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AP Human Geo
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To study for the AP final #APHuG
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Questions
198
Answers
1
Africa experienced a period of decolonization and creation of many new states when?
1950s and 60s
1700s
1850s
Late nineteenth century
2
Skin color is a matter of what pigmentation, a protective element against strong sun.
dextrose
melanin
carotene
epithelial
3
According to the text, which of the following is considered a state?
British Columbia
Colorado
Hong Kong
France
4
Which describes the general direction that the US population center has moved since 1970?
North and East
North and West
West and South
South
5
The youngest major religion is:
Christianity
Judaism
Hinduism
Islam
6
Coffee was domesticated in Ethiopia. Today, 70% of production is in:
Middle and South America
South Asia
Southeast Asia
East Africa
7
The building of a sense of community identity around the idea of "Swedish-ness" in Kansas is:
cultural appropriation
assimilation
globalization
neolocalism
8
Which of the following states fits the morphology description of compact?
Thailand
South Africa
Chile
Poland
9
Which of the following nations is considered a stateless-nation?
Kurdish
French
Jewish
Spanish
10
Mackinder's concerns of Stalin's control led to the development of containment in the US and to
the Berlin Wall
the United Nations
friendly relationships with China
NATO
11
The linguistic map of Nigeria reflects extreme fragmentation with nearly ___ languages spoken
200
15
400
25
12
Alfred Wegner used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of:
the hydrologic cycle
continental drift
Earth rotation
relativity
13
The boundaries of rocky crustal plates are associated with:
earthquakes and volcanoes
deserts
ice caps
plains regions
14
Which economic activity is not counted in GNP calculations?
auto repair
tending to a home garden
teaching
commercial farming
15
Gross National Income does not include:
work done by rural women in less developed countries
work done by unmarried women
work done by women in maquiladoras
work done by state-employed women
16
Which geographical theme would study the impact of the drainage of the Florida Everglades?
location
movement
human-environment
place
17
The Hindu religion is one of the oldest of the religions and may have begun ___ years ago.
6,000
3,000
1,500
4,000
18
Guatemala's agricultural sector produced 22.7% of the country's GDP and employs:
22.7% of labor force
25% of labor force
10% of labor force
50% of labor force
19
Presently, most population growth in the world is occurring where?
least developed countries
more developed countries
Africa
western countries
20
Which is am example of a non-material aspect of culture?
an alter
church building
religious decoration
burning of incense
21
The boundaries of this country are being contested by the Palestinians.
Israel
Iraq
China
Serbia
22
Which commodity would be found closest to the market town in von Thunen's model?
milk
beef
firewood
wheat
23
Any political power based in the center of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate.
Wallerstein's World Systems Theory
Unilateral Theory
Mackinder's Heartland Theory
Huntington's Clash of Civilizations Thesis
24
By 1960, Mexico no longer depended on imports as production of this crop rose dramatically
corn
coffee
tomatoes
wheat
25
Fragmented states can help create which type of forces within a state?
Backwash effects
Cumulative causation
Centrifugal
Centripetal
26
The Dave Matthews Band established a ____ in VA and gained popularity through _____
record label, contagious diffusion
beachhead, word of mouth
hearth, distance decay
hearth, hierarchical diffusion
27
The most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the ______ Glaciation.
Nebraskan
Wisconsinan
Kansan
Illinoian
28
The world's largest dominantly Islamic state is:
Iran
Pakistan
Indonesia
Egypt
29
According to Carl Sauer, the earliest plant domestication __________.
was prompted by scarcity
was associated with seed crops
occurred in tropical middle America
probably involved planting root crops
30
The correct name for the rectangular language division scheme in the US after the American Rev:
Franklin's system
metes and bounds system
long-lot system
township-and-range system
31
The largest major population concentration of North America is
From Toronto to Montreal
From Washington D.C. to Boston
from San Diego to San Francisco
from Miami to Jacksonville
32
Form of villages still existing in many rural landscapes that remind of a turbulent past:
round
linear
walled
grid
33
A high dependency ratio suggests that a large percentage of the population is...
under 14 and over 65
14-64 years old
65 years or older
under 14 years old
34
Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media?
expansion diffusion
hierarchical diffusion
stimulus diffusion
relocation diffusion
35
The degree of direct linkage btw one location and other location in a transport network:
spatial interaction
landscape
movement
connectivity
36
The Second Agricultural Revolution can generally be traced to Europe within what time frame?
twelfth and thirteenth century
fourteenth and fifteenth century
nineteenth and twentieth century
seventeenth and eighteenth century
37
Which of the following is
not
an example of a form of expansion diffusion?
independent invention
hierarchial
stimulus
contagious
38
At which scale to boundary disputes occur?
