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HESI Comprehensive Practice (Part 1)
HESI Comprehensive Practice (Part 1)
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HESI Comprehensive Practice V2 / Radiography / Gurnick / It Is What It Is / #Gurnickway
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100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Answers
1
See below:
Use of high-pass filtering.
The wide latitude.
The ability to reprocess images.
Use of edge enhancement.
2
Which is the proper amount & direction of heel rotation recommended for a posteroanterior PA projection of the patella?
5 to 10 degrees medially.
5 to 10 degrees laterally.
10 to 15 degrees medially.
10 to 15 degrees laterally.
3
Which factor would the radiographer choose to maximize recorded detail in the image?
Small focal spot.
100 cm source to image receptor distance (SID).
Low milliampere-seconds (mAs).
High kilavolts peak (kVo).
4
See below:
Approve image and send to Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)
Alter image window width & level to improve the visual appeal, then approve
Repeat the image with an appropriate increase in technical factors
Reprocess image under a different algorithm to improve visual appearance
5
Which normal effect of aging is a common obstacle to communication with elder adults?
Hearing impairment.
Aphasia.
Decreased intelligence.
Senile dementia.
6
See below:
Do not move the affected leg.
Externally rotate the affected leg.
Internally rotate the affected leg.
Abduct the affected leg.
7
See below:
0.50 Gy.
0.25 Gy.
0.01 Gy.
0.15 Gy.
8
Which projection is the freest of bony superimposition over the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
Axiolateral oblique (Law).
Axiolateral oblique (Stenvers).
Axiolateral (Schuller).
Tangential (May).
9
See below:
Obtain an open-mouth projection of C1 and C2.
Obtain a cross-table lateral projection.
Cancel the radiographs and order an MRI.
Cancel the radiographs and order a CT.
10
Which position most accurately describes the Camp Coventry method for demonstrating the intercondylar fossa of the knee?
Prone with the femur parallel to the image receptor (IR).
Kneeling with the lower leg parallel to the image receptor (IR).
Standing with the lower leg parallel to the image receptor (IR).
Supine iwth the image receptor (IR) under the knee.
11
Which disease requires the infected patient to be placed on airborne precautions?
AIDS.
Pneumonia.
MRSA.
Chickenpox.
12
See below:
To prevent superimposition of the vertebrae and sternum.
To superimpose the vertebrae and sternum.
To flatten the sternum out.
To prevent the sternum from being in the shadow of the heart.
13
What is the single, most important step radiographers can take to protect themselves and their patients from infection?
Clean the surfaces the patient touches with dilutes bleach solution.
Use exam gloves.
Wash their hands between patients.
Touch the patient only when absolutely necessary.
14
See below:
Edge enhancement.
Image inversion.
Automatic rescaling.
Contrast manipulation.
15
How much lead equivalence is required for fluoroscopic curtains?
0.2 mm.
0.25 mm.
0.4 mm.
0.5 mm.
16
See below:
The forearm should be pronated to correct the error.
The elbow joint should be rotated laterally.
The humerus and forearm should be placed in the same horizontal plane.
The elbow joint should be rotated medially.
17
See below:
0.015 mGy.
0.025 mGy.
0.01 mGy.
0.005 mGy.
18
Which describes the correct positioning for demonstrating the right sacroiliac (SI) joint, with the joint space open?
35 degrees, right posterior oblique (RPO).
25 degrees, left posterior oblique (LPO).
35 degrees, left posterior oblique (LPO).
25 degrees, right posterior oblique (RPO).
19
How can a radiographer be less intimidating to a child?
Squat down to the child's level.
Converse with the parents.
Sit in a chair.
Put the child on the x-ray table.
20
Which is the best projection to evaluate the coronoid process in profile?
Scapular Y View.
Medial oblique elbow.
Inferosuperior axial shoulder.
Anteroposterior (AP) elbow.
21
What results from utilizing a lower ratio grid?
Lower contrast,but less leeway in positioning central ray (CR) to the grid.
Higher contrast and less latitude in central ray (CR) positioning.
Higher contrast and greater latitude in central ray (CR) positioning.
Lower contrast, but greater error margin in central ray (CR) placement.
22
See below:
Anteroposterior (AP).
Mediolateral lateral.
Anteroposterior (AP) with medial rotation.
Anteroposterior (AP) with lateral rotation.
23
Under which condition might an x-ray photon be deviated from its original direction?
Interaction occurs.
Speed increases.
Focused by a lens.
Photon mass increases.
24
See below:
Fixed mode works well for exams where it is difficult to center image on IR
Fixed mode ignores exposure index & useful for body parts w/ a prosthesis
Fixed mode compares data to a histogram & uses proper brightness & contrast
Fixed mode does not recognize collimation borders
25
Which position was used to produce the image of the stomach?
Left anterior oblique (LAO).
