According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings—2003,

should use FDA-cleared barriers.

Quality assurance is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality images

tests and administration procedures.

A radiopaque cone-shaped artifact on a panoramic image that interferes with the diagnostic information is caused by the

patients lead apron being incorrectly placed or a thyroid collar being used

x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter

Exposure to radiation

no matter how small, has the potential to cause harmful biological changes.

The council that determines the radiation effects and levels tolerable for humans is the

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements.

Who should hold the film in a patient’s mouth if the patient is unable to do so?

Parent or relative of the patient

The uses of dental images include the detection of

abnormalities in surrounding hard and soft tissues.

When a patient does not stand or sit with a straight spine

the cervical spine will appear as a radiopacity in the center of the film

All the following are true statements regarding the preparation of the operatory for dental imaging except

barriers do not need to be used b/c spatter of blood and saliva is unlikely

All of the following statements about panoramic imaging are true except

the digital panoramic unit uses film that has to be processed.

What is the purpose of the insulating oil that fills the x-ray machine housing and surrounds the x-ray tube?

Absorbs heat created by the production of x-rays.

Once films are removed from the mouth, they are considered contaminated and should be

handled only with gloved hands.

are a major source of cross-contamination.

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding federal and state regulations on the use of dental x-ray equipment?

Most states have laws that require check of dental x-ray equip on a basis

Anterior teeth that appear fat are caused by the

patient’s teeth positioned too far back on the bite-block.

