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APHG Unit 7.4-7.8 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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APHG Unit 7.4-7.8 Review
APHG Unit 7.4-7.8 Review
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1
Outsourced industrial production in less-developed countries often relies on female labor because:
wage rates for women are much lower than for men
men are engaged mainly in agriculture
women are not protected by international labor laws
women are more skilled at operating machinery than men are
2
Mexico's maquiladoras are examples of ___.
ancillary activities
export-processing zones
offshore financial centers
brick-and-mortar businesses
3
Rostow's theory fails to take into account all of the following EXCEPT:
3rd world nations' dependence on int'l loans to survive
The conditions needed to transform into a manuf'ing economy
The forcible extraction of nat. resources in the 3rd world
the historical patterns of non-industrialized countries
4
Free-trade zones such as NAFTA are established to increase the ease and volume of international trade by:
establishing a common monetary unit among member states
opening borders to migrant guest workers from member states
eliminating tariffs on goods that cross borders between member states
offering large economic-development loans to poorer member states
5
The high-tech firms of Silicon Valley in California are clustered together to take advantage of:
easy access to markets
cheap labor
agglomeration effects
economies of scale
6
The "Age of Mass Consumption" is what stage in the Rostow model?
5th
4th
3rd
2nd
7
Economic activities that increase & benefit from agglomerations in certain regions are called:
ancillary activities
basic sector services
footloose industries
tertiary activities
8
Which is NOT a characteristic of a periphery country in a capitalist system?
Lower wages than those in core countries
Less ownership and use of advanced technologies
Narrower range of consumer products vs. core countries
Exporting large amounts of high-quality finished goods
9
__ Theory claims that prosperity is sustained in the core, but poverty in the periphery.
Organic
Secondary
Modernization
Dependency
10
Economic complementarities between two places tend to:
occur when each place specializes in commodities demanded by the other
reflect the maximization of scale
occur when the places specialize in the same commodities
reflect only differences in resource base
11
_ is GNP minus the loss of natural resource capital as a result of productivity.
Net National Product
Purchasing-Power Parity
Human Development Index (HDI)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
12
Core-periphery models are generally based on the idea that:
the economic heart of a territory should be at its geographic center
levels of economic development are uniform between the core and periphery
all world regions are equally well developed
sharp contrasts in development exist between heartlands and outlying areas
13
Rostow's model predicts that each country's economy will progress from:
high consumption to ecological sustainability
low per-capita incomes to higher incomes & high consumption
low output to high input
high levels of pollution to efficient resource use
14
Gender equity is related to:
Gross National Product
Cultural Traditions
All of the above
Education
15
It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused by:
sea-level rise
increased use of fossil fuels
changes in the velocity of ocean currents
reduction in biodiversity
16
The Gini coefficient measures which economic indicator?
The raw numbers of people still in Stage 1 in the DTM
Purchasing power of a nation's citizenry
The number of women who are literate in a society
Income disparity between the rich and poor
17
Which of the following has contributed most to the deindustrialization of regions like the English Midlands?
Competition from foreign imports
The decline of labor unions
Environmental legislation
The formation of free trade associations
18
First-tier world cities include:
Tokyo, Mexico City and Sao Paolo
Rome, London and Paris
Washington, Moscow and London
Tokyo, London and New York
19
What's it called when companies try to merge their supply chains to improve efficiencies?
Vertical integration
Agglomeration
Privatization
A transnational corporation
20
Which of the following pairs is NOT an example of an NIC (newly-industrialized country?)
Dominican Republic (manufacturing & tourism)
South Sudan (medical services & computing)
India (pharmaceuticals, IT services)
Vietnam (manufacturing)
21
Conserving resources to meet needs w/out limiting future gen's ability to do the same is called
sustainable development
gross national happiness
globalization
environmental conservation
22
The Internet is reshaping traditional economic arrangements by:
bringing consumers and producers into face-to-face contact
increasing the importance of rail transportation
creating more enclosed shopping malls
expanding the importance of express package delivery systems
23
Wallerstein's theory originated in the ___ and uses the ___ rather than the nation-state as its center of analysis.
1940s; United Nations
1970s; world-system
1940s; world-system
1970s; United Nations
24
The popularity of which of the following is an example of the trend toward ecotourism?
Artificial lakes in Texas
Ski resorts in Chile
National parks in Costa Rica
Time-share condominiums on the coast of Spain
25
Which of the following sectors of the economy has grown the fastest in the United States since the mid-1970s?
Service
Retail
Agriculture
Manufacturing
26
Which of the following has fostered the most growth by eliminating import tariffs between member states?
Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
European Union (EU)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
United Nations (UN)
27
Which of the following statements best explains a limitation of this political map in showing economic information?
there are no changes in production costs across the borders of EU states
there are no changes in price amounts across the borders of EU states
Regarding free trade, the borders between EU states are irrelevant
Regarding currency, the borders between EU states are irrelevant
28
Which of the following best explains a benefit of membership in the European Union?
Member states have more secure borders, which guards against conflict
Member states receive equal numbers of international migrants
Member states form a single market, which creates a powerful economic bloc
Member states receive annual payments from the European Union
29
Which of the following is the primary geographic effect of the globalization of the economy?
Production is shifted to low-cost locations in developing countries
More Local ownership makes industries less likely to move
Production is increasingly concentrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Valley of Europe
Countries have greater control over economic activity within their borders
30
Political geographers consider which of the following as the core area of the United States?
The Atlanta-Birmingham, Alabama, area
The Los Angeles-San Francisco area
The New York-Washington, D.C., area
The Chicago-Detroit area