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AP Gov Test MONSTER Review
AP Gov Test MONSTER Review
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A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment
Flashcards
338 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
An incumbent
is running for re-election
is seeking office for the first time
has a hareder time raising money
has a 50% chance of being successful.
2
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
6 months
3 years
1 year
2 years
3
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
House
Neither
Both
Senate
4
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
Nixon's New Federalismj
devolution
extradition
nullification
5
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
6
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Griswold v. Connecticut
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reynolds v. United States
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
7
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
increased staff
expanded budget authority
seniority in committee assignments
support from interest groups
8
Over time, national party conventions have become less
attended
fun
predictable
contentious
9
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
entitlements
tax loopholes
deficit spending
tax indexing
10
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
15th
13th
14th
12th
11
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
hispanics
women
asians
migrant workers
12
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
trustee
division of labor
politico
instructed delegate
13
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Texas v. Johnson
Fisher v.University of Texas
Snyder v. Phelps
14
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
religion
age
race
gender
15
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The McKinley Act
Hatch Act
Pendleton Act
The Stalwart Law
16
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
February
December
March
January
17
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Munn v. Illinois
Gibbons v. Ogden
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Sweatt v. Paint
18
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
19
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between a state and a country
capital punishment cases
between 2 or more states
between the US and states
20
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
They coordinate closely with their candidate
their donors can remain anonymous
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
they tend to support incumbents
21
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
22
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
23
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
inherent powers
judicial activism
free exercise
original intent
24
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
Supreme and District
Supreme and Appeals
District only
District and Appeals
25
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
impossible
through consesnsus
slow and deliberate
speedy and swift
26
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
27
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
28
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Democrat
Republican
29
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Gregg v. Georgia
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
30
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Geneva Convention
The Enduring Freedom Act
The Patriot Act
The War Powers Resolution
31
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
trustee model
agency model
politico model
instructed delegate model
32
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Griswold v. Connecticut
33
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
interview
beat
leak
scandal
34
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Leaking information to the press
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Electioneering during work hours
35
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
cable television
the internet
satellite tv
netflix
36
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Fletcher v. Peck
Giibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
Dartmouth v. Woodward
37
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the circuit courts
the Supreme Court
the district courts
38
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
waging war
executive agreements
appointing ambassadors
diplomatic recognition
39
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of sufficiency
40
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
41
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Gideon v. Wainwright
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Griswold v. Connecticut
42
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
extradition
de facto prosecution
ex post facto law
bill of attainder
43
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political parties today?
information management and mobilization
polling and policy positions
patronage
converting voters
44
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
45
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
passing a flat tax
returning budget initiation to Congress
a deficit tied to the GDP
a balanced budget
46
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Craig v. Boren
harris v. Forklift Systems
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. North Carolina
47
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
flat
circular
solar
wheel and spoke
48
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must be unaninmous
49
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
blacks
immigrants
native americans
migrant workers
50
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
51
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
52
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put their constituents before their party
none of the above
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
53
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being nominated
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
54
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
55
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
free exercise
the filibuster
the nuclear option
sequestration
56
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article II
Article IV
Article I
Article III
57
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
medicare
defense
education
foreign aid
58
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
59
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Gitlow v. New York
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
60
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
voting
running for office
petitioning
protest
61
What law requires employers to reasonably accommodate people with disabilities?
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
62
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Whig
Republican
Dixiecrat
Democratic
63
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
negotiate treaties
to tax
to regulate interstate trade
to create courts
64
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They have the most expansive powers.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They know a little about many subjects.
65
What case established that broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
Miller v, California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
66
When does a federal judge leave office?
After 10 years
After 5 years
after a no confidence vote
when they choose or die
67
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
eliminated the public funding option
required reporting of PAC contributions
68
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Protect America Act
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Freedom Act
69
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
character ratings
economic indicators
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
foreign policy achievements
70
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
25th
22nd
23rd
24th
71
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
interest groups
the President
legilslators
bureaucrats
72
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
73
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you attend to the news
You vote for Democrats
you get more conservative
you vote more
74
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
19th
17th
18th
75
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
76
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
coattails
approval ratings
endorsements
bandwagon
77
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
editorials are held to a different standard
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
78
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
79
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article V
Article VI
Article III
Article IV
80
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
federalism
enumerated
granted
reserved
81
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
5 judges, juries
4 judges, law fairies
attorneys, judges
3 judges, witnesses
82
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
83
What type of primary do political parties like best?
unicameral
open
blanket
closed
84
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the due process clause
elastic clause
the free exercise clause
the equal protection clause
85
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Taxation
Declare War
Impeachment
Approve treaties
86
Unstated powers that are logically
delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
supremacy powers
inherent
enumerated
reserved
87
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
88
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
89
The effect of iron triangles is typically
socialism
pluralism
elitism
hyperpluralism
90
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
party identification
selective perception
incumbency advantage
media culture
91
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kutzman
Miller v. California
92
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
strict constructionism
due process
judicial restraint
judicial activism
93
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
94
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
interest groups
the bureaucracy
the candidate
95
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
government regulation is illegal
the stock market must be reformed
96
The United States government is accurately described as
a unitary federation
an autocracy
a democracy
a republic
97
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been struck down.
