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Part 2: AP Psychology - AP Exam Review 2019 Flashcards | StudBud
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Part 2: AP Psychology - AP Exam Review 2019
Part 2: AP Psychology - AP Exam Review 2019
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A basic review over all material covered in AP Psychology used to prepare for the AP Exam.
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1
Which type of intelligence involves the ability to apply acquired knowledge in problem solving?
fluid
episodic
procedural
crystallized
2
According to the James-Lange theory, one's conscious experience of emotion occurs..
independently of autonomic arousal
before autonomic arousal
after autonomic arousal
simultaneously with autonomic arousal
3
What is not a characteristic of groupthink?
dividing the world into the ingroup & outgroup
censoring information that contradicts the group's views
censoring dissent from group members
gathering all the relevant information (pros & cons)
4
You see a female VP being pushy/aggressive, and then assume all female VPs are this way, which
demonstrates an illusory correlation
a heuristic observation
a contravened stereotype
a self-serving attribution
5
According to Freud, nail-biting may be evidence of fixation at the _____ stage of development.
latency
oral
anal
genital
6
Inferences that people draw about the causes of their and other's behavior are known as..
self-serving bias
attributions
stereotypes
prejudices
7
What kind of validity do the ACT and SAT strive for?
absolute
criterion-related
construct
content
8
Widely held beliefs about groups of people based on their group membership defines...
cognitive structuring
schematizing
stereotypes
cultural direction
9
Expectations about what is appropriate behavior for each sex most accurately describes...
gender behaviors
gender stereotypes
gender differences
gender roles
10
Learning to crawl is an example of which motor development sequence?
the cephalopedal trend
encephalitis
the proximodistal trend
the cephalocaudal trend
11
If a teacher gives an exam with questions that were not covered in class, the test lacks..
predictive validity
standardized validity
criterion-related validity
content validity
12
The gambler's fallacy reflects the influence of the...
availability heuristic
representativeness heuristic
law of small numbers
conjunction heuristic
13
Cultural norms that determine which facial expressions are appropriate for what occasions are..
investment differentiations
parental investments
social scripts
display rules
14
Jay used to say "mikk", but now says "milk" properly, meaning he has made gains in the use of..
phonemes
morphemes
syntax
linguistic heuristics
15
When a choice must be made between two unattractive goals, you are experiencing...
a risk-aversion conflict
an avoidance-avoidance conflict
an approach-avoidance conflict
an approach-approach conflict
16
If a psychological test intends to tell you how you score relative to others, they must develop
test scores
test norms
test scales
test levels
17
Framing refers to...
presenting only part of the information required
structuring decision problems so they lead to poor decisions
presenting irrelevant information
how alternatives in a decision problem are presented
18
During the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, a child experiences the world through..
physical interaction
systematic hypothesis testing
logical reasoning
abstract operations
19
Which of the following statements is the best example of telegraphic speech?
i wanted a cookie
I eated a cookie
cookie
give cookie
20
A father suggests that his son's low marks are due to the child's laziness. He has made...
a distinctive attribution
an internal attribution
a situational attribution
an external attribution
21
Dave washes his hands 50 times a day, even when they're not dirty. This is an example of..
a compulsion
a delusion
an obsession
a phobia
22
A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus (ex. inkblot) is
a deceptive test
a self-report inventory
a projective test
a behavior rating
23
Diffusion of responsibility refers to the...
basis for performing pro-social behavior
loss of identity one experiences in mob violence
assumption others will take responsibility;bystander effect
halo effect in aggression
24
The assumption of a preoperational child that a car is moving because she is in it demonstrates
centration
reversibility
egocentrism
conservation
25
Homeostasis is a state of...
psychological stability
physiological stability
psychological instability
physiological instability
26
A person who perceives stimuli that aren't there is said to have...
delusions
hallucinations
illusions
obsessions
27
What is cognitive dissonance?
feelings of guilt produced by acting against your conscience
feeling of discomfort experienced by receivers of persuasion
a state of tension produced by inconsistent cognitions
occurs only when cognitions are unrelated
28
At which stage do people use a personal code of ethics to guide their moral reasoning?
postconventional
conventional
preconventional
concrete
29
The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that...
other people can identify your emotions by your expressions
you can affect how you feel by making a certain expression
the internal state causes the facial expression
a facial expression is just a sign of internal feelings
30
The test you are currently taking is an example of what kind of test?
an intelligence test
an achievement test
an aptitude test
a personality test
31
Which of the following is not a characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?
manipulative behavior
aggressiveness
excessive guilt
social charm
32
The most optimistic view of human nature is found in the ________ approach.
cognitive
behavioral
psychoanalytic
humanistic
33
PTSD is an example of what kind of disorder?
mood
personality
anxiety
schizophrenic
34
Mary Ainsworth's strategy for studying infant attachment is known as the __________ procedure.
attachment probing
shared inhibition
strange situation
secure-avoidant
35
Which statistical method is used to determine the reliability of a test?
correlation coefficients
standard deviation
percentiles
means
36
When people overestimate the frequency of violent crimes because these events are on TV, they..
