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Unit 6 Vocabulary: Urban Patterns Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 6 Vocabulary: Urban Patterns
Unit 6 Vocabulary: Urban Patterns
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1
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)
its core and close economic ties throughout the area
a geographical region with a relatively high population density at
2
New Urbanism
create a sustainable, human-scaled environment where
residents can live healthy, active lives
3
zones of disamenity (disamenity zone/Sector)
to city services (amenities) and are
the poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected
controlled by gangs and drugs (Favellas in Rio
4
Public Housing
Housing owned by the government; in the United States, it is rented to low
income residents and rents are set at 30 percent of the families' incomes.
5
Residential Suburbs
There is houses in a residential area
A residential area contains houses rather than offices or factories.
6
Gentrification
It is commonly associated with rising property values in previously
urban renewal that leads to the displacement of the occupying demographic
low-income urban areas, which may force current residents to move away.
7
Brownfields
complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous
substance, pollutant, or contaminant.
property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be
8
Industrial Suburbs
communities may be established as tax havens or as places
community, near a large city, with an industrial economy. These
where zoning promotes industry, or they may be industrial towns
that become suburbs by the urban sprawl of the nearby big city.
9
Megacities
a city that has a very large, and growing, population They are
of immigration.
characterized by high natutral population growth, as well as high rates
10
Central Place Theory (Christaller)
which is surrounded by a series of smaller cities, towns, and hamlets.
states that in any given region there can only be one large central city,
11
Urban Renewal
involving the clearance of slums
the redevelopment of areas within a large city, typically
12
Sustainable Design Initiatives
improving building performance. enhance indoor environmental quality
and the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby
seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment,
13
Local Economic Development
encourages local people to work together to achieve sustainable economic
growth and development thereby bringing economic benefits and improved
an approach towards economic development which allows and
quality of life for all residents in a local municipal area.
14
Outlying Business District
These are frequently manufacturing facilities or other heavy industry
It is an area removed from the center of a city, for business activities
OBD is in dark pink
15
Exurbs
Exurb
a district outside a city, especially a prosperous area beyond the suburbs.
16
Density Gradient
The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery.
Density Gradient
17
Concentric Zone
originating with a central business district
cities as a series of five circular rings or zones
An urban development model based on human ecology theory that views
18
World Cities (alpha)
world
is a city which is a primary node in the global economic network.
19
Commuter Zone
and take a daily commute in the CBD to work.
represents people who choose to live in residential suburbia
Yellow is Commuter Zone
20
Census tract
Area delineated by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for which statistics are
published in urban areas, census tracks correspond roughly to neighborhoods
21
Urban hierarchy
according to their size and economic functions. Colonial City.
city established by colonizing empires as administrative centers
ranking of settlements (hamlet, village, town, city, metropolis)
22
Urban Morphology
of urban places city conglomeration of people and buildings
clustered together to serve as a center of politics, culture, and economics
the study of the physical form and structure
23
Greenbelts & Green Spaces
a policy or land use designation used in land use planning.
open space reserve, protected areas of an undeveloped landscape.
24
Threshold and Range
the larger the service, the more distance might be traveled for it.
circle to describe
25
Central City
or original city is surrounded by newer suburbs.
the urban area that is not suburban; generally, the older
26
Zone of Maturity
located around the CBD is considered an inner city location. These areas
residents moved out of the inner city into the elite residential sector.
these areas have middle-income residents who filtered in after the upper cl
have better-constructed homes and in many cities,
27
Urbanized area
geographical area constituting a city or town
city
28
Urban blight/decay
functioning city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude.
the sociological process by which a previously
29
[The] underclass
The segment of the population that occupies the lowest
possible position in a class hierarchy, below the core body of the
working class.
30
Edge city
An edge city is an urban area with a large suburban residential and
the business area surrounding it these areas are tied together by a beltway
31
Zone in Transition
in the concentric zone model of urban structure devise
the area between the factory zone and the working-class zone
32
Mixed-land-use zoning
a land development containing two or more major types of uses typically
including residential, commercial, office, and institutional),
each of which should attract a significant market share in its own right
33
Sustainability Practices (cities)
maintains a condition without harming the environment.
something that can be continued or a practice that
34
Primate city (Urban Primacy)
central place in an urban or city network that has
acquired or obtained a great level of dominance.