It is currently pending.
It has been upheld.
It has not been tested.
98
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
they are more common than caucuses
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
there is a ballot
99
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
Populists
Whigs
100
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
the state legislative baody banned it
an executive order by the Governor
an initiative was passed
a court order
101
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Engel v. Vitale
Schenk v. the United States
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
102
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
consolidation of news outlets
Internet ads
the prevalence of sound bites
24 hour news channels
103
What action is Congress' best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
amendements
legislation
regulations
impeachment
104
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid
105
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
The Constitution
Common Sense
The Declaration of Independence
106
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
they need access to government officials
They are inherently patriotic
107
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Senators
U.S. Representatives
U.S. President
U.S. judges
108
What case established that it's constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Miller v. California
Tinker v. DesMoines
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
109
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
nature of the times
groups benefits
idealogues
low information
110
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
bond sales
sequestration
foreign banks
tax loopholes
111
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Republican
Democrat
Whig
Know Nothing
112
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Lawrence v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
113
Conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
conservative
liberal
114
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
bankruptcy supervision
naturalization
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
admiralty and maritime law
115
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
116
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
ICC
SEC
NLRB
FTC
117
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
appellate
state
federal
district
118
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
polarization
filibustering
electioneering
gerrymandering
119
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
only the executive power
all governments in the US
only the federal government
the state governments
120
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
the Vice President
White House Staff
The Executive Offices
The cabinet
121
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
fill vacancies
nominate officials
execute the law
issue pardons
122
If an issue has high saliency it means
It has a short "shelf life"
few people are paying attention
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
123
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
may be ideal but isn't realistic
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
iis a requirement in a democracy
124
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
justiceable
appellate
civil
criminal
125
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
pardoning criminals
receiving foreign heads of state
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
126
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He stepped down after 3 years
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
127
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
128
What American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Andrew Jackson
William McKinley
129
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To build enthusiasm
To select a candidate for the general election
To raise money
to produce a party platform
130
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
131
Why are signing statements controversial?
they are executive orders in disguise
They are relatively new in presidential history
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
132
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
133
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it easier to register to vote
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
134
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
voter fraud
providing government services
advertising
patronage
135
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
short terms
strong parties
the power of interest groups
primaries
136
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
8th
11th
12th
10th
137
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all interest groups
They are all potential groups
They are all agents of socialization
They are all informal
138
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they were unanimous
they want to lower courts to retry it
they tied
they defer to the lower court ruling
139
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
reorganize budgets
appointments
eliminate agencies
issue executive orders
140
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
100%
1/2
2/3
3/4
141
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
file amicus curiae briefs
obtain standing
testify
hire lobbyists
142
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
143
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Smith and Wesson
Hearst and Pulitzer
Raymour and Flanigan
144
The distance between a law and implentation is called
bureaucratic distance
appellate jurisdiction
slippage
administrative discretion
145
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. Reed
Santa Clara v. Martinez
146
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
open
bicameral
closed
blanket
147
Who are the litigants in a case?
the judges
the members of the jury
the lawyers
the plaintiff and defendent
148
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but have that affect are ok
Employment Division v. Smith
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
149
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
police power
establishing courts
taxation
printing currency
150
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
District Courts
The Supreme Court
Superior Courts
Circuit Courts
151
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Bill of Rights
The Mutual Pledge
The Introduction
The Preamble
152
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
153
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
white
property owner
Christian
male
154
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the elastic clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
155
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
sexual orientation
religion
156
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
more uniformity
no states would exist
direct democracy
more powerful states
157
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
think they are in it
attend meetings
register
158
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
a privilege granted to US elected officials
Illegal
Unregulated
159
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
William Rehnquist
Warren Burger
Earl Warren
John Roberts
160
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
House
Senate
Both
Neither
161
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
race
religion
age
gender
162
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They know the election laws in that state
They raise most of the money
They provide endorsements
They do polling
163
Which of the following can the President do?