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Questions 100

Answers

1
Dental imaging
All answers are correct
b. refers to digitally produced images
a. refers to film-based images.
c. detects conditions that might otherwise remain undetected.
2
The range of shades of gray between black and white on an image is called
density
focus point.
sharpness
contrast
3
The dentist who is credited making the first dental radiograph in 1896 is
Otto Wilkoff.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.
John Greenwood.
G.V. Black.
4
One of the earliest signs of overexposure to x-rays may be
loss of hair.
erythema
keratosis
blindness
5
The time lapse from x-ray exposure until noticeable damage occurs is known as
the cumulative period
the latent period
none of the answers are correct
chronic exposure
6
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings—2003,
should be heat sterilized.
are single-use items and should be disposed of between patients.
do not require a barrier; they should be wiped down with disinfectant
should use FDA-cleared barriers.
7
When a patient’s chin is positioned too low during the panoramic exposure
B. the condyles will not be visible.
Both A and B occur
C. detail in the posterior apical regions will be lost.
A. the mandibular incisors will appear blurred.
8
Damage caused by ionizing x-radiation to genetic cells
affects the cells of the eye, skin, and oral mucosa.
affects only the dental assistant.
can affect future generations.
affects only the person being exposed.
9
The fuzzy or blurred area around an image is called _____________. It can be reduced by _______________.
a penumbra; using fast film
distortion; using fast film
a penumbra; limiting movement
distortion; limiting movement
10
It is the responsibility of the ____ to discuss the need for dental imaging.
Dentist
Dentist and Dental Hygienist
Dental Assistant
Dental Hygienist
11
The correct position of the Frankfort plane for a diagnostically correct panoramic image is
tipped upward
parallel to the floor.
tipped downward.
perpendicular to the floor.
12
Failure to obtain informed consent from a patient prior to exposure of dental radiographs can lead to charges of
negligence
respondeat superior.
informed consent
disclosure.
13
Quality assurance is a way of ensuring that everything possible is being done to produce high-quality images
No answer text provided.
during shipping from the manufacturer to the supplier.
of dental staff credentials.
tests and administration procedures.
14
When the patient’s jaws are outside the focal trough, the resulting images are
too light
ghost images
blurred
doubled
15
A radiopaque cone-shaped artifact on a panoramic image that interferes with the diagnostic information is caused by the
patient moving during the procedure.
patients lead apron being incorrectly placed or a thyroid collar being used
patient’s chin being too high during the procedure.
patient’s head being posterior to the focal trough.
16
What type of dental image is this?
panoramic
CBCT
periapical
cephalometric
17
The degree of density or blackness on an image is controlled by the
milliampere seconds
low-voltage circuit.
position indicating device
kilovoltage
18
When in storage, the lead apron should be
B. folded
D. A or C
C. draped over a bar
A. hung
19
Secondary radiation
x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter
an x-ray beam has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter
is often referred to as the useful beam.
is often referred to as the primary beam.
20
Exposure to radiation
no matter how small, has the potential to cause harmful biological changes.
has a threshold, below which exposure is entirely safe.
dental x-ray machine doesn't involve particulate radiation and is safe.
is safer when there is a single, large dose than a series of smaller doses.
21
All of the following structures will appear radiolucent on dental x-ray film except
tooth decay.
soft tissue.
dental pulp.
metal restorations.
22
How well the image reproduces fine detail or distinct outlines of an object is called
magnification
sharpness
density
contrast
23
The council that determines the radiation effects and levels tolerable for humans is the
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements.
American Dental Association (Council on Dental Materials).
American Dental Association (Council on Radiation Safety).
24
Advantages of panoramic imaging include which of the following?
All answers are correct
The entire maxilla and mandible are seen on one image.
It is easy and quick to learn how to expose a panoramic image.
Patients prefer panoramic images and are exposed to less radiation.
25
Who should hold the film in a patient’s mouth if the patient is unable to do so?
Parent or relative of the patient
Receptionist
Dentist
Assistant
26
The uses of dental images include the detection of
percussion sensitivity as part of endodontic evaluation.
incipient occlusal lesions.
abnormalities in surrounding hard and soft tissues.
periodontal probing depths.
27
All the following are true regarding the transfer of dental images except
when&where the images were sent need to be recorded on the patient’s chart
a reasonable fee may be charged.
the dentist should be informed of the patient’s request.
the originals are sent.
28
wearing earrings or glasses must remove them before a panoramic x-ray image exposure or a ____ will appear on the image.
ghost image
radiolucent shadow
dark area
reverse smile line
29
Chronic radiation exposure occurs when _____ doses of radiation are received over a _______ time period.
large; long
small; long
large; short
small; short
30
One of the rules of radiation protection is never stand closer than ______ feet from the x-ray unit during an exposure
10
2
15
6
31
Regulations regarding certification for dental assistants in radiography
do not exist
are not required by federal law
vary from state to state.
32
Because the entire x-ray area is considered a radiation hazard area, a radiation hazard sign must be posted in
A. sight of patients.
B and A
B. sight of personnel
C. the doctor's private office
33
When a patient does not stand or sit with a straight spine
an “exaggerated smile line” or curved downward smile line will appear.
the panoramic image will be blurred.
detail of the apical regions of the teeth will be lost.
the cervical spine will appear as a radiopacity in the center of the film
34
All the following are true statements regarding the preparation of the operatory for dental imaging except
barriers should be used on all surfaces that cannot be easily cleaned
barriers do not need to be used b/c spatter of blood and saliva is unlikely
barriers are preferred over switches to prevent electrical shorts.
