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Unit 1: The Anatomy of a Murder Investigation Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 1: The Anatomy of a Murder Investigation
Unit 1: The Anatomy of a Murder Investigation
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Review for Forensic Science Exam I
Flashcards
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Questions
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1
Which of the following is NOT true of a ligature strangulation?
It involves use of a cord, but not using one's body weight.
The face/neck are congested with blood and become dark red.
It leaves a V-shaped bruise on the victim's neck.
It is almost always a homicide.
2
The CSI effect describes:
how a small event in one area can hugely impact other areas.
the way corpses decompose over the course of several days.
why TV detective duos with clashing values fall in love.
the impact of crime show viewing on criminal proceedings.
3
The situation that maximizes the likelihood of accurate suspect identification is:
a 30-second look at a suspect in the daytime.
a 30-second look at a suspect with tattoos.
a 60-second look at a suspect with a weapon.
a 60-second look at a highly attractive suspect.
4
The killing of an infant within 24 hours after his/her birth is called:
filicide.
infanticide.
uxoricide.
neonaticide.
5
United States vs. Scheffer (1998) is important because it:
was the first to bring DNA evidence into the courtroom.
was the first to allow NTLDs in court.
resulted in the inadmissibility of polygraphic evidence.
established the Daubert standard.
6
Based on the Henry classification system, your right pinky is finger number:
1
5
10
6
7
Footprints found near a homicide scene were from Air Jordan 11 sneakers. These represent:
individual evidence.
class evidence.
8
Which stage of death is conveyed in the image below?
livor mortis
algor mortis
rick and morty
rigor mortis
9
The "Father of Toxicology" is:
Mathieu Orfila.
Alphonse Bertillon.
Albert S. Osborn.
Francis Galton.
10
A police lineup is considered to be:
testimonial evidence.
physical evidence.
11
The scientist who identified the human ABO blood groups (and received the 1930 Nobel Prize) is:
Walter C. McCrone.
Karl Landsteiner.
Calvin Goddard.
Hans Gross.
12
After roomie Meredith Kercher was found murdered, Amanda Knox acted bizarrely upbeat. This is:
transient evidence.
circumstantial evidence.
direct evidence.
conditional evidence.
13
The lights were left on at a crime scene. This is:
direct evidence.
conditional evidence.
transient evidence.
circumstantial evidence.
14
Mass murder and spree killing differ in:
the weapons used in the killings.
the number of locations of killings.
the typical fate of the killers.
the number of victims.
15
A defendant admits guilt to a lesser charge so the prosecutor drops more serious ones. This is:
"nolo contendere."
hearsay.
indictment by a grand jury.
plea bargaining.
16
Fingerprints are useful for identification for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
they can be systematically classified.
they are consistent over a person's lifetime.
they have unique characteristic ridges.
they provide direct evidence against a suspect.
17
The Daubert standard improves upon the Frye standard because it:
specifies that NTLDs are admissible but polygraphs are not.
allows new scientific theories or techniques in court.
more critically investigates witness testimony for accuracy.
strengthens the validity of "junk science" in court.
18
Which statement about the insanity defense is true?
It is raised in nearly 1/4 of homicide cases.
When raised, it is successful ~50% of the time.
Social anxiety is a common cause for its successful use.
It is usually only persuasive with brain scan evidence.
19
All of the following are standard characteristics of an interrogation EXCEPT:
reading of one's Miranda rights.
complete privacy, with no onlookers.
the knowledge of lab reports and evidence.
minimal furniture.
20
Restraining orders (and other remedial or preventative legal actions) are considered:
statutory law.
common (case) law.
civil (private) law.
equity law.
21
Which phrase is incorrectly matched with its definition?
geographic profile = guess killer's location based on kills
entrapment = law enforcement coerces one to commit a crime
linkage blindness = disconnect among distant serial kills
diathesis-stress model = genes alone create a killer
22
In criminal profiling, classifying the crime involves distinguishing among:
homicide, mass murder, killing spree, and serial murder.
homicide, suicide, natural death, and accidental death.
manner and mechanism of death.
manner and cause of death.
23
The Henry classification system focuses on the presence of:
loops.
arches.
whorls.
24
Triangulation at a crime scene involves:
reconstructing a crime scene based on an initial sketch.
measuring how far evidence is from the closest 2 corners.
methodically searching for a suspect in a given area.
packaging and labeling evidence in a non-intrusive manner.
25
All of the following clues statistically suggest a homicide EXCEPT:
pulled-out hair and overturned furniture.
horizontal creases on victim's clothing, clean inside folds.
defensive cuts on the hands and underside of the arms.
presence of the weapon at the scene.
26
Al hits Amy in the head with a bat. Her brain swells, and she dies. The mechanism of death is:
Al's role in striking Amy with the bat.
the strike to the head with the bat.
Amy's brain swelling.
blunt force trauma.
27
When two prisoners had the exact same body measurements, fingerprinting overtook the system of:
Calvin Goddard.
Albert S. Osborn.
Alphonse Bertillon.