Initiate laws
veto laws
Declare war
Initiate constitutional amendments
164
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
limited government
separation of power
checks and balances
judicial review
165
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it typically converts voters
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it sets the policy agenda
166
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
candidate nomination
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
the writing of the party platform
167
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
U.S. v. Lopez
Marbury v. Madison
168
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
general elections
primaries
policy elections
169
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
170
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
171
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
3/4
unanimous
51%
2/3
172
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 day
3 days
1 week
4 days
173
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
23rd
22nd
20th
21st
174
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Energy and Commerce
Appropriations
Ethics
Veteran's Affairs
175
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Tariffs
Corporate taxes
Income taxes
Fuel taxes
176
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The GOA
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The OMB
177
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
inaccessibility
disability
exclusion
accommodation
178
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
due diligence
due process
patronage
merit system
179
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
legitimacy
representation
standing
jurisprudence
180
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
checks and balances
limited government
separation of powers
judicial review
181
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see how high it will go without popping
to launch a campaign
to mend fences after a scandal
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
182
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
shrink the # of courts
a recess appointment
a veto war
executive order
183
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
20 years
30 years
15 years
14 years
184
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is nonexistent
it is shorter
It is longer
It is more in depth
185
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed long term?
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
voter apathy
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
186
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
the nominee is older
the nominee is relatively unknown
it is the end of the President's second term
The Senate and President are from different parties
187
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
policy positions
fundraising
188
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on odd/ unusual
they focus on issues
They focus on individuals
they tend to be liberal
189
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the Suoreme Court
the U.S. Congress
the states
the voters through referendum
190
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates
proportionally
?
Republicans
Democrats
191
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment
Tutle IX
Fuel Independence
Gay Rights
192
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
fundraising
ticket-splitting
protesting
voting
193
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except?
Slave Trade
Virginia Plan
Connecticut
3/5 Compromise
194
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
195
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful searches
unlawful imprisonment
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
196
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
leadership votes
when declaring war
domestic issues
impeachment
197
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
John Kennedy
Franklin Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
198
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Both
Neither
House
Senate
199
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
police officers & teachers
attorneys
lawyers and judges
criminals
200
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
it caters to low information voters
few people participate
the early states are not representative of the US population
the early states get too much attention
201
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
confederation
unitary democracy
direct democracy
union
202
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
enumerated powers
block grants
categorical grants
unfunded madates
203
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
204
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to regulate campaign finance
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to streamline platform writing
205
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
a poll
interviews with media
the nightly news
tv ads
206
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
they produce issue ads
they disclose the names of contributors
They are for profit taxable organizations
207
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have a larger population
they raise the most money for the party
They more reliably vote for the party
they have the most registered party members
208
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
division of labor
reliance on technology
promotion based on merit
chain of command
209
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
House
Senate
210
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation that has wide appeal
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
211
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Neither
Both
Senate
House
212
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Office of Personnel Management
National Labor Relations Board
The Civil Service Commission
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
213
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They cycle out after each presidential election
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They generally quit before they can be fired
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
214
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Griswold v. Connecticut
Furman v. Georgia
Gregg v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
215
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
provide for the general welfare
establish justice
due process
ensure domestic tranquility
216
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
passing laws
rule-making
filing class action lawsuits
iron triangles
217
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Neither
Both
House
Senate
218
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title V
Title IX
Title XX
Title XI
219
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
They have voted more often
they have become more ideological
220
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
26th
25th
23rd
24th
221
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
staffing requirements
new state election laws
inflation
television
222
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Senate
Neither
House
Both
223
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Federal Trade Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Communications Commission
224
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the Congress
the courts
the states
the President
225
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
7
4
6
5
226
This amendment ended slavery
15th
14th
12th
13th
227
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they increase campaign spending
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
They are avoiding media attention
228
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
229
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
delegates
party leaders
electors
voters
230
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the Supreme Court
the state's House Reps
the state's governor
the state's senators
231
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
232
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
government shutdowns
authorization bills
omnibus bills
fiscal cliffs
233
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
McCullough v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
Fletcher v. Peck
234
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Legislative
Judicial
Executive
Bureaucracy
235
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Starting Ms. Magazine
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
founding the National Organization for Women
236
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
run polls on election day
articulate policies
pick candidates
coordinate campaigns
237
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
20th
19th
18th
17th
238
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
239
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
240
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to reward big fundraisers
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to rank and file party members would have a voice
241
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Baker v. Carr
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Miranda v. Arizona
242
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
expanded it / made bigger
contracted it / made smaller
it was inconsistent
it was unchanged
243
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
taxation bills
treaty approval
declaring war
creating courts
244
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
NAACP v. Alabama
Gideon v. Wainwright
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
245
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
age
race
sexual orientation
246
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
247
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
11
7
9
10
248
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
wealth
religion
race
gender
249
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being young
being female
being wealthy
being educated
250
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They are binding for the next President
They need UN approval
They indicate the President's intentions
They need Senate approval
251
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They wanted a democracy
They felt the states were too powerful
252
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They feared a stronger federal power.
