stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Biology Spring Final Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Biology Spring Final
Biology Spring Final
57 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
463 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
57 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
57
Answers
1
If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis:
some gametes may have an extra copy of some genes.
only two gametes may form intead of four.
the gamete cannot join another to form an organism.
the gametes redistribute chromosomes after meiosis.
2
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that reads CCTGAG produces a strand with the bases:
GGACUC
GGACTC
CCTGAG
GGUCAC
3
Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown below?
grass, rabbit, mountain lion, fox
mountain lion, snake, hawk, fox
grass, caterpillar, robin, fox
tree, deer, mountain lion, rabbit
4
If a mutation introduces a different trait, which factor will determine if the frequency of the allele will increase?
whether the mutation was caused by nature or by human intervention
how many other allels are present
how many phenotypes the population has
whether the new trait is an advantage
5
In this figure, which enzyme is adding base pairs to the strand?
nucleosomes
chromatin
DNA polymerase
histones
6
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to:
mitochondria
chloroplasts.
cytoplasm.
nuclei.
7
Trace the transfer of information in most organisms.
protein to DNA to RNA
RNA to protein to DNA
DNA to RNA to protein
RNA to DNA to protein
8
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation of:
intermediate fossil forms.
vestigial structures.
analogous structures.
homologous structures.
9
A lion stalks, kills, then eats an antelope. Based on its behavior, which pair of ecological terms describes the lion?
producer, heterotroph
carnivore, consumer
herbivore, decomposer
autotroph, herbivore
10
Which statement about the successful members of a population is consistent with the theory of evolution?
They transmit characteristics acquired by use and disuse.
They tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the population.
They are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment.
They will perpetuate unfavorable changes in the species.
11
For this sex-linked pedigree, what is true about the mother represented by circle 6?
She has no alleles for the disorder.
She has two alleles for the disorder.
She has one allele for the disorder
She has the genotype XXY.
12
Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?
concentration of oxygen in the ecosystem
type of soil in the ecosystem
average temperture of the ecosystem
number and kind of predators in the ecosystem
13
The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because:
nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles.
energy forms chemcial compounds, and nutrients are lost as heat.
energy is limited in the biosphere, and nutrients are always available.
energy flows in one direction and nutrients cycle
14
A trait with one gene and two alleles with simple dominance will result in:
four phenotypes.
one phenotype.
two phenotypes.
millions of phenotypes.
15
Natural Selection acts directly on:
phenotypes.
mutations.
genes.
alleles.
16
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules:
one with two new stands and the other with two original strands.
each with two new strands.
each with two original strands.
each with one new strand and one original strand.
17
What happens during translation?
DNA molecule is copied.
An mRNA strand is formed in the nucleus.
A protein is assembled in the nucleus.
A protein is assembled in the cytoplasm.
18
Watson and Crick discovered that the two strands in DNA:
run in opposite directions.
run in the same direction.
run in perpendicular directions.
run in random directions.
19
During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the:
anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA.
anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA
codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA.
codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the rRNA
20
In what way is DNA like a book?
DNA has information that is periodically updated.
DNA has information organized with a kind of index.
DNA has stored information, that can be copied and passed on.
DNA has information wrapped in an identifying cover.
21
According to this decoder chart, which code specifies the same amino acid as CUU?
UCC
GAA
UUA
AUU
22
Using the decoder ring, what does UAG code for?
Stop Codon
Tryptophan (TRP)
Leucine (LEU)
start codon (MET)
23
Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?
Traits like hemophilia that are carreid on the X chromosome.
A cross between a red flower and a white flower produces pink flowers.
A black chicken mated with a white chicken produces a "blue" chicken.
Traits that are controlled by more than one gene like height, IQ, eye color
24
Which of the following does not support Darwin's theory of evolution?
Species can become extinct.
Inherited traits are passed from parent to offspring.
Species descend from common ancestors.
Evolution takes place in the natural world.
25
A human male inherits:
all of the same genes that a human female inherits
two copies of every gene located on the X chromosome.
twice as many sex chromosomes as a human female inherits.
one copy of every gene located on the Y chromosome.
26
What's the difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation?
Chromosomal mutations are more likely to be passed on to offspring.
Chromosomal mutations can change the number of chromosomes in a cell.
Gene mutations can involved an insertion, but cannot result in a frameshift
Gene mutations affect the DNA of more genes than a chromosomal mutation.
27
How many nucleotides are found in 4 codons?
