Most of the oxygen that animals, including people, need to breathe is given off by

plants and certain organisms that perform photosynthesis

Detailed weather reports may also include

wind speed, humidity, and air pressure.

What data does a climograph show?

average temperature and amount of precipitation of a location for each year

Which group of things is part of the hydrosphere?

rivers, steam, ice cubes, ponds, fog, rain

A normal thunderstorm includes lightning, thunder, and rain. A severe thunderstorm includes

strong winds, hail, and possible tornado

air moving from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure.

Why does temperature decrease at a steady rate regardless of how high up in elevation you go?

Temperature is proportional to elevation and occurs at a specific rate.

Global winds are surface winds that blow in ________ around Earth.

fairly constant predictable patterns

The waves of sunlight most important to weather are

ultraviolet light, visible light, and infrared light.

Scientists model the Earth system by dividing it into what 4 parts?

land, water, living things, air

Half of the sunlight entering Earth's atmosphere reaches Earth's surface. What happens to the rest?

It is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere

Sunlight is made of different wavelengths of energy. Shorter wavelengths

carry more energy than longer wavelengths.

To stay safe during a thunderstorm, you should

stay away from trees and other tall objects

Different types of matter require different amounts of thermal energy

to increase their temperature by the same amount.

Weather maps use symbols to show the location of fronts. On these maps, fronts are represented by

colored lines with triangles or half circles.

Which group of things is part of the biosphere?

trees, cells, elephants, algae, mosses, lizards, sharks

Why is atmospheric pressure higher when air is colder and lower when air is warmer?

cold air is denser than hot air

The rising and falling air in the three convection cells in each hemisphere help to explain

patterns of wet and dry climates around the globe.

The three controls that influence climate patterns and produce varied climates around the globe are

latitude, elevation, and nearness to water.

Which statement is true?

The properties of land or water determine the temperature and humidity

What happens with conduction?

Matter particles bump into each other and transfer energy.

To predict heat waves, forecasters look for increasing temperatures and humidity within

high pressure systems stalled over a region.

In which direction does the wind appear to curve in the Northern Hemisphere due to the Coriolis effect?

The wind appears to curve clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere

Which statement about a heat wave is true?

It is a period of unusually hot and humid weather that is very dangerous.

Which statement is true about climate?

It is the long-term weather pattern for a given area on Earth.

What do moving air masses around the globe bring?

changing temperature and moisture conditions

The layers that make up the atmosphere are

The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere.

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6th Grade Final Review (2022)

