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Earth Science Chapter 3 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Chapter 3
Earth Science Chapter 3
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1
Where might you find mountains of metamorphic rock?
At the boundaries between tectonic plates
Buried under bodies of water
Near volcanoes
Near any landscape that has been eroded
2
This rock may be formed from lava.
metamorphic
sedimentary
igneous
3
Slow cooling of magma leads to what?
large crystals
small crystals
diamonds
holes
4
What type of rock is this?
metamorphic rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
5
When looking at sedimentary rock layers, where are the oldest layers located?
around the sides
in the middle
at the bottom
at the top
6
Where on Earth does the formation of metamorphic rock occur?
Bottom of a river
At subduction zones, deep underground
In a volcano
At scale zones, above ground
7
The rock cycle never stops
True
False
8
The rock cycle includes the following processes:
All of the above.
weathering, erosion, heat and pressure.
cooling and melting.
cementation.
9
Define: Rock Cycle
A process that quickly change rocks from one kind to another
Happens to only chemical rocks
Only happens to igneous rocks
A process that slowly change rocks from one kind to another
10
Metamorphic Rocks Form When...
When New Crystals are Formed
Minerals get Pressed and Cemented Together
Magma or Lava Cools and Hardens to Become Solid
Temperature, Pressure or Chemical Processes Change Existing Rock
11
Define sedimentary rock
formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments
formed from intense heat and pressure
formed from extremely hot groundwater
12
The term metamorphic means?
To change clothes
To change
To move
To change form
13
Nonfoliated rocks
have layers
have very narrow layering
have stripes
have no layers
14
What is weathering?
Erosion
the process in which rocks are broken into smaller pieces
A supernatural process
Sediment
15
5 agents of erosion
Water• Wind• Waves• Gravity• Ice
Water• Wind• Waves• Fire• Ice
Water• Wind• Waves• Rivers
Water• Wind• Waves• Space dust• Ice
16
what are the three basic type of rocks
basalt,granite,uranium
evaporation,condensation,suplimation
lava,ocean,fire
sedimentary,igneous,metamorphic
17
Define metamorphic rock
formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments
formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
formed from intense heat and pressure
formed from evaportaion
18
Where do sediments come from?
sediment is transported and deposited all over the Earth
rock weathering produces sediment
there have always been sediments on Earth
sediments accumulated as dust fell to Earth from outer space
19
In order for metamorphic rock to become igneous rock it must....
melt slowly
melt, then cool and harden
be broken down into small pieces
cool and harden, then melt
20
What is magma?
molten rock inside earth
cooled magma
earths surface
molten magma inside earth
21
What energy source is used to form igneous and metamorphic rock?
Earth's Interior
Wind
The sun
Moving Water
22
What are all rocks made of?
Sand
Minerals
Organic matter
Fossils
23
What type of rock is this?
sedimentary rock
igneous rock
metamorphic rock
24
Sedimentary rocks...
are formed with compaction and cementation
are named because they "ignite"
do not erode
are formed from magma melting
25
This rock may be formed from magma that hardens.
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
26
What is cementation?
wearing away of rock due to wind, water, or ice
built up over time and pressed down on the layers below
sediments from erosion travel ways/left in different place
minerals dissolved in water/ starts to crystallized
27
Igneous rocks are classified as ___
clastic and bioclastic
foliated and nonfoliated
organic and chemical
intrusive and extrusive
28
What type of rock is formed after melting in or near a volcano and cooling.
Igneous
Sandstone
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
29
What is compaction
what happens when something is crushed or compressed
deform, pulverize, or force inwards by compressing forcefully.
Compaction
Bad for the enviroment
30
What is foliated?
the thin, flat layering found in most metamorphic rocks
the thin, flat layering found in most igneous rocks
the thin, flat layering found in most sedimentary rocks
31
Rapid or quick cooling leads to _______
coarse grained, smooth rocks
fine grained, smooth rocks
fine grained, jagged rocks
coarse grained, jagged rocks
32
How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?
From living things
Weathering & erosion
Heat & pressure
Evaporation of water
33
What is clastic sedimentary rocks
Pepples being pressed together creating one rock
Sedimentary rocks made from different types of sediment
All of these
None of these
34
Sedimentary rocks are made up from clay, silt, shells and other rocks.
False
True
35
What is lava
Magma on Earth‘s Surface
Magma underground
36
How does sedimentary rock change to metamorphic rock
Melting and cooling
Heat and pressure
Erosion and deposition
Weathering
37
The rock cycle is driven internally by heat from Earth's interior and externally by energy from the sun.
False
True
38
Where do extrusive igneous rocks form?
In Earth's core
In a volcano
In Earth's mantle
On Earth's surface