Local
International
All of the above
National
39
The most prevalent rural residential pattern in the world's agricultural areas is:
spaced
dispersed
hierarchical
nucleated
40
Hutterites differ form the Amish in that they...
live in Pennsylvania
reject modern technology
accept modern technology
are Anabaptist
41
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
50
90
20
70
42
Yugoslavia was a prime example of a:
multi-state nation
stateless nation
nation-state
multi-nation state
43
In areas of shifting cultivation the population _________.
increases significantly
must be large enough to provide surplus labor
cannot have a high density
never lies in permanent settlements
44
The importance of the
spatial
approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
human activity only
history of an area
arrangement/organization of things on the surface of Earth
political impact of boundaries
45
The Proto-Indo-European language homeland lies somewhere north of the...
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
Sea of Okhotsk
Baltic Sea
46
Convergence processes that produce a pidgin language are first introduced to a population as a:
language subfamily
dialect
lingua franca
creole language
47
Which is an example of an interfaith (boundary) conflict?
Northern Ireland
Israel - Palestine
Former Yugoslavia
Nigeria
48
Which of these sub-regions recently gained more central government powers with parliament?
Ireland
Colorado
Scotland
Russia
49
The same ultraviolet radiation intercepted by darkly pigmented skin stimulates this production
E
A
D
C
50
What region of North America is most densely populated?
West Coast
Pacific Northwest
Northeast
Southeast
51
The concept that the US was ordained by God to expand across North America was:
gateway state
Manifest Destiny
Rimland Theory
complementarity
52
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of:
local custom
cultural appropriation
assimilation
cultural persistence
53
Central government with subnational entities that have representation in governmental processes
Compact
Federal
Communist
Unitary
54
The product of convergence which allows speakers of two or more languages to communicate:
lingua germanica
common language
lingua franca
standardized language
55
The visible imprint of human activity is known as:
the cultural landscape
spatial interaction
the natural landscape
the attributes of the setting
56
Two Russian scholars have established the core of the pre-porto-Indo-European language named:
Nostratic
Anatolian
Austronesian
Etruscan
57
The Spanish invaders of Middle America, centuries ago, laid out villages and towns in what form
linear
round
oval
grid
58
In villages everywhere, social stratification is reflected by:
the street pattern
the dress of the population
commercial buildings
the range and quality of village houses
59
Sikhism is a small compromise religion that arose form the confrontation between Hinduism and:
Islam
Christianity
Buddhism
British colonial officials
60
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
young adults
families
children
older adults
61
The most widely used Indo-European language today is:
English
Chinese
German
Spanish
62
Fair trade coffee buyers certify that ___% of the retail price goes to the coffee growers.
5
40
100
80
63
A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or mountains is referred to as a(n):
permeable barrier
subsequent boundary
geometric boundary
natural/physical boundary
64
Plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the:
CO2 in the atmosphere
O2 in the atmosphere
sulfur in the atmosphere
methane in the atmosphere
65
Bio-genetic engineering allows growing of new strains in more arid regions to meet demand of:
tofu/organic food
bio-diesel fuel
the cattle feed industry
grain export
66
The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is:
shamanism
Buddhism
Islam
Christianity
67
The greatest concentration of streets memorializing MLK, Jr. are found in:
the Northeast, particularly Massachusetts
the South, especially Georgia
the Midwest, especially Illinois
the West
68
Latin
octo
(eight) became Italian
otto
, Spanish
ocho
and French
huit.
This is an example of?
isogloss shift
deterioration
dialect development
sound shift
69
Japan is a hearth of global popular culture that influences North America with...
animated films
sports
fashion
foods
70
In recent years, many wooded areas in ___ have been deforested to provide beef to the US.
West Africa
East Africa
East and South Asia
Central and South America
71
Organic food is found in _____ areas.
all
semi-periphery
core
periphery
72
Life expectancy is:
number of years a person will live
number of years a person will theoretically live
average number of years a person will live at birth
average number of years a person is expected to live
73
Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population
areas away from coasts
urban areas
agricultural areas
rural areas
74
_____ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion.
Human-environment interaction
Location theory
Sense of place
Regionalization
75
The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living:
Pleistocene
Pliocene
Holocene
Miocene
76
Which is
not
an example of a primary economic activity?
forestry
lobster fishing
mining iron ore
corn flake production
77
The form of agriculture that refers to a particular climate is:
Mediterranean
dairying
shifting cultivation
livestock ranching
78
TRUE/FALSE: The study of landforms, climates and environmental change is physical geography
True
False
79
Language tree diagram of language divergence has some branches with dead ends that represent?
isolated languages
language subfamilies
standardized or non-hanging languages
extinct languages
80
Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice as:
a culture region
a cultural heritage
a cultural trait
a cultural peculiarity
81
Which of the following is the best example of a nation-state?