are using the representativeness heuristic
use the elimination by aspects strategy
use a holistic decision model
are using the availability heuristic
37
The sickly child who becomes a forceful, physically active adult demonstrates what Adler called
fixation
compensation
displacement
regression
38
Alice has a dog phobia, and is being told to completely relax and imagine a dog. This is...
aversion therapy
avoidance therapy
systematic desensitization
psychotherapy
39
Reliability refers to the _______ of a measuring device, such as a test.
accuracy of inference
representativeness
consistency
predictability
40
Yielding to real or imagined social pressure defines...
obedience
groupthink
conformity
cognitive dissonance
41
The decrease in individual effort exerted by group members when working together on a task is..
conformity
group polarization
social loafing
deindividuation
42
If Jane used an external attribution to explain why her son got into a fight, she would say...
he can't help himself since he doesn't have self-control
he's just like his father
he always gets in fights
the other boy started it and he was defending himself
43
According to the five-factor model, people who score _____ tend to be trusting and cooperative.
low in openness
low in extraversion
high in agreeableness
high in neuroticism
44
Potty training is a key challenge in which of Erikson's stages of development?
initiative vs. guilt
industry vs. inferiority
trust vs. mistrust
autonomy vs. shame & doubt
45
The amygdala plays a role in the modulation of which emotion?
happiness
sadness
surprise
fear
46
A valid test is one that...
measures what it is supposed to measure
is reliable
has been standardized but not normed
is consistent
47
The hypothalamus communicates with the endocrine system by way of the..
sebaceous gland
pituitary gland
pancreas
thyroid gland
48
Depression is an example of a _____ mood disorder.
dissociative
unipolar
bipolar
cyclical
49
Which of the following is a mood disorder?
fugue
panic disorder
conversion disorder
bipolar disorder
50
Prejudice is to discrimination as...
attitude is to action
feeling is to thinking
thought is to perception
behavior is to motive
51
Aggression is often a behavioral response to stressors involving...
frustration
pressure
change
conflict
52
Substances such as viruses and drugs that can harm a developing fetus are known as...
teratogens
pathogens
opiates
prenatals
53
The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is...
suppression
repression
neurogenic amnesia
avoidance
54
Which of the following disorders/issues would be least likely to be treated by a psychiatrist?
schizophrenia
marital problems
anxiety disorders
bipolar disorder
55
The fundamental attribution error leads observers to attribute crime in poor neighborhoods to..
the personal qualities of the residents
job discrimination experienced by the residents
poor police protection
crowded living conditions
56
The superego is Freud's term for...
the conscious aspect of personality
the mediating agent between the id and ego
the moral component of personality
the biological impulses that drive behavior
57
Free association and dream analysis were held to be major methods to discover the makeup of...
irrational thoughts
the unconscious
maladaptive behaviors
the conscious
58
The last are of the brain to fully mature in late adolescence or early adulthood is the...
prefrontal cortex
hypothalamus
occipital cortex
medulla
59
The ability to generate ideas that are original, novel, and useful defines...
creativity
reasoning
intelligence
insight
60
In Milgram's study of obedience, subjects...
became the recipient of painful electric shocks
were ordered to deliver painful shocks to a stranger
were put into a simulated prison
indicated which of 3 lines matched the "standard line"
61
Cohort effects are most closely associated with which research design?
sequential
longitundinal
cross-sectional
time of testing
62
In relation to age, which of the following does not belong with the others?
post-conventional moral reasoning
formal operations
autonomy vs. shame & doubt
development of secondary sex characteristics
63
The characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity of an infant is their...
personality
behavioral quality
attachment
temperament
64
____ measure general mental ability while ___ measure various aspects of people (values, etc).
personality; standardized
intelligence; personality
standardized; intelligence
intelligence; standardized
65
The Binet-Simon scale of intelligence expressed a child's score in terms of...
a percentile score
IQ
a potential score
mental age
66
According to the medical model...
all mental illnesses are caused by biological factors
abnormal behavior can be thought of as a disease
all mental illnesses can be treated using drugs
all physical illnesses have a psychological component
67
The idea that we should pay back in kind what we receive from others is known as the..
the principle of collectivism
the law of cognitive dissonance
display rules
the reciprocity norm
68
Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to...
the gambler's fallacy
overestimating the improbable
the confirmation bias
the conjunction fallacy
69
Tension reduction is the goal of which motivational theory?
evolutionary theory
instinct theory
incentive theory
drive theory
70
Which of the following is not one of the intelligence types described by Gardner?
mechanical
logical-mathemathical
spatial
musical
71
A person who loses memories of events that occur following a head injury is experiencing...
pseudoforgetting
anterograde amnesia
retroactive interference
retrograde amnesia
72
Putting group goals ahead of personal goals & defining one's identity in terms of the group is
functionalism
collectivism
attributionism
individualism
73
The largely unconscious reactions used to protect us from guilt and anxiety are known as...
offense mechanisms
defense mechanisms
coping mechanisms
id mechanisms
74
Anhedonia is when a person...
experiences mild manic states
has trouble getting along with people
has difficulty experiencing pleasure
has two different psychological disorders
75
Most explanations for the Flynn effect revolve around...
genetic influences on IQ
changes in testing procedures
a variety of environmental factors
group differences in basic intelligence
