species

Gathering of colonial delegates in Philly to discuss the crisis precipitated by coercive acts

Supreme Court upheld state regulation of railroads benefit farmers

wrote The Feminine Mystique

colonies sought or replicate the economies and structures of European countries

1819 treaty; USA got Florida & accepted Spanish claim to TX & compromise W boundary for LA

overturned the "seperate but equal" precedent established earlier in 1896

The principle that ultimate power lies in the hands of the electorate

1828; raised duties on raw materials/textiles/iron goods; enraged South

Leader of movement to legalize birth control during early 1900s

the idea that people require gov. protection from discrimination

group founded by veterans in 1948 to protest the poor treatment of mex-amer. soldiers and vets

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968

claim made by british politicians that the interests of americans were adequately represented

Slaves who fled plantations and sought protection behind union lines during the Civil War.

one of the first people to realize the global dangers of pesticide abuse; wrote "Silent Spring"

Reduce tax on hot flavored water and let the East India Company make their drink faster

campus-based political organization; civil rights, antipoverty, antiwar during the 1960s

legal writ forcing government authorities to justify the arrest and detention of an individual

Former slaves who moved west following the Civil War

farms of 30 to 50 acres owned and farmed by families or male partners, way to get colonists

1898 slaughter of Indians marking end of the Indian wars on the Great Plains

international economic organization whose member countries all produce and export oil

Catholic founder of Maryland in 1634, hoped to make a profit and provide refuge for Catholics

Congress of delegates from nine assemblies in NYC to protest loss American rights and liberties

Portuguese commander who discovered Ihla da Vera Cruz, later became Brazil

grants emergency executive powers to President to run war effort

power, property, and identity passed down thru male lines of authority

Published common sense rousing a call for independence and a republican government

members of the Republican Party who were strongly opposed to slavery and Southern slaveowners

put in place of a widely ignored Molasses Act

system of labor relations that stressed management’s responsibility for employees’ well-being

a 1963 report documenting job and educational discrimination, appointed by President Kennedy

364 mile waterway connecting Hudson River & Lake Erie; prosperity to Great Lakes region

religious separatists who separated from the Church of England, settled in Plymouth

a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering.

policy promoted cutbacks in amount of federal regulation in specific areas of economic activity

the idea of members of a community working for the community and share everything

international day of environmental celebration/awareness launched by conservationists 4/22/1970

an informal network of whites and free blacks that helped slaves fleeing to freedom

limited indiv. rights; authorized deportation; limited freedom of press/speech

Document containing principles and a list of grievances that declared separation from britain

Christian idea that God's elect is granted salvation as a pure gift of grace

Attack on black ppl by white mobs seeking to enforce white supremacy; post Civil War

Muckraker who wrote The Jungle, exposing the gruesome details about the meat industry

1962 book by Rachel Carson that started the environmental movement

attacked and conquered Tenochtitlán and took its ruler, Moctezuma

a period of slow economic growth and high unemployment while prices rise

state-assisted manufacturing and trade, especially trade from colonies

reform organization that battled for equal pay, divorce law changes, legalizing abortion, etc.

a system of racial segregation in the south that lasted a century

law issued to assert unassailable right to legislate for its British colonies

british law imposing tax on all paper used in the colonies

civil rights group focused on civil disobedience, bit later focused on "black power"

term for skilled craftsmen & inventors who built & improved machinery & tools for industry

founded Rhode Island for religious tolerance, was a Puritan minister

faced by the US in the 1970s because OPEC reduced the amount of oil exported to the US

practice of fathers giving all their land to the eldest son

Nuclear Power Plant in Harrisburg, Penn. which failed, admitting radiation into the air

South Vietnamese president that strongly opposed communism; American ally from 1954-63

primary pol role of women to instill sense of patriotic duty & republican virtue in children

Declaration of independence main author mobilize resistance to the coercive acts

plan to protect slavery from Fed interference where it existed & to extend MO Comp line to CA

used to describe people, who uphold traditional values, especially against counterculture

applied to all the ex-Confederate states in the South, to ratift 14th amendment

the idea of abolishing slavery since it went against republican values and liberty

idea that home life was strictly separate from work life

Rights to life liberty and property

2nd natl party; anti-Jackson; identified w/ pre Rev parties that opposed GB monarchy

issued Emancipation Proclamation, was determined to preserve the Union, by force if necessary

law issued by G Dub allowing US citizens to trade w/ all belligerents in war between F and B

assassinated before being able to finish his political race, promoted civil rights

anti-communism hysteria that swept the US; began after World War I

boycott of segregated bus system in 1955-1956 by the African American population

1851 political party based on anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic biases

Photographer of immigrants in poverty during Progressive Era

Union forces under Gen. Sherman marched from Atlanta, Georgia, to the coast at Savannah

labor system using young girls from agri to work in factories; boarding houses w strict rules

1814 treaty on Christmas Eve; ended War of 1812; retained pre war borders

women's rights activist who helped write the grievances at Seneca Falls

1854 agreement between Japan and the US where Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships

spoke out in public about religion in MBC, was banished and forced to live in Rhode Island

ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol; 18th amendment put it into effect

uprising led by Pennsylvania farmers in response to tax on devil’s juice

call for reform, criticized Catholicism, started by Martin Luther

Became the general of the Union Army in March 1864

1854 manifesto urged President Pierce to seize the slave owning province of Cuba from Spain

Gave all blacks and slaves rights

a publication by Betty Friedan that focused attention on the reality facing suburban women

law that required colonial governments to provide barracks and food to soldiers

treaty w/ Indian tribes in Ohio; acknowledge Indian own land in xchange for payment

Professional stage show; form of family entertainment for the urban masses

largest national student political organization; conservative members supported war in Vietnam

legally abolished slavery in all states that remained out of the union

helped Portugal establish trade posts in India and Indonesia, reached East Africa in 1497

Led Mexican-American War, 12th President

Opposed Mexi. War on moral grounds, found point of it to be to expand & extend control of govt.

law that put duties on tea lead paper glass and painters collars imported into the colonies

1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri compromise unconstitutional

breakaway party of white people from the south formed for the 1948 election

form of society where power is passed down thru female lines of authority, mostly among Natives

Wampanoag leader, led assault on white colonists to protect Indian land and stop enforcement

1st governor of MBC, led the Puritan exodus beginning in 1630

directed relocation of E tribes to territory W of Mississippi;Jackson said goal=save culture

1803 purchase of French territory; opened way of Amer. expansion west; doubled size of USA

political mvmt., felt slavery a threat to republicanism & to Jeffersonian ideal of freeholding

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy

Provide free land to anyone willing to settle in the west

Supported the union and served under Grant.

led the Harper's Ferry raid

System for selecting men for compulsory military service implemented during the Civil War

The 80,000+ settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush

slave-like workers under contract to work a few years without a wage, many died on the job

campaign of moral & insitutional reforms by evangelical Christian ideals in 1820's/1830's

military camp in which G Dub’s army suffered horribly in the winters

Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, persuaded more people to be anti-slavery

1923 Supreme Court Case; made minimum wage void for female workers in DC

increase in xchange of goods & services, output of farms & factories, transportation networks

Women produced household consumption of imported goods and produced large quantities of cloth

policy emphasizing the connection between America’s economic and political interests overseas

part of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives

document or writing inconsistent with church teachings

The first 10 amendments to the constitution officially ratified in 1791

federal/state assistance program, provides healthcare services for those who cannot afford them

phrase showing that white americans were fated by God to settle from the pacific to atlantic

Designed by Southerners to restrict Blacks' rights

Colonial military men who stood ready to fight on short notice during a crisis

John C Calhoun; planters by right could take their slaves into newly opened territories

mercantilist system of econ growth;Henry Clay;internal improvements,natl bank,protective tariff

civil rights organization founded in 1942 in chicago by James Farmer that promoted nonviolence

1964 law that provided funds for youth programs, small-business loans, and job training, etc.

states governed by merchant coalitions instead of princes or kings

scandal where Secretary Albert Fall accepted bribes for leasing oil reserves on public land

Program aimed to help free blacks adjust to life in the south

1964 Congressional resolution authorizing President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam

required financial disclosure by high government officials in all three branches of government

1846 proposal by David Wilmot to ban slavery in territory acquired from the Mexican war

Powhatan's younger brother and successor who started the Indian War of 1622 in Virginia

religious Protestants, did not separate from Church of England, settled in MBC

event during presidential election that showed the confusion and lack of unity among Democrats

the police raided a gay bar in New York's Greenwich Village in 1969, sparking this riot

led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer against radical communistic organizations

Tougher Substitute for 10% plan

manifesto of the Students for a Democratic Society

federal program of health insurance for people 65 years of age and older

proposition 13 in California, slashed property taxes and forced cuts in government services

condemned A&S Acts; tested idea of state legislatures could judge constitutionality of fed laws

Catholic church's response to Protestant Reformation

Nixon approved the Commission to Re-Elect the President to spy on/espionage Democrats

SCOTUS case established judicial review

former slave who escaped slavery, abolitionist, publisher of The North Star

Investigative journalists who exposed political scandals and industrial abuses

new brand of feminism in the 1960s that attracted primarily younger, college-educated women

new, youth-dominated political movement of the late 1960s, fought poverty and racism

agency of the federal government that administers much of U.S environmental protection policy

1966 Act allowing citizens to inspect nearly all government records

farmer’s uprising in West Massachusetts protesting the tax policies of the elites

ideal of limited govt & freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and free markets

prohibits the denying of a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous slavery

policy designed to give compensatory treatment for members of a previously disadvantaged group

High-density, cheap housing unit designed for working-class urban pool; often for immigrants

antiforeign sentiment; fueled immigration restriction policies against Irish & Germans in 1840s

Bill that promised Native American separate land to assimilate them into white culture

1795 treaty w/ GB; accepted GB right to stop neutral ships; GB remove troops from NW territory

G.B. recognized that the US had won their independence

system of manufacturing used extensively in the English woolen industry

style of Christian ministry that emphasizes personal conversion + faith, not religious ritual

farmhands who lived in small towns and worked cooperatively w/ families on fields

military strategy; destroys anything that might be useful to the enemy

1906 law regulating the conditions in the food and drug industries to ensure safety