Francis Galton.
28
Ninhydrin is used to visualize latent fingerprints by detecting:
salt in perspiration.
trace metals.
amino acids.
heat.
29
The most common "manner of death" is:
homicidal.
accidental.
natural.
suicidal.
30
Identify the type of minutiae:
eye
spur
bridge
delta
31
All of the following are features of the Reid technique EXCEPT:
the development of a positive theme for the crime.
stretching the truth about evidence to encourage confession.
small talk to establish comfort and a truth/lie baseline.
allowing the suspect to deny the charges.
32
The federal crime lab that would investigate an explosion at a government monument is the:
JAY-Z.
ATF.
DEA.
USPS.
33
The Locard principle states that:
every individual has a unique fingerprint pattern.
only widely accepted scientific knowledge is law-admissible.
there is always transfer of material when two objects touch.
lie detection via NTLD is ethically unsound.
34
The cross-race effect indicates that:
people recognize faces of their own race better than others.
drug use and intoxication can influence witness testimony.
mixed-race suspects tend to be harder to identify.
open-ended questioning is preferred over providing options.
35
Serial killers who kill for the thrill of it are:
hedonistic serial killers.
power/control killers.
mission-oriented killers.
visionary serial killers.
36
Which of the following is NOT among the duties of the first officer at a crime scene?
Test blood, hair, or fibers found at the scene
Safeguard the scene
Apprehend the perpetrator, or alert if the perp is escaping
Record clues concerning the cause of death
37
Composite sketches may be used externally to:
solicit leads from citizens.
help officers identify a suspect.
38
The study of disease and its relevance to a criminal investigation is called:
forensic pathology.
odontology.
forensic anthropology.
forensic psychiatry.
39
The first known successful criminal profile was performed by:
Jack Kirsh.
Howard Teten.
Thomas Bond.
James Brussel.
40
The most common fingerprints, often caused by oils or perspiration, are called:
plastic.
visible.
latent.
41
The gene whose variant contributes to psychopathy, MAOA, is X-linked and primarily affects:
senior citizens.
females.
children.
males.
42
Individuals of African descent statistically tend to have a higher frequency of:
whorls.
loops.
arches.
43
Which NTLD response is NOT correctly matched with what it indicates?
Blood flow patterns show areas activated during lies.
P300 waves (EEGs) are a response to a previously seen image.
Eyes give off more heat when people lie (thermal imaging).
Perspiration and heart rate increase when people lie.
44
This fingerprint (found on the right hand) is most specifically categorized as a:
right ulnar loop.
left radial loop.
right radial loop.
left ulnar loop.
45
This fingerprint is a(n):
plain whorl.
central pocket whorl.
accidental whorl.
double loop whorl.
46
A lust murderer who is socially awkward and murders in a frenzied manner is:
organized asocial.
disorganized asocial.
organized nonsocial.
disorganized nonsocial.
47
Rigor mortis is physiologically characterized by:
cell breakdown and gravity-based blood settling.
the decrease in one's body temperature after death.
calcium accumulation in the muscles, followed by dissolving.
the increase in one's body temperature after death.
48
NTLDs differ from modern polygraphy because they:
use direct brain scanning rather than physiological changes.
require trained experts to read graphs.
use physiological changes rather than direct brain scanning.
examine facial microexpressions through videotaping.
49
The best method for searching a small crime scene for evidence is the:
parallel method.
spiral method.
grid method.
zone method.
50
A serial killer always kills via strangulation with a drape cord. This is his:
modus operandi.
signature.
51
Dexter tests two poisons to see which kills hairless rats fastest. The dependent variable is:
The type of rat
Dexter
The time it takes the rat to die
The type of poison
52
A male suspect wore jeans. 1/2 of students are male and 1/8 wear jeans. How many students fit?
1/6
1/16
1/4
1/10
53
A minor crime, like assault and battery or theft, would most specifically be considered a(n):
misdemeanor.
felony.
infraction.
violation.
54
Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of a serial killer?
White male
Late 30s to early 40s
Hands-on method of murder
Kills within own race
55
Jill is about to stab Jack with a dagger, but you shoot and kill her before she can. This is:
reasonable mistake.
state-sanctioned homicide.
justifiable homicide.
inability to intentionally kill.
56
A low- and high-risk victim are distinguished by:
their mechanism of death.
whether the crime was organized or disorganized.
whether or not they deserve blamed for being victimized.
their lifestyle and social environment.
57
Forensic toxicologists study:
failure analysis, accident reconstruction and arson sources.
mental illness in suspects in the criminal justice system.
the role of harmful chemicals or drugs at a crime scene.
recovered skeletons and bones, and any clues they provide.
58
A control group in an experiment is:
the subject to which you compare your experimental groups.
the variable you change among experimental groups.
the thing you're measuring.
something that stays the same in all tested subjects.
59
The chain of custody indicates:
which individuals have handled a piece of evidence.
the names and roles of individuals to testify in court.
the order in which individuals arrived at a crime scene.
which investigating group has jurisdiction at a crime scene.