35
All of the following statements about panoramic imaging are true except
panoramic images are primarily used for locating impacted teeth,lesions,etc
the digital panoramic unit uses film that has to be processed.
with film-based imaging, bitewings need to be taken to detect decay.
a digital panoramic unit can reveal a small interproximal carious lesion
36
What is the purpose of the insulating oil that fills the x-ray machine housing and surrounds the x-ray tube?
Absorbs heat created by the production of x-rays.
Insulates tubehead from sounds created by depressing the exposure button
Stabilizes and prevents drifting of the tubehead.
Lubricates the yoke of the tubehead so it does not squeak.
37
Once films are removed from the mouth, they are considered contaminated and should be
left on the counter in the operatory to accelerate exposure.
heat-sterilized.
given to the patient to hold.
handled only with gloved hands.
38
Who can be held legally responsible for a dental assistant’s actions?
The patient
The dentist
The dental assistant
Both the dentist and assistant
39
Which of the following tissues has the highest radiation sensitivity?
Kidney
Bone marrow
Muscle tissue
Salivary gland
40
Which of the following is a device used to position the film and patient for an extraoral panoramic image?
Collimator
Focal trough
Exposure control
Cephalostat
41
PSP's
are a major source of cross-contamination.
should be immersed in disinfecting solution.
should be wiped with a cotton ball after being removed from the mouth
should be heat sterilized.
42
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding federal and state regulations on the use of dental x-ray equipment?
Most states have laws that require check of dental x-ray equip on a basis
dental x-ray equipment is regulated by federal but not state regulations
The government requires x-ray machines to be registered and charges a fee
dental x-ray machines sold in the United States after 1934 must meet reg.
43
Sterilized positioning instruments should be removed from the packages
after the patient is seated.
before the patient is seated.
in the sterilization area.
at any time
44
A ghost image will appear _____ than normal and on the _____ side of the image.
larger; same
larger; opposite
smaller; same
smaller; opposite
45
A good protocol to follow for decreasing the contamination of dental imaging equipment and supplies is to
C. ask for help.
A. gather all supplies needed before beginning the procedure.
B. use overgloves if additional supplies are needed during a procedure.
All are correct
46
The purpose of the head positioner is to position the patient correctly in the
focal trough.
occlusal vertical dimension.
Frankfort plane
central ray
47
All the following organs are more sensitive to radiation and are considered critical organs except
lens of the eye.
muscle.
skin.
thyroid gland.
48
The skull view that shows the frontal and ethmoid sinuses, the orbits, and the nasal cavities is the _____ projection.
posteroanterior
lateral cephalometric
magnetic resonance
temporomandibular
49
Skull radiography is most often used in
oral surgery and orthodontics
endodontics and oral surgery.
orthodontics and fixed prosthodontics.
50
The maximum permissible dose for an occupational worker for an individual 18 years of age or older is _____ rem/year.
1.25
3
.3
5
51
Anterior teeth that appear fat are caused by the
chin positioned to low
patient’s teeth positioned too far forward on the bite-block.
patient’s teeth positioned too far back on the bite-block.
patient not sitting or standing up straight.
52
What should the dental assistant do if a patient refuses dental imaging?
Document in the patient’s record that he/she refused dental imaging
Tell the patient that the dentist doesn’t mind working w/o dental images
Ask the patient to sign a waiver releasing the dentist from any liability
Attempt to take the dental images anyway.
53
The lead collimator is used to
remove long wavelengths.
restrict the size and shape of the primary beam.
make the primary beam more accurate.
stop production of the primary beam.
54
Which of the following is TRUE about Dosimeter badges?
They measure the occupational radiation exposure to ionizing radiation
All of the above are correct
They are usually worn for 3-4 weeks before returning it & only worn at work
should be removed when the wearer is having his/her own dental x-rays taken
55
In dentistry, the __________ the wavelengths of the x-rays, the greater their energy and their usefulness.
straighter
shorter
more ionized
longer
56
The ___ used in the panoramic x-ray machine tubehead is a lead plate with an opening shaped like a narrow vertical slit.
collimator
filter
patient chair
bite-block
57
Computed tomography
uses a magnetic field, thereby not exposing the patient to x-radiation
has long been used in dental radiology, and the scanners are common
used in dentistry primarily for diagnosing lesions&planning implant cases.
requires the use of film and processing.
58
The heart of the x-ray generating system is the
x-ray tube.
insulating oil.
transformer
position indicator device.
59
Given normal use, processing solutions should be changed
annually.
once a week.
once a day.
every 3 to 4 weeks.
60
When a patient’s teeth are not positioned in the groove of the bite-block and are too far forward, the teeth will appear
skinny
short
tall
fat
61
The x-ray was discovered in 1895 by
G.V. Black.
John Greenwood.
Edmund Kells.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.
62
What new feature of the panoramic unit has allowed better resolution to show better details?
Magnetic resonance
Digital technology
Focal trough
Cephalostat
63
Which of the following must be disclosed to the patient before obtaining informed consent for dental radiograph
D. all are correct
A. risks and benefits of the images
C. consequences of not having dental images
B. person who will be exposing
64
A patient is concerned with radiation exposure You can assure him that your office uses the ALARA concept which includes
D. all are correct
C. keeping exposures levels as low as possible.
B. minimizing retakes.
A. reducing the number of exposures.
65
A lead apron and a thyroid collar
must be used on all patients for all exposures.
are required for pediatric patients but is optional for adults.
are used for a FMX series of films but aren't necessary for single PA films
are mandated only for pregnant women.
66
The component of the x-ray machine that functions in positioning the tubehead is the
control panel.
extension arm.
kilovoltage selector.
cathode
67
The Guidelines for Prescribing Dental Radiographs by the ADA&FDA recommend which procedures for a pregnant patient
Take images only after the first trimester