United Kingdom
Japan
South Africa
China
82
TRUE/FALSE: Functional regions are the product of interaction and movement
True
False
83
Which of the following is
not
generally a characteristic of an ethnic religion?
does not seek outside converts
found in a particular culture
spatially concentrated
always polytheistic
84
The Little Ice age was pieced together by farmer's diaries. Those of these were most useful.
wine growers
dairy farmers
vegetable growers
grain farmers
85
Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density?
Egypt
United States
United Kingdom
Nigeria
86
Rice cultivation in Southeast Asia is largely a _______ activity.
part-time
mechanized
commercial
subsistence
87
The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and supplies mainly:
Israel
Jordan
Lebanon
Syria
88
This type of state has a centralized government and administration that exercises equal control
Compact
Federal
Regional
Unitary
89
Corn of the American "Corn Belt" originated in:
the Fertile Crescent
West Africa
Southeast Asia
Central America
90
A group of people in a particular space who see themselves as a community and who share traits
popular culture
material culture group
local culture
folk
91
All of the following tend to be centripetal forces within a country
except
:
military
common language
regionalism
education system
92
The ____ of a group of people included the things they construct.
folk culture
non-material culture
material culture
pop culture
93
In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, for a judge to be appointed to the country's courts:
they had to wear sandals
they had to have a beard
they had to wear a veil
they had to wear a turban
94
Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?
statistical
formal
graphical
functional
95
Humans do not populate in large numbers to
areas that are too cold
areas that are too wet
all of the above
areas too high in elevation
96
Branch of geography that focuses on landforms, climate, soils and vegetation of the Earth is:
human geography
physical geography
biogeography
cultural geography
97
Most scholars believe that seed cultivation (!st Agricultural Revolution) occurred in:
the Fertile Crescent
tropical Africa
the Nile Valley
Asia
98
The greater the distance from the hearth, the less likely an innovation will be adopted
inverse innovation rule
distance decay
adoption avoidance
cultural repulsion
99
Geographer Lee Liu found soils in intensively used fields near villages were:
not used
polluted
fertile and productive
overused and of poor fertility
100
Which region of the US do geometric boundaries predominate?
Southeast
Midwest
Hawaii
Northeast
101
In order to replace its population only, a country needs a total fertility rate of...
3.5
3.0
1.2
2.1
102
The US is the most prolific producer of solid waste, producing about __ lbs per person per day.
4.5
7.3
3.5
1.5
103
_____ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous populationand typically rural
folk
popular
material
local
104
Is is estimated that ___% of the Sub-Saharan realm's food is produced by females.
70
20
10
50
105
Race is:
socially constructed
the same as culture
biologically based
composed of three major skin color groups
106
Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of ____ into the atmosphere.
volcanic ash
methane
chlorofluorocarbons
CO2
107
The largest source of international immigrants to the US is from:
Mexico
India
Canada
China
108
When a husband migrates from Mexico to US and earns money to allow for his family to migrate
forced migration
distance decay
chain migration
internal migration
109
Presently, natural increase in population is primarily due to...
a decrease in death rate
a decrease in birth rate
an increase in birth rate
an increase in death rate
110
Following the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the only surviving superpower was:
China
Great Britain
France
US
111
The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:
contagious diffusion
reloaction diffusion
stimulus diffusion
independent infection
112
___ of internet content is in English.
27%
82%
68%
12%
113
The Peace of Westphalia ________
marked the beginning of the modern state of Europe
created West Germany after WWII
created modern Pakistan after the British withdrawal
ended WWI
114
Buddhism has its source in:
Thailand
China
India
Japan
115
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called a/an:
sound shift
cultural boundary
international border
isogloss
116
The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in:
mid-latitude regions
subtropical regions
high latitudes
equatorial and tropical areas
117
The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which is
not
one?
soil erosion
climatic change
depletion of ozone layer
loss of biodiversity
118
Taro, yams and bananas are associated with the ______ hearth, according to Spencer and Thomas.
Ethiopia-East Asian
Southeast Asian
Meso-American
Southwest Asian
119
This 20th century communist empire controlled many weaker satellite states in Eastern Europe.
Turkey
China
Germany
Soviet Union
120
Select the group that is not a supranational organization.