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Questions 75

Answers

1
Most of the oxygen that animals, including people, need to breathe is given off by
erupting volcanoes and tsunami wave action
plants and certain organisms that perform photosynthesis
meteorites and space dust that enter the atmosphere
complex atmospheric processes that are fueled by the sun
2
Detailed weather reports may also include
wind speed, humidity, and air pressure.
a yearly climate outlook.
raw data from weather balloons, satellites, and stations.
weather conditions around the world.
3
What data does a climograph show?
average temperature and amount of precipitation of a location for each year
average humidity and wind speeds of a location for each month of the year
the day to day amounts of rain, snow, sleet, and hail in a location
the ratio of carbon dioxide levels to the amount of particulates in the air
4
An air mass is a huge volume of air that has a uniform ________ and ______at a given altitude.
weight; saturation
size; shape
color; composition
temperature; humidity
5
There is a ______________ relationship between altitude and atmospheric pressure.
cause-and-effect
absent
balanced
contradictory
6
As wind pushes air masses around the atmosphere, the varying characteristics of air masses
influence seasonal changes.
change the frequency of lightning strikes.
alter land masses by heating or cooling them.
bring changing weather.
7
Which group of things is part of the hydrosphere?
oxygen, nitrogen, helium, and pollutants
sunflowers, coral, mice, snakes, mold, humans
rivers, steam, ice cubes, ponds, fog, rain
sand, hills, ash, gravel, lava
8
A normal thunderstorm includes lightning, thunder, and rain. A severe thunderstorm includes
a mix of rain and snow
extra-large bolts of lightning and heavy claps of thunder
lightning, thunder, and rain that lasts all week.
strong winds, hail, and possible tornado
9
Hadley's model explains that air circulates around the planet through a system of
weather fronts.
channels.
convection cells.
currents.
10
Most water enters the atmosphere by the process of...
evaporation
precipitation
sublimation
condensation
11
Energy as heat always flows from
direct contact
equilibrium
hot to cold
cold to hot
12
Water enters the atmosphere as water vapor through the processes of what?
Condensation
Groundwater run-off
Precipitation
Evaporation/Transpiration
13
Wind is caused by
air moving from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure.
seasonal variations in the axial tilt of Earth as it orbits the sun
atmospheric changes involving humidity, precipitation, and temperature.
global ocean waves as they crash against the shoreline
14
Why does temperature decrease at a steady rate regardless of how high up in elevation you go?
Because there is less sunlight present in higher elevations.
Because cloud cover is heavier farther up.
Temp. is influenced by the types of vegetation at the top of the mountain.
Temperature is proportional to elevation and occurs at a specific rate.
15
Global winds are surface winds that blow in ________ around Earth.
temporary spurts
irregular patterns from breezes to gales
east to west seasonal patterns
fairly constant predictable patterns
16
The waves of sunlight most important to weather are
laser, mechanical, and magnetic.
ultraviolet light, visible light, and infrared light.
the longest waves that can reach the atmosphere.
gamma, x-ray, microwave, and radio.
17
Scientists model the Earth system by dividing it into what 4 parts?
sun, land, water, living things
air, water, surface, inner core
land, water, living things, air
air, fire, water, ice
18
Temperature and average kinetic energy are ________ because temperature decreases as average kinetic energy decreases.
proportional
exactly the same
opposite
at odds with each other
19
Half of the sunlight entering Earth's atmosphere reaches Earth's surface. What happens to the rest?
Severe Weather
It is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere
All of the above!
reflected by the atmosphere
20
the amount of water vapor the air can hold depends on the
humidity
thickness of the air
air
temperature
21
Sunlight travels in straight lines called
spears
rays
beams
rods
22
Sunlight is made of different wavelengths of energy. Shorter wavelengths
make up the bulk of all sunlight reaching the atmosphere.
are less powerful than longer wavelengths.
carry more energy than longer wavelengths.
travel less distance than longer wavelengths.
23
To stay safe during a thunderstorm, you should
move farther inland if you live near the coast
find shelter in basement or a room without windows
stay away from trees and other tall objects
board up windows in your home
24
Which phenomena describes weather conditions?
airless and dark
clear and windy
steep and rocky
flat and still
25
Different types of matter require different amounts of thermal energy
to keep their temperatures from changing.
to increase their temperature by the same amount.
to change shape and structure.