Right posterior oblique (RPO).
Right anterior oblique (RAO).
Left posterior oblique (LPO).
26
Which increases a radiographer's radiation exposure?
Use of positive beam limitation (PBL).
Use of high-speed image receptor (IR) systems.
Choosing low kVp, high mAs exposure factors.
Choosing high kilovolts peak (kVp), low milliampere seconds (mAs) factors.
27
A female was referred for mammography but is nervous about the risks of ionizing radiation. How should you handle this?
Reassure the benefit of the procedure outweighs the potential consequences.
Inform her that shielding will block any bad radiation.
Advise her there is no such thing as "ionizing radiation" & continue exam.
Tell her breast cancer is detrimental to one's health & exam is imperative.
28
There are several methods to overcome sagging of lumbar spine in lateral position. Where should the radiographer begin?
2
1
3
4
29
Where should radiographers clip their radiation monitors when wearing an apron for fluoroscopy?
At the collar, beneath the lead apron.
At the waist, outside of the lead apron.
At the collar, outside of the lead apron.
At the waist, beneath the lead apron.
30
Digital radiography can produce 16,000 shades of gray. What appropriate bit depth (dynamic range) does this represent?
10 bit depth.
14 bit depth.
16 bit depth.
12 bit depth.
31
See below:
Posterior-anterior (PA) hand.
Lateral thumb.
Anteroposterior (AP) thumb.
Oblique thumb.
32
Which of these atoms or parts of atoms exhibits no charge?
Electron.
Neutron.
Hydrogen nucleus.
Proton.
33
If 7 milliampere-seconds (mAs) provides optimal density without a grid, which mAs should be sued with a 12:1 grid?
21.
28.
42.
35.
34
See below:
We use the "as low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA) philosophy.
We use film badges to find radiation amount that's reasonable for patients.
We use lead aprons to block radiation, so we don't have a policy in place.
Radiology equipment doesn't really produce radiation.
35
Which statement correctly identifies appropriate use of fluoroscopic technology?
Mobile C-arm fluoroscopic devices are routine for walk-in patients.
The fluoroscopist must ensure that a cumulative timer is present and used.
A primary protective barrier of 1 mm lead equivalent is required.
The patient-image intensifier distance should be as long as possible.
36
If computed radiography (CR) imaging plates (IP) haven't been used, how often should they be erased?
72 hours.
24 hours.
96 hours.
48 hours.
37
What is the result if the total lead content of a grid is decreased?
Greater image contrast.
Higher patient dose.
Increased scatter absorption.
Decreased scatter absorption.
38
What would a continuous, fine, horizontal white line across the computed radiography image indicate?
A crack in the phosphor layer of the cassette.
Backscatter artifact.
Static electricity
Dirt on the light guide or laser head.
39
Which component of a diagnostic x-ray tube restricts the primary beam to the area of interest?
Focusing cup.
Electrostatic lenses.
Collimator.
Protective housing.
40
Which action is most appropriate for suspected trauma of the cervical spine (patient on a backboard & head immobilized)?
Obtain a cross-table lateral for the physician prior to further imaging.
Pull the patient's arms down to help visualize the lower cervical spine.
Remove the cervical collar to check for metallic objects.
Acquire all images with patient in an upright position if possible.
41
Which position is used to demonstrate the left kidney in profile for an intravenous urogram (IVU)?
30-degree right posterior oblique (RPO).
30-degree left posterior oblique (LPO).
45-degree left posterior oblique (LPO).
45-degree right posterior oblique (RPO).
42
Which diseases are most prevalent in connection with the 1986 chernobyl nuclear power accident? Select three that apply
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 4
3, 4, 5
2, 3, 4
43
A child comes in with obvious deformity to her mid forearm. How should the radiographer care for her when taking x-rays?
Remove any immobilization devices.
Move the arm any way needed.
Nothing, let her move her own arm.
Support the joint above and below the deformity.
44
Which is one function of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) network?
Downloading images from different imaging modalities.
Listing inpatient ordering information.
Holding reports dictated by the radiologist.
Tracking billing information.
45
Which central ray (CR) angulation is recommended for an anteroposterior (AP) axial projection of the toes?
15 degrees toward the heel.
40 degrees toward the heel.
5 degrees toward the heel.
30 degrees toward the heel.
46
In order to increase the number of shades of gray displayed on a digital image what should be done?
Increase the window level.
Increase the window width.
Decrease the window level.
Decrease the window width.
47
If a pregnant patient is inadvertently irradiated, who should perform the calculations to determine fetal dose?
Radiologic physicist.
Radiologist.
Radiographer performing the examination.
Imaging department manager.
48
Which exam may be used to assess cruciate ligament pathology?
Knee arthrogram.
Shoulder arthrogram.
Three view elbow series.
Wrist including navicular views.