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They opposed federal taxation
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
253
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Reed v. Reed
ERA v. Hunt
Schaffley v. Hoke
Craig v. Boren
254
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
lobbying
approve appintments
hearings
deregulation
255
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
agency model
instructed delegate model
trustee model
politico model
256
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Bill of Rights
The Declaration of Independence
the Preamble
the 14th amendment
257
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
258
Another term for prior restraint is
warrant
censorship
subpoena
arrest
259
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
Congressional Budget Office
The Office of Management and Budget
The Senate Finance Committee
The House Ways and Means Committee
260
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
100%
2/3 or 75%
50% +1
the largest percentage of all candidates
261
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
27th
26th
25th
24th
262
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
18th
21st
19th
25th
263
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
make elections less volatile
safety valve for popular discontent
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
264
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have more party cohesion
Their parties are more organized
They have elections more often
They have more parties
265
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
voter apathy
runaway spending
rapid passage of laws
separation of powers
266
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
267
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
fiscal policy
concurrent powers
fiscal federalism
incumbency
268
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
No part
Article II
Article V
Article III
269
What was the first form of mass media?
television
radio
telegraph
daily newspapers
270
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
push polls
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
exit poLling
271
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
hold a joint session of Congress
restate the oath
inform Congress about the state of the Union
Give a speech
272
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Thomas Hobbes
Adam Smith
Montesquieu
John Locke
273
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the whole process takes one day
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
Only 12 states hold them
274
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
veto override
executive orders
executive agreements
selective enforcement
275
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate, or combination of both?
To iron differences out on controversial topics
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
To stop legislation
To stop amendments
276
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
primaries
poll taxes
literacy tests
grandfather clauses
277
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
278
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
pray
free speech
vote
279
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
judicial review
impeachment
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
280
How many levels are the federal court system?
five
two
three
four
281
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Alcatraz
San Quentin
Los Alamos
Guantanamo
282
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
283
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
284
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a shovel
a light saber
a microphone
285
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Federal Trade Commission
Securities and Exchange
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Reserve
286
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
politicians must take clear positions on issues
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
The Conservative Era was over
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
287
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
the wealthy
blacks
unions
white souitherners
288
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Federal Reserve
The Congressional Budget Office
The General Accounting Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
289
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
290
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
more authority and bigger budgets
lobbyists
endorsements
less red tape
291
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
inevitable growth in budgets
delays / slow budget negotiations
budget reconciliation
the military industrial complex
292
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why we have two parties
Why third parties tend to fail
why we don't have radical parties in the US
why we have polarization
293
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
Blacks outnumber hispanics
We will soon be a majority minority nation
294
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
caucus
conference committee
joint committee
casework
295
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
4
5
7
6
296
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
press conference
narrowcast
politics
newscast
297
Conservative or Liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
298
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
supremacy clause
elastic clause
limited government
implied powers
299
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are longer but cheaper
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
300
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Judicial
The Legislative
The Bureaucracy
The Executive
301
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
formal
informal
302
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
police
zoning
abortion
school
303
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. Senator
U.S. President
U.S. Representative
U.S. Judge
304
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
Parties have legislative goals
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties are involved in electioneering
305
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Chief Magistrate
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
the U.S. Marshalls
306
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Clinton
H,W. Bush
Reagan
W. Bush
307
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
slander is spoken and libel is written
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
308
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required candidtes to take public funds
required reporting of income/spending
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
limited contributions
309
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
It's not
Article III
Article VI
Article I
310
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
U.S. v. Lopez
U.S. v. Nixon
Butler v. U.S.
311
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reynolds v. United States
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
312
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
tax
appointments
veto
declare war
313
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
the pocket veto
discretionary spending
ways and means
the line item veto
314
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Both
Neither
House
Senate
315
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Employment Division v. Smith
Reed v. Reed
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
316
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
16th
10th
12th
15th
317
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
You can only have one or the other, not both
318
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
11th
12th
9th
10th
319
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
omnibus bills
sequestration
regressive taxing
structural debt
320
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Goldwater
Reagan
Nixon
H.W. Bush
321
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
budget resolution
impoundment
sequestration
fiscal cliff
322
All of the following are types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
revolutionary
issue / cause
splinter
popular person-based
323
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Judge
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
324
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
full faith and credit clause
dual federalism
extradition
privileges and immunities protections
325
Conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
326
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
cooperative federalism
new federalism
fiscal federalism
dual federalism
327
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
writ of certiori
opinion
oral argument
328
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
all war reporters are members of the military
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
329
What is casework?
How a lawyer prepares for trial
Constituent services
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
330
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
bully pulpit
neutral competence
electoral mandate
state of the union
331
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Reprieves and pardons
Commander in Chief
Party Leader
UN Ambassador
332
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
due process
adminstrative discretion
regulation
issue networks
333
Teacher led prayers violate the
free exercise clause
due process clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
334
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
Military personnel make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
335
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The chief Justice oversees the trial
The House decides the charges
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
336
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
it is nonexistent
it is contentious
337
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The Senaste
The House of Representatives
The Electoral College
The President
338
Conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