to decrease their temperature by a very small amount.
26
Which has fast-moving particles, and thus, more energy?
a large cup of milk
a frozen chunk of ice
a boiling pot of water
a rock at the bottom of a lake
27
Since weather patterns are very complex, scientists can only predict the _______ of a certain type of weather.
probability
severity
accuracy
arrival
28
Weather maps use symbols to show the location of fronts. On these maps, fronts are represented by
colored lines with triangles or half circles.
a line of repeating clouds, indicating storms.
large red and blue arrows.
a capital letter "F" in bold.
29
Changes in __________ can create very different climates for places that are close together.
population
mountain ranges
elevation
ocean waters
30
Which group of things is part of the biosphere?
lakes, oceans, clouds, rain, hail, sleet, snow, water vapor
air, invisible gases, ash, water droplets, aerosols
rocks, soil, mountains, dirt, sand, volcanoes
trees, cells, elephants, algae, mosses, lizards, sharks
31
Why is atmospheric pressure higher when air is colder and lower when air is warmer?
hot air is found at lower altitudes than cold air
cold air has less air particles than hot air
cold air can build more pressure than warm air
cold air is denser than hot air
32
The rising and falling air in the three convection cells in each hemisphere help to explain
patterns of wet and dry climates around the globe.
the difference between weather and severe weather.
the difference between hurricanes and tornadoes.
patterns of cold and hot temperatures around the globe.
33
The sun transfers energy through empty space to Earth by
convection
conduction
radiation
reflection
34
1. What type of weather causes loss of life and damage to buildings and trees?
spring weather
seasonal weather
winter weather
severe weather
35
The three controls that influence climate patterns and produce varied climates around the globe are
rain shadow effect, greenhouse gases, and monsoons.
solar flares, moon cycles, and Earth's rotation
latitude, elevation, and nearness to water.
clouds, wind, and sun.
36
The greenhouse effect warms up the atmosphere, which in turn, warms up what?
the area between Earth and the moon
deep space
clouds
Earth's surface
37
The ________ that you experience from day to day may differ from the expected climate.
length of day
cloud cover
temperature
weather
38
Which statement is true?
The properties of land or water have no effect on air masses at all.
The properties of land or water determine the temperature and humidity
Air masses form from the breakdown of severe storms over the ocean
Air masses obtain their characteristics from the upper atmosphere
39
What happens with conduction?
Matter particles continue to bump into each other until they are destroyed.
Matter particles fuse together under intense heat and pressure.
Matter particles bump into each other and transfer energy.
Matter particles bump into each other, decreasing thermal energy.
40
_____ the difference in atmospheric pressure causes wind speed to _________.
Increasing; increase
Subtracting; multiply
Eliminating; go faster
Decreasing; increase
41
To predict heat waves, forecasters look for increasing temperatures and humidity within
the upper stratosphere where it could influence weather below.
banks of clouds in the troposphere.
low pressure systems that have quickly moved into a region.
high pressure systems stalled over a region.
42
In which direction does the wind appear to curve in the Northern Hemisphere due to the Coriolis effect?
The wind appears to curve clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
The wind appears to curve clockwise in the
The wind appears
Northern Hemisphere
43
Which statement about a heat wave is true?
It is a summer storm that includes high air temperature and warm rain.
It is a period of unusually hot and humid weather that is very dangerous.
It is a period of hot, humid weather that is average for summer weather
It consists of bands of heated air that the wind moves through regions.
44
Latitude determines how much __________ any place on Earth will receive.
energy from the sun
meteor activity
cloud cover
precipitation
45
Atmospheric pressure at a given location depends on what?
cloud cover and ocean waves
weather and altitude
the size of the barometer
the time of year
46
Which statement is true about climate?
It is the long-term weather pattern for a given area on Earth.
It is occurs in 10–15 year cycles depending upon Earth's orbit.
It is a computer model used by the NWS to describe weather.
It is weather you can expect for today, but it will change tomorrow.
47
What do moving air masses around the globe bring?
shifts in the amount of daylight in certain regions
big puffy clouds
changing temperature and moisture conditions
seasonal allergies
48
_________________ increases as the density of air increases.
Air mass
Precipitation
Air pollution
Atmospheric pressure
49
Large ___________ transfer energy from the warm equator to cooler, higher latitudes.