9
6
12
3
28
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of:
adenine is much greater than thymine
thymine is about equal to adenine.
cytosine is greater than guanine
adenine is about equal to guanine
29
Hemophilia is more common in males than in females because the allele for hemophilia is:
dominant and located on the Y chromosome.
recessive and located on the X chromosome.
dominant and located on the X chromosome.
recessive and located on the Y chromosome.
30
When humans selectively breed organisms, they take advantage of:
recombination plasmids with foreign DNA.
the natural variations that exist among individuals.
drugs and radiation that can cause new mutations to arise.
the ideal traits produced by genetic engineering.
31
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a parent whose genotype was GGRr?
2
8
4
16
32
If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, which is true of the parents?
Both parents are short.
Both parents are tall.
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
33
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight. What is the gas?
oxygen
methane
glucose
carbon dioxide
34
In a group of lizards, the red skin allele frequency declines from 40 to 20. What does this say about the population?
The population is expanding.
The population is not evolving.
The population is evolving.
The population is decreasing.
35
Sea otters live in the ocean. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a limiting factor on the sea otter population?
drought
disease
predation
competition
36
Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born:
with three X chromosomes.
with four X chromosomes.
without an X chromosome.
with one X chromosome.
37
If an organism's diploid number is 44, its haploid number is:
11
22
88
44
38
If heterozygous is crossed with homozygous recessive, what is the chance that the offspring will be dominant?
50%
100%
25%
75%
39
If a woman with blood type O and a man with blood type B produce an offspring, what might be the offspring's blood type?
AB or O
A, B, AB, or O
B,or O
A, B, or O
40
Which of the following is molecular evidence supporting evolution?
the nearly universal genetic code
the transmission of acquired characteristics by DNA
the presence of vestigial structures
a tendency toward perfect, unchanging DNA in various species
41
How are members of a species defined?
They are temporarily isolated from each other.
They are geographically isolated from each other.
They mate and produce fertile offspring.
They have identical genes.
42
Which nucleotides(s) in this figure indicates the nucleic acid is RNA?
cytosine
adenine
uracil
guanine
43
In a certain bird population of 100 individuals, 20 of them suddenly choose to move away. What changed the gene pool?
emigration
natural selection
immigration
nonrandom mating
44
Geographic isolation of two populations of a species tends to increase differences between their gene pools because it:
prevents interbreeding between the populations.
increases differences in courtship behavior.
prevents interbreeding within each population.
causes temporal isolation of the two populations.
45
Darwin's theory of evolution states that those who survive are best suited to their environment. This survival is due to
choices made by plant and animal breeders.
adaptations developed through use or disuse.
lack of competition within a species (intraspecies)
inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
46
Which type of RNA brings the amino acid to the site of protein synthesis?
RNA polymerase
tRNA
mRNA
rRNA
47
One end of this graph shows an increase in average beak size for a population of birds. What type of selection is this?
genetic drift
stabilizing selection
directional selection
disruptive selection
48
From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?
tRNA
rRNA
proteins
DNA
49
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + adenine
adenine + phosphate group + thymine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase
cytosine + phosphate grouyp + guanine
50
There are 64 possible codons and only 20 amino acid. Which of the following is true?
Each codon specifies a different amino acid.
Some amino acids have no link to a codon.
Several different codons can specify the same amino acid.
Each amino acid is specified by only one codon.
51
The pelvis and femur are both involved with walking for humans. In whales, the pelvis and femur bones are:
vestigial structures.
examples of fossils.
acquired traits.
examples of natural variation
52
10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next. Energy is used for life processes, what happens to the rest?
lost as heat
stored as body tissue
used in reproduction
stored as body fat
53
Which of the following is an exampe of codominance?
A black chicken mated with a white chicken produces a "blue" chicken.
Traits that are controlled by more than one gene like height, IQ, eye color
A cross between a red flower and a white flower produces pink flowers.
Traits like hemophilia that are carreid on the X chromosome.
54
DNA makes a good molecule for storing information because:
it can absorb UV light, so DNA can help protect cells from radiation.
it is a type of nuclei acid; an important part of the information storage.
its bases can be joined in any order.
each nucleotide within a DNA strand can give a cell different information.
55
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, DNA replication happens:
around the histones.
only to telomeres.
in the nucleus.
before cell division.
56
The algae at the beginning of this food chain are:
primary consumers.
decomposers.
primary producers.
heterotrophs.
57
In this figure, what nucleotide is going to be added at point 1, opposite from thymine?
thymine
adenine
cytosine
guanine