49
Which condition could lead to neurogenic shock?
Head trauma.
A pulmonary embolism.
A massive infection.
External hemorrhage.
50
Which fluoroscopic kilovolts peak (kVp) factor is most appropriate for optimal patient radiation protection?
80-90 kVp.
60-70 kVp.
100-110 kVp.
70-80 kVp.
51
See below:
Seizure.
Syncopal episode.
Insulin shock.
Anaphylactic shock.
52
What is a contraindication for using any type of intravenous contrast material in radiography?
Alcoholism.
Renal failure
Diabetes
Heart Disease.
53
Who should stay in the patient’s room during a portable x-ray examination done in a hospital room?
Radiographers.
Visitors.
Physicians.
Nurses.
54
See below:
Rotate the patient to the left.
Accept the image.
Rotate the patient to the right.
Ask the patient to take a deeper inspiration.
55
What is the annual occupational effective dose limit for a 43-year-old radiographer?
50 millisievert (mSv).
4.3 millisievert (mSv).
43 millisievert (mSv).
5 millisievert (mSv).
56
Which type of x-ray photons are present in the remnant x-ray beam, but not in the primary beam?
Scattered.
Bremsstrahlung.
Unattenuated.
Characteristic.
57
How should the radiographer correct this image of a lateral scapula?
Increase patient obliquity.
Decrease patient obliquity.
Elevate arm.
No correction needed.
58
Which bony landmark is commonly used for central ray location on an anteroposterior (AP) chest projection?
Xiphoid process.
Vertebrae prominens.
T7 spinous process.
Jugular notch.
59
A patient with a compound fracture has an immobilization device in place, what is the best action by the radiographer?
Remove the device if it interferes with the images to be produced.
Remove the device it if the patient is uncomfortable.
Leave the device in place unless directed by a physician to remove it.
Determine if the device is really needed and remove it if possible.
60
See below:
Interventional nurse.
Radiologist.
Radiographer.
Anesthesiologist.
61
Which disease is contracted by exposure to infected blood and blood products?
Small pox.
Hepatitis B.
Tuberculosis.
Rubella.
62
See below:
Same measurement, same technical factors.
Greater measurement, higher kVp and mAs
Same measurement, but more bone, higher kVp and mAs.
Smaller measurement, lower kVp and mAs
63
See below:
Innominate bones.
Femoral necks.
Pubic rami.
Sacral alae.
64
Which patient is most at risk for catastrophic embryonic damage from radiation?
Patient 3
Patient 4
Patient 1
Patient 2
65
See below:
Allow the patient to use an inhaler.
Initiate oxygen therapy.
Ask the patient if they have a history of asthma.
Call for medical assistance.
66
See below:
1 turn.
14 turns.
90,000 turns.
66,000 turns.
67
See below:
No correction needed.
Position patella further away from the image receptor (IR).
Position patella closer to the image receptor (IR).
Increase cephalic angulation.
68
Which component of radiographic noise in digital imaging is controlled by the radiographer?
Structure mottle.
Quantum mottle.
Film graininess
Electronic noise.
69
Which items can be used as indicators of the quality of the diagnostic x-ray beam? Select the two that apply
2 & 4
2 & 3
3 & 5
1 & 2
70
Which projection of the foot demonstrates the cuboid bone in profile with the least bony superimposition?
Anteroposterior (AP).
Anteroposterior (AP), lateral oblique.
Anteroposterior (AP), medial oblique.
Lateral.
71
Which property describes x-rays?
Travel faster than 186,282 miles per second.
Are focused by the collimator.
Are electrically negative.
Cause biological and chemical changes.
72
Which factors will result in greater x-ray attenuation? (Select the three that apply.)
3, 4, 5
1, 3, 4
1, 2, 3
2, 3, 4
73
Which is the preferred method for indicating the correct anatomic side on a radiographic image?
Write the appropriate marker directly on the film after exposure.
Photoflash the marker on a corner of the image after the exposure.
Electronically annotate the correct side prior to exposure.
Place a side marker directly on the image receptor (IR) prior to exposure.
74
On a lateral radiograph of a patient's leg, where will the patient's tibia be in relation to the fibula?
Partially superimposed.
Posterior to fibula.
Superior to fibula.
completely superimposed.
75
If a radiographer wanted to double image density without doubling the patient's dose which action should be taken?
Double kilovolts peak (kVp).
Increase milliampere-seconds (mAs) by 15%.
Increase kilovolts peak. (kVp) by 15%.
Double milliampere-seconds (mAs).
76
For a lateral femur, if a patient is rotated too far anteriorly what will happen to the condyles on the distal femur?
Medial condyle will be posterior to the lateral condyle.
They will superimpose.
Medial condyle will be inferior to the lateral condyle.
Medial condyle will be anterior to the lateral condyle.