global weather fronts
high altitude clouds
ocean waves
global convection cells
50
The temperature in climate zones generally increases going from
the ocean to the land.
the ocean to the land.
the poles to the equator.
the equator to the poles.
51
The layers that make up the atmosphere are
warm air, cold air, and ozone.
The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere.
clouds, aerosols, air particles, water, vapor, and sunlight.
the biosphere, the hydrosphere, and the geosphere.
52
If a tornado is occurring and you cannot get to a storm shelter, what should you do?
Call 911 and wait for emergency responders to evacuate you.
Seek refuge in a basement or a room away from windows or outside walls.
Find a space place in any large vehicle you can find and hang on.
Stand outside to see where the tornado is headed.
53
What causes the paths of surface winds to curve?
the Coriolis effect
the force of winds higher up in the atmosphere
the curvy path effect
the rain shadow effect
54
The hydrosphere is unevenly distributed on Earth. How much of Earth's water is found in the ocean?
97%
99.9%
51%
73%
55
The lines around the “L”s and “H”s on a weather map are called
millibars.
sidebars.
weather bars.
isobars.
56
A _________ is a region on Earth that has similar average temperatures because of latitude.
temperature zone
barometric pressure zone
climate zone
57
The wind's paths appear to curve in either clockwise or counterclockwise directions because Earth is
rotating west to east.
wobbling on its axis.
orbiting around the sun.
cooling down rapidly.
58
Hadley's global-scale circulation pattern exists because of
the uneven heating of Earth by the sun.
magnetism between the North and South poles.
the varying amounts of global precipitation.
the moon's gravitational pull on ocean tides.
59
In addition to fronts, what do weather maps also show?
percentage of cloud cover
temperature and humidity
the heating from the sun's radiation
low and high pressure systems
60
Jet streams vary from season to season and affect weather and climate by
pushing clouds across the sky.
cooling large regions.
moving air masses.
drying out areas.
61
Why does a higher absolute humidity make the air feel muggy?
Because air circulation is reduced, making the air still.
Because there is more water vapor in the air.
Because the sun's energy is reacting with vapor in the air.
Because there are more air particles in the air.
62
The Earth system is a
a large system with a few elements and parts, but many complex processes.
a large and simple system with few elements, few parts, and few processes.
a large and complex system with 15 elements, two parts, and no processes.
a large and complex system with many elements, parts, and processes.
63
Torricelli's tube of mercury was the first barometer, a tool that is used to measure
atmospheric pressure.
wind speed
rainfall.
humidity.
64
Heat Index
Temperature that the air feels like when humidity is combined with air temp
A winter storm that lasts for at least 3 hours with high winds.
Unusually not, and humid weather.
65
The particles in all matter are ___________ even when objects appear ___________.
completely still; constantly moving
moving slowly; moving rapidly
hot; frozen
constantly moving; completely still
66
the condition of the atmosphere and its phenomena in a certain place at a specific time
percipitation
atmopshere
weather
67
Climate affects what _________ occur in a given place.
rock forms
life forms
volcanoes
mountains
68
To predict heat waves, forecasters look for increasing temperatures and humidity within
low pressure systems that have quickly moved into a region.
high pressure systems stalled over a region.
the upper stratosphere where it could influence weather below.
banks of clouds in the troposphere.
69
What are the three most common states of matter on Earth?
Hard, Soft & Fluid
Solid, Liquid & Gas
E=mc2
Weight, Mass and Acceleration
70
Thermal energy is the total energy related to the motion of
clouds in the upper atmosphere
materials as they shift and settle in an object.
raindrops as they fall to the ground.
the particles in an object or material.
71
What is the movement of water through the Earth's system called?
Precipitation
Water cycle
Relative Humidity
Absolute Humidity
72
How many jet streams are there in each hemisphere?
One
Two
Ten
Four
73
In addition to its speed, how else is wind described?
by its latitudinal coordinates
by the direction from which it is blowing across Earth's surface
by its temperature, such as a cold wind or a warm wind
by the severity of its gusts
74
Convection is the transfer of energy caused by what?
the tendency to stay in one place for a very long time
the movement of particles according to the time of day
the ability to warm or cool an object slowly and thoroughly
the circulation of matter due to differences in density
75
The amount of water vapor in the air
Humidity
Hurricanes
Condensation
Monsoons

6th Grade Final Review (2022) Flashcards | StudBud