CIA
EU
OPEC
UN
121
The concept that which population will continue to grow even after fertility rates decline
rate of natural increase
demographic transition
demographic momentum
homeostatic plateau
122
An example of a country with a population pyramid that has a large base is...
United States
Nigeria
Japan
Germany
123
The fundamental doctrine of the Hindu faith is :
a violent ideology
a detailed book of scripture
karma
monotheism
124
Nigeria has federal system of government in which they adopted the ___ law in the Muslim North.
British Common
Nigerian Federal
Sharia
local tribal
125
The largest constituency of Christianity is:
Eastern Orthodox
Coptic
Protestant
Roman Catholicism
126
Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) was perhaps the first prominent Indian religious leader to:
acknowledge sacred animals, such as cattle
speak out against the Hindu caste system
reject the eating of meat
accept Karma
127
The linking of places by common traits or characteristics is defined as:
region
location
place
area
128
One element of the conflict in Sri Lanka is differences of these two religions:
Christianity and tribal
Islam and Jewish
Islam and Christianity
Buddhism and Hindu
129
Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to _______ more than any other factor.
population numbers
proximity to resources
technology
rate of population growth
130
The concept of culture is closely identified with:
psychology
anthropology
sociology
archaeology
131
The most dangerous volcano, _________, erupted about 73,500 years ago.
Toba
Tambora
Santorini
St. Helen's
132
It is estimated that _____ of the world's population is seriously malnourished.
1/2
1/10th
1/20th
1/7th
133
The four major population clusters in the world include the following regions except...
South America
East Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
134
TRUE/FALSE: Details of the distribution of wealth in the US features typical at global scale
False
True
135
Demand for organic foods is greatest in:
periphery regions
semi-periphery regions
spread equally among all regions
core regions
136
Uneven distribution of wealth and political power after colonialism was due to wealth in:
Europe and North America
Asia
Europe
North America
137
In 2001, reports indicated that as many as ___ women may have been victims of dowry deaths.
7,000
1,000
0
100
138
Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its own territory?
Mexicans
Palestinians
British
English
139
Which of the following is considered a sovereign state?
Antarctica
Hong Kong
Alaska
India
140
The "lost city" located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
the commodification of nature
an authentic landscape
an ethnic enclave
modernization
141
The text focuses on 1 local culture in its attempts to lessen the influence of foreign culture
S. Korea
France
Zimbabwe
US
142
The arithmetic population density of the US is _____ per square mile.
31
1046
82
347
143
TRUE/FALSE: Cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change as a result of diffusion
True
False
144
Environmental determinism was replaced be which approach to geography in the late 20th century?
distribution approach
possiblist approach
hierarchical approach
vernacular approach
145
The presence of centrifugal forces within a country has led to diffusion of power called:
autocratic
acculturation
imperialism
devolution
146
Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is:
push factors
pull factors
place utility factors
economic indicator factors
147
In political geography, these forces tend to disrupt and threaten the unity of a state.
Common values
Centrifugal
Centripetal
Homogeneity
148
The phenomenon that the farther a feature moves from a hearth, the less dominant it is
sequent occupance
central place
concentric circle
distance decay
149
NAFTA is a supranationalistic organization which attempted to create a free trade zone where?
North Atlantic
New Zealand and Australia
North America
North Africa
150
The systematic study of the origin and meaning of place names is called:
namology
lexicography
toponymy
deep reconstruction
151
By 1992, the most widely grown crop was a product of the Green Revolution, IR36, a type of:
wheat
potatoes
maize
rice
152
The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in...
Middle East
Latin America
China
Sub-Saharan Africa
153
Which of the following US regional associations is
incorrect
?
New England - Catholic
Upper Midwest - Lutheran
South - Baptist
Southwest - Mormon
154
Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and longitude and not existing physical features?
Antecedent boundary
Geometric boundary
Subsequent boundary
Natural boundary
155
When places are "designed" either for women or then they are said to be:
sex zones
gendered
restricted areas
social spaces
156
Map in which data are assigned to class intervals and colors/patterns to distinguish magnitude:
dot distribution map
cartogram
choropleth map
topographic map
157
The basic unit of the township-and-range system, the section, has an area of:
1 square mile
36 square miles
160 acres
1 acre
158
A tsunami's waves result from:
periodic floods
high storm winds called "tsunamis"
earthquake displacement of the seafloor
tidal conditions
159
Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the US and Canada were:
protective practices
assimilating practices
eradicating practices
segregating practices
160
Hawaii and Louisiana are examples of states with...
official "English only" policies
official bilingual policies
no linguistic variation
no official language policies
161
The Hajj, one of the "pillars of Islam" is:
the veil worn by Muslim women
fasting during the holy month
the pilgrimage to Mecca
charitable giving
162
What is the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans?