35
Squatter Settlements/Shantytowns
typical shanty town is squatted and in the beginning lacks adequate
shacks, typically made of materials such as mud and wood. A
a settlement of improvised buildings known as shanties or
infrastructure including proper sanitation safe water supply electricity
36
Suburbanization
The process of population movement from within towns and
cities to the rural-urban fringe. counter urbanization. Net
migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries.
37
Bosnywash
Washington and including New York City, Philadelphia, and Baltimore
The heavily populated area extending from Boston to
38
Commercial Suburb
office complexes, shopping malls, service stations, and restaurants.
real estate intended for use by for-profit businesses, such as
39
Spatial Margin of Profitability
It defines the spatial boundary within which a company can be profitable.
a line that separates the profitable spaces from the unprofitable spaces.
40
Urban sprawl
expansion of poorly planned, low-density, auto-dependent
land putting long distances between homes stores, work and creating a high
between residential commercial uses with harmful impacts
development, which spreads out over large amounts of segregation
41
Rank-Size Rule
if the settlements in a country are ranked by population size, the
the size of the largest settlement.
population of a settlement ranked n will be 1/nth of
42
Galactic City Model
circular city model that has become popular with post-industrial cities.
Galactic model
43
Smart Growth Policies (cities)
a mix of residential and commercial buildings, and accessible sidewalks,
cities and towns have well-defined boundaries, a range of housing options
bike lanes and public
transportation They focus on vibrant competitive and livable urban cores
44
Ghettoization
process of many inner cities in which they become a dilapidated center of
interconnected together control theglobal systems of finance and commerce
economic, cultural and political activity that is strongly
poverty, as rich whites move out to the suburbs. global cities. centers of
45
Infrastructure
Transportation
physical systems of a business, region, or nation.
46
Zone of Abandonment
reasons the lack of desirable features in a place or city.
areas that have been deserted in a city for economic or environmental
47
Central Business District
The downtown or nucleus of a city where retail stores,
are usually quite high; and transportation systems converge.
offices and cultural activities are concentrated; building densities
48
Historic Preservation & Landmarks
historic preservation adds to the quality of life making for a
more livable community
Indiana landmarks
a link to the roots of the community and its people. Overall
49
Zone of In Situ Accretion
the zone of maturity and the zone of peripheral squatter
settlements. The homes are of modest qualities that vary
a transitional area for Latin American cities that is between
widely in size, type, and quality of materials.
50
Slow-Growth Cities
cities that don't develop or grow as fast as others
Fastest vs Slowest cities
51
Megalopolis/Conurbation
a large and densely populated city or group of towns that
make up an urban complex
52
Boomburbs
Many houses being closely built
Rapidly growing suburban cities
53
Blockbusting
owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black
A process by which real estate agents convince white property
families will soon move into the neighborhood.
54
Public Transportation
buses, trains, subways, and other forms of transportation that
charge set fares, run on fixed routes, and are available to the public.
55
Inclusionary Zoning
municipal and county planning ordinances that require a given share
of new construction to be affordable by people with low to moderate incomes
56
Urbanization
the process by which large numbers of people become permanently
concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities
57
Filtering (housing)
older housing stock for lower-income people.
the idea that, as new market-rate housing is built,
higher-income people move into it, leaving behind
housing changes prices over time.
58
Zoning Ordinances
rule that defines how property in specific geographic zones can be used
may also regulate lot size placement density, and the height of structures.
Zoning ordinances detail whether specific geographic zones are
acceptable for residential or commercial purposes. It
59
Social heterogeneity (in cities)
numerous population groups have specific and distinct values and
shared meanings make up the society.
understandings. In a heterogeneous society many sets of
60
public (civic) spaces
Connecting spaces, such as sidewalks and streets, are also public spaces.
These are public gathering spaces such as plazas squares and parks
an area or place that is open and accessible to all
peoples regardless of gender race ethnicity, age or socio-economic level.