Radiographic imaging procedures do not need to be altered b/c of pregnancy.
Do not take images of a pregnant patient.
68
The portion of the x-ray machine that supplies the electrons to produce x-rays is the
focusing cup.
anode
control panel.
cathode.
69
The quality of the panoramic view depends on
the size of the patient’s jaw
All answer are correct
how the patient’s jaw is positioned within the focal trough
how closely the patient’s jaw conforms to the focal trough.
70
Dental images are the property of the
patient’s insurance company
patient
dentist
state board
71
If you change the exposure time of the x-ray unit, what is affected?
Number of x-rays produced
Penetrability of the x-rays
Energy of the beam
Wavelength of the x-rays
72
___________ is the term used to describe areas that appear white or light gray.
density
radiopaque
contrast
radiolucent
73
A panoramic image allows the dentist to do all of the following except
determine if a tooth is percussion sensitive.
view the entire dentition and related structures in one film.
view all of the sinus cavities.
detect caries
74
Each panoramic unit has a(n) ______ that is used to align the patient’s teeth as accurately as possible.
tubehead
exposure control
power source
head positioner
75
Which of the following is the name for the primary kind of radiation produced in the dental x-ray tubehead?
Electromagnetic radiation
Braking radiation
Characteristic radiation
Particulate radiation
76
When a patient’s chin is too high during the panoramic exposure
the maxillary premolars will be blurred
a “reverse smile line” will appear on the radiograph.
detail of the mandibular region will be lost.
77
Following the removal of an exposed film or PSP from a patient's mouth, the film/PSP should be
immersed in disinfecting solution
None of the above
sterilized in a heat sterilizer
wiped free of saliva using a dry 2X2 inch gauze sponge or paper towel
78
In panoramic imaging, _____ rotate(s) around the patient.
the tubehead but not the image receptor
neither the image receptor nor the tubehead
the tubehead but not the image receptor
both the image receptor and the tubehead
79
Which statement is true of a grid?
B. A grid allows passage of the x-ray beam.
A. The grid is placed between the patient’s head and the film.
All of the above are correct
C. Scatter radiation is absorbed by the lead strips, reducing film fog
80
An administrative quality control plan
a. ensures that each individual is trained to perform assigned duties.
c. maintains records of control tests.
b. maintains a written description of the quality assurance plan.
All answers are correct
81
The focal trough is an imaginary three-dimensional curved area or space that bears the same shape as a
baseball diamond
horseshoe
gutter
bowling pin
82
What type of dental image is this?
Cephalometric
CBCT
Bitewing
Panoramic
83
Transporting PSP films should be done by placing them in
a baggy with disinfecting solution.
your lab coat pocket.
a paper cup.
a black transfer box.
84
All of the following statements about cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) are true except the
images can be sent over the Internet for consultation on cases.
CBCT is a little difficult to learn to use and requires a lot of practice.
software program for the CBCT unit makes it possible to see soft tissue.
CBCT images may be colorized on the computer.
85
Advantages of panoramic imaging, when contrasted with intraoral imaging, include
no focal trough limitations.
less radiation exposure.
lower equipment cost.
86
The CBCT is useful in helping the dentist
The CBCT is useful in helping the dentist
with extractions of impacted teeth.
determine the exact location of the mandibular nerve before surgery.
Do all of the above
87
The term ____________ is used to describe areas that appear dark on the image
radiopaque
density
radiolucent
contrast
88
To avoid a lead apron artifact on a panoramic radiograph
use lead apron w/o a thyroid collar&place the lead apron low around the nec
place the lead apron high around the neck of the patient
do not use a lead apron at all.
use a lead apron with a thyroid collar.
89
The main components of the panoramic unit include the panoramic x-ray tubehead, the head positioner, and
exposure controls
yoke.
cephalostat
focal trough
90
exposure controls allow the ___ to be adjusted on the panoramic x-ray unit, to accommodate patients of different sizes.
vertical angulation
milliamperage and kilovoltage
exposure time
horizontal angulation
91
A grid
increases the amount of scatter radiation that reaches the patient.
aligns the patient with the focal trough
decreases the contrast of the radiographic image.
decreases the film fog, increasing the contrast of the image.
92
A dark radiolucent shadow that obscures the anterior teeth can indicate that the patient’s
tongue was not in contact with the palate during the exposure.
chin was too low
head was posterior to the focal trough.
lips were not closed on the bite-block during the exposure.
93
The penetrating power of the x-ray beam is controlled by the settings on the
impulse timer.
kilovolt setting.
milliamp setting.
94
Calibration of dental x-ray equipment should be performed by
a dental assistant
the dentist
a qualified technician.
95
Dental records must contain documentation of the ______ of dental images taken.
B. type
A. number
D.All of the above
C. quality
96
Who is responsible for overall quality assurance in a dental practice?
Dentist
Dental hygienist
Office manager
Dental assistant
97
All of the following statements about the panoramic tubehead are true except the
vertical angulation of the tubehead is not adjustable.
tubehead rotates behind the patient’s head.
tubehead rotates the film behind the patient’s head.
tubehead houses the filament that produces electrons&target produces images
98
When a dark radiolucent shadow obscures the apices of the maxillary teeth, the
patient’s lips were not closed on the bite-block during the exposure.
patient needed to swallow.
patient’s head was posterior to the focal trough.
patient’s tongue was not in contact with the palate during the exposure.
99
Primary radiation is
a. also called the useful beam.
c. less penetrating than secondary radiation.
b. the beam of x-rays that comes from the target.
Both A and B
100
The Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act is a federal law that requires all
any who take dental x-rays be registered w/ a national practitioner databan
dental x-ray machines to be registered.
persons who expose dental x-rays to wear radiation safety badges
persons who use x-rays to take dental images be properly trained&certified

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