Elite Mexican ranchers in the province of California

system similar to taxes used by some natives

grief-striken Iroquois legend, met w/ spirit and learned condolence rituals, returned to people

group founded by activist Latinos to protest the Vietnam War

granted 50 acres of land to anyone who paid the passage of a new immigrant to Virginia

Derogatory term for newspapers who have exaggerated reporting; led to Spanish-American war

established a federal district court in each state

Group of colonists that banded together to protest the stamp act and other reforms in the 1760s

In 1968, American troops massacred women and children in a Vietnamese village

Republican candidate for President in 1964, and initial leader of the conservative movement

law that divided Indian territory into Kansas and Nebraska, repealed the Missouri compromise

Founded by Jane Addams in Chicago, most famous social settlement; mostly for Italian immigrants

organizations by artisans to regulate trade and protect commercial transactions

major inventions&econ expansion; based on H2O, steam power&use of machine; transformed industry

meeting by political party to choose candidate, make policy, enforce party discipline

a referendum on the state ballot that greatly reduced property taxes

Christian idea that God's elect must do good work in their lives to earn their salvation

society invigorated by evangelical Protestants in 1832; goal =curb consumption of alcohol

Native enslavement system by the Spanish colonists/explorers

closed W hem to colonization/interference by Euro powers; US wouldn't get into Euro struggles

Fire in company’s factory filled with female employees unable to make safe exit; passed laws

1797 incident American negotiators in France refused to pay bribe; curtailed Amer. trade w/ Fr

4 British acts of 1774 meant to punish Massachusetts for distraction of three shiploads of tea

first official meeting in America to discuss Women's Rights

1974-1977, Republican, first non-elected president and VP, he pardoned Nixon

belief that the natural world was infused with spiritual power, mostly among Natives

ruler of Aztecs, taken captive by Herman Cortes when his city was conquered

Alabama governor best known for his pro-segregation attitudes during the Civil Rights Movement

organizations of workers; began in Indust. Rev. to bargain over wages, hours, & benefits

SCOTUS case asserted national over state; national bank could not be taxed

constitutional amendment passed but never ratified for banning gender discrimination

an intellectual movement that advocated individualism and nature, rejected organized religion

a culture with lifestyles and values opposed to those of the established culture

first major econ crisis; farmers&planters 30% drop in agri prices; couldn't pay debts; bankrupt

Women’s rights advocate who served as the president of the Mormon church

Staple of Southern Economy

organized group of insiders that directs pol. party

LBJ's domestic program that instituted federally sponsored social welfare programs

Laws meant to solve the status of slavery in the territories; component: CA admitted free + FSA

Highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party

legal rules that protected the lives and property of the British monarch’s subjects

Jackson used this; give public jobs to political supporters

Land bought by Pres. Franklin Pierce 1853 for building a TS railroad from New Orleans to LA

Laws that guaranteed all residents, including alleged fugitives, the right to a jury by trial

1925 trial of a biology teacher in Tennessee for teaching evolution

Plan by Lewis Cass where Congress would let each territory decide its status as free or slave

A form of warfare that mobilizes all of the societies resources in support of military effort

countries attempting to ease strained relations and tensions through communication

massive global exchange between the eastern and western hemispheres

argument by Calhoun that state legislature could void a law passed by Congress

emphasized emotions & appreciation for God & nature; spread from Europe in late 18th century

the idea of affluent planters being the head of society and politics

belief that some people are pre-chosen for salvation and all others are condemned before birth

law that bans gender discrimination in schools that receive federal funds

a group formed to coordinate civil rights activity in the south

1978 Court case that upheld affirmative action in the college admission process and elsewhere

a minister who led a large slave rebellion in 1831 that killed over 55 people

Paper money issue to the US treasury during the Civil War to finance the war effort.

Leader of Jacksonian Democracy. Foreign policy successes split ownership of Oregon with England

President Nixon's policy of replacing American military forces with those of South Vietnam

northeastern and midwestern states of US in which heavy industry has declined

All People born and naturalized in US considered citizens

forced journey West of Cherokees from GA to OK in 1838; nearly 1/4 died en route

James K Polks slogan 1844 election calling for American sovereignty over entire Oregon country

cumulative and sustained decline in the contribution of manufacturing to a national economy

Members of the Democratic Party that split into two camps over war policy during the Civil War.

main negotiator of the peace treaty with the North Vietnamese; secretary of state

commercial agreement that allows investors to pool their resources

Communications network established among towns of the car needs to get the word out faster

bombing campaign over North Vietnam meant to weaken enemy's ability and will to fight

less gov does, the better; classical liberals

Distribute millions of acres of western land to state governments to fund colleges

Community welfare center that investigated the plight of the urban poor, raised funds, etc

2nd major econ crisis; English bank curtailed flow of $& credit to USA; led to prices drop

The general of Union Army during the Civil War, removed because of his constant failure

attack on Shawnee Indians in 1811; American soldiers destroyed village