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8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4
8th Grade Earth Science Mod. E Unit 4
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A #blindquiz #science review on #unit4 #therestlessearth #sciencefusion
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following are body waves?
Richter waves and S waves
P waves and S waves
P waves and Richter waves
surface waves and P waves
2
What are the mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the movement of Earth's plates?
sea-floor spreading and continental drift
mantle convection & continental drift
slab pull & sea-floor spreading
mantle convection, ridge push, and slab pull
3
You see 2 different folds;1st fold are younger away from the center and 2nd older;which is true
1st fold is anticline and 2nd fold is monocline
1st fold is syncline and 2nd fold is monocline
1st fold is anticline and 2nd fold is syncline
1st fold is syncline and 2nd fold is anticline
4
What is the primary way that folded mountains are formed?
by shear stress
by compression
by volcanic activity
by tension
5
Scientists divide Earth into 3 main layers: core, mantle and crust. How are they identified?
By their physical properties
By their structural features
By their chemical composition
By their plate tectonics
6
Where do the highest concentration of earthquakes occur?
along the edges of the Atlantic Ocean
along the edges of the Pacific Ocean
Within the ocean basins
within the continental landmasses
7
What is the most likely reason there are no major earthquakes recorded in Africa's interior?
There are no faults in Africa.
The landmass of Africa is too large to be affected
The plate boundary inside Africa is to small
No major plate boundaries cut through the continent
8
Which is the correct definition for the term
epicenter
?
position on Earth's surface directly above the focus
A place on Earth's surface where the earthquake happens
position below Earth's surface where an earthquake begins
position along a fault directly below the focus
9
The figure shows the process of subduction. What happens when the crustal plates move as shown?
An ocean forms
Sea-floor spreading occurs as the oceanic plate moves
A transform boundary forms where the subduction occurs
Volcanic mountain ranges form
10
Alternating quiet and violent eruptions are associated with which kind of volcano?
Shield
Cinder Cone
Pyroclastic
Composite
11
Which term describes a kind of fold in which the oldest rock layers are in the center?
Anticline
Symmetrical Fold
Syncline
Asymmetrical fold
12
Which of the following processes causes one tectonic plate to sink beneath another?
seafloor spreading
slab pull
Ridge pull
folding
13
What happens at a convergent tectonic plate boundary?
One plate pulls apart into 2 new plates
Two plates pull away from one another
Two plates slide horizontally past each other
Two plates collide with one another
14
What is the main difference between body waves and surface waves?
Body waves travel outward from the focus
Surface waves travel outward from the focus
Body waves travel in all directions
Surface waves travel in all directions
15
What is a convection current?
The transfer of energy by direct contact
transfer of energy from a region of lower to higher temp.
transfer of energy through a solid, like the Earth's crust
the transfer of energy by the movement of matter
16
Besides their location, how are continental and oceanic crusts
different
?
Continental are larger tectonic plates than oceanic
Continental crust is thinner than oceanic
Continental crust is thicker than oceanic
Continental are smaller tectonic plates than oceanic
17
Which of the following defines magma?
Magma is lava that has cooled to form solid rock
Magma is any place where gas, ash, or melted rock are.
Magma is melted rock found in underground chambers
Magma is molten rock that flows on Earth's surface
18
How are oceanic and continental crust different?
Oceanic crust is thinner and denser
Oceanic crust is thinner and lighter
Oceanic crust is thicker and lighter
Oceanic crust is thicker and denser
19
Most divergent plate boundaries lie under the world's oceans. Which process occurs there?
Plates slide past each other
Subduction of old crust
Formation of new crust
Continental collisions occur
20
Which part of the mantle is also part of the lithosphere?
the rigid upper part
the fluid, hot part
the soft moving part
the lower stationary part
21
What causes an earthquake to happen?
Rocks along underground fault move suddenly & release energy
Large amounts of rock suddenly shift down due to holes below
Surface rocks moving suddenly from stress
Energy transferred to rock layers from convection currents
22
New Mexico geology is dominated by extensional tectonic forces; which 2 types of mountains fit?
fault block and folded
fault block and dome
volcanic and fault block
volcanic and dome
23
What is the primary way that folded mountains are formed?
by tension
by shearing stress
by compression
by volcanic activity
24
How does pyroclastic material differ from lava?
pyroclastic material is associated with nonviolent eruptions
pyroclastic material erupts onto Earth's surface
pyroclastic material is associated with explosive eruptions
pyroclastic material erupts from shield volcanoes
25
What decribes what hapened when 2 continents in Pangaea collided?
Folded mountains formed as a result of compressional stress
Fault-block mountains formed as a result of tensional stress
Fault-block mountains formed from compressional stress
Folded mountains formed as a result of tensional stress
26
Which describes the moment magnitude of an earthquake?
the amount of damage caused to buildings
the distance from the earthquake's focus
the amount of movement along a fault
the distance from the earthquake's epicenter
27
What causes a tsunami?
the impact of a large meteorite in the ocean
a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water
an earthquake beneath the ocean
a typhoon moving across the ocean
28
Which type of volcano has the steepest sides?
cinder cone
shield
composite
lava
29
What happens when stress causes a normal fault?
The footwall drops down
Then hanging wall moves up
The walls move side to side
The hanging wall drops down
30
Earth 5 physical layers, which layer represents the mesosphere?
D
C
A
E
31
Which of the following is a process that occurs at a divergent boundaries?
continental collisions occure
formation of new crust
plates slide past each other
subduction of old crust
32
Which type of stress causes deformation that lead to earthquakes at converging plate boundaries
compression
shear stress
tension
stretching