Atlanta, Georgia
Seattle, Washington
Birmingham, Alabama
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
163
The rise of secularism and decline of religious membership are found in:
Southwest Asia
Europe
Southeast Asia
Africa
164
This sub field of geography studies political, economic and strategic significance
Linguistics
Anthropology
Econometrics
Geopolitics
165
Spread of ideas, traits, knowledge and skills from place of origin to areas where adopted
diffusion
cultural repulsion
adjustment
166
The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is:
referenced location
grid plan
relative location
absolute location
167
Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types of climates, resources and peoples?
Compact
Elongated
Fragmented
Prorupt
168
The naming of sports stadiums and other facilities for corporations is an example of:
memorial toponyms
commodification
post-modern toponyms
hubris
169
In von Thunen's model there was a concentric circle of forest around the city because _______.
it would contain the growth of the city
it would filter out pollution
it would provide lumber and firewood
it provided a recreational area
170
Roman Catholic Christianity was spread to Middle and South American by:
Italy
England
Portugal
Spain
171
A form of tropical subsistence agriculture in which fields are rotated after short periods:
subsistence rice cultivation
shifting cultivation
subsistence wheat cultivation
nomadic herding
172
In which area of the world are countries in stage one of the demographic transition model found
South America
North America
Northern Europe
West and Southern Africa
173
The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
neighborhood
activity spaces
region
inner world
174
The
Confucian Classics
were the 13 texts that were the focus of education 2,000 years ago in:
Afghanistan
India
China
Japan
175
The ratio of percent labor force to percent of GDP in the agricultural sector of Canada means?
the agricultural sector is machine intensive
the agricultural sector is small scale intensive
the agricultural sector is subsistence intensive
the agricultural sector is labor intensive
176
Geomancers, those who know the desires of the spirits of those occupying the natural world are:
associated with karma
associated with monotheism
associated with Lamaism
associated with feng-shui
177
Which region has a high percentage of geometric boundaries to separate states?
South America
Europe
North Africa
Southeast Asia
178
Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density?
Canada
Brazil
United Kingdom
United States
179
Examples of luxury crops include:
cacao and corn
tobacco and potatoes
tea and sugar
coffee and tobacco
180
TRUE/FALSE: Cholera outbreaks have not occurred in the Twentieth Century
False
True
181
The boundaries between which set of countries were established primarily to separate religions?
Mexico and the US
India and Pakistan
Libya and Chad
France and Germany
182
Political boundaries that most poorly represent the linguistic boundaries are of this region:
East Asia
North America
Africa
South America
183
Which of the following agricultural activities is widespread in the NE US and NW Europe?
sugar beet production
citrus production
cotton growing
dairying
184
Jerusalem is a sacred place for:
Muslims
Jews
All of the above
Christians
185
The coordinates of absolute location are useful mainly in determining exact:
distance
elevations
distance and directions
directions
186
The language most widely used as a 2nd language by millions of Indians, Africans, etc.:
French
Spanish
English
Arabic
187
In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York and Milan are referred to as...
world cities
local cultures
capitals
hearths
188
During the Cold War era, which two countries balanced the power of one another?
US/Soviet Union
United Kingdom/France
Pakistan/India
Spain/Portugal
189
Which of the following would not be part of the cultural landscape?
rainfall
livestock
barns
fences
190
Friedrich Ratzel's organic theory identified ______ as a state's essential living force.
space
population
mobility
strong military
191
Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence
European colonists of America moving West in search for gold
Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere
192
The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
relative location
absolute location
site
index of placeness
193
Field of study that considers the rolled of politics in shaping human environmental interaction
Political-ecology
politics
danger
economics
194
Zoroastrianism is similar to Islam and Christianity in that it is...
monotheistic
polytheistic
a world religion
a missionary religion
195
The Kyoto Protocol:
addresses US-Japan trade imbalances
addresses global climate change
addresses Japan-European trade imbalances
addresses Asian deforestation
196
The fact that trends in popular culture proceed from large global centers to smaller cities is:
hierarchical diffusion
diffusion
migration
relative location
197
The ideology of Zionism has as its goal:
the elimination of the Orthodox division within the faith
the merger of the three modern divisions of Judaism
a homeland for the Jewish people
the merger of Judaism with other religions
198
Barrio
is the Spanish term for:
boundary
neighborhood
a small donkey
socio-economic barriers to advancement