77
How can radiographer decrease radiation exposure when performing examinations on pediatric patients? (Select three)
2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3
3, 4, 5
1, 3, 4
78
In which way can the radiographer minimize motion due to peristalsis?
Expose the radiograph on expiration.
Decrease exposure time.
Expose the radiograph on inspiration.
Give the patient explicit instructions.
79
Which type of exposure technique chart would allow the radiographer to make small, fine adjustments for orthopedic work?
Anatomically programmed radiography (APR).
Fixed kilovolts peak (kVp).
Automatic exposure control (AEC)
Variable kilovolts peak (kVp).
80
Which projection of the skull will result in the greatest exposure to the lens of the eye?
Verticosubmental.
Lateral.
Posteroanterior (PA) axial.
Anteroposterior (AP) axial.
81
Which description best defines a histogram?
The quantization of photon data striking the image receptor (IR).
The visual means for the radiographer to critique the radiographic image.
Graph where x-axis is the amount of exposure read & y-axis is # of pixels.
Mathematical analysis of the data set received by the image receptor(IR).
82
Which type of x-ray interaction results in the complete absorption of the incident photon by an orbital electron?
Photoelectric effect.
Pair production.
Classical scattering.
Compton effect.
83
Which represents the proper amount of internal leg rotation for the ankle mortise joint to appear open?
0 degrees.
45 degrees.
30 to 35 degrees
15 to 20 degrees.
84
Where should the central ray be centered to best demonstrate the rami for a PA mandible projection?
The point of contact bewtween the lips.
The acanthion.
The glabella.
The occlusal plane.
85
Which finding is considered a contraindication for myelography?
Herniated nucleus pulposus.
Bone fragments in the spinal canal.
Malignant spinal cord tumor.
Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid.
86
See below:
There is a problem with the digital receptor.
It could be an anomaly and should continue to be monitored
The automatic exposure control (AEC) is set at an inappropriate speed class
The x-ray room may need recalibration.
87
How does emphysema impact radiographic imaging of the chest?
Emphysema has no effect on chest tissue, requires no technical compensation
Emphysema is a destructive disease, & thus chest tissue is more radiolucent
Emphysema is an additive disease, meaning chest tissue is more radiopaque
Emphysema is a destructive disease but will not have effect on patient mass
88
What can be demonstrated with a left lateral decubitus position of the thorax?
Fluid in the pleural spaces of the apices & air in the costophrenic angles.
Air in the pleural spaces of the apices & fluid in costophrenic angles.
Air in the right pleural space and fluid in the left pleural space.
Fluid in the right pleural space and air in the left pleural space.
89
Which example is a violation of patient's privacy if communicated to anyone not directly involved with the patient?
A named patient is called for his barium enema.
Results of this exam should be available in 24 hours.
A named physician is an internal medicine specialist.
This exam will take about 10 minutes.
90
Pediatric patients require special consideration & appropriate radiation protection because they are more vulnerable to:
Only the early somatic effects of radiation.
Only the genetic effects of radiation.
Only the late somatic effects of radiation.
Both the late somatic effects and genetic effects of radiation.
91
See below:
"You may experience cardiac arrest."
"You may develop itching or hives."
"You may feel a warm sensation."
"You may go into shock."
92
When should a radiographer stand in the primary beam to restrain a patient?
Patient is a child.
During an emergency.
Patient has a fractured hip.
Never.
93
Which may be effects of fetal irradiation? (Select the four that apply).
1, 2, 3, 4
1, 3, 4, 5
2, 3, 4, 5
1, 2, 4, 5
94
Place the parts of the gastrointestinal tract in order from proximal to distal.
1. Duodenum 2. cecum 3. ileum 4. jejunum
1. Duodenum 2. jejunum 23 ileum 4. cecum
1. cecum 2. jejunum 3. duodedum 4. ileum
1. Duodenum 2. ileum 3. jejunum 4. cecum
95
What advantage does a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) have over a film badge?
TLD is only worn one month at a time.
More accurate.
TLD can be read more than once.
Cheaper
96
If a transformer has a greater # of turns in secondary coil than in primary coil, how will output voltage be affected?
No change.
Increased.
Decreased.
Unable to determine from information given.
97
As linear energy transfer (LET) increases, the ability of ionizing radiation to cause biologic effects does what?
Decreases considerably.
Increases until it reaches a maximal value.
Decreases slightly.
Remains constant, not increasing or decreasing.
98
How should the radiographer correct this image of a 45
°
oblique ankle?
No correction needed.
Dorsiflex foot.
Depress distal tibia.
Increase internal rotation.
99
See below:
Code blue cabinet.
Oxygen.
Crash cart.
Supply cabinet.
100
How should the radiographer correct this image of a medial oblique foot?
No correction needed.
Increase angle toward heel
Increases medial rotation.
Dorsiflex foot.
