if the ph of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured

ph of stomach acid would be below 7 ,ph of oven cleaner would be above 7

which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration

glycolysis--> krebs cycle --> electron transport

which of the following is true about phosphorus

an important component of RNA and DNA

Most plants appear green because the chlorophyll

does not absorb the green light

high-energy electrons that move down the electron transport chain ultimately provide the energy needed to

conver ADP molecules into ATP molecules

what is the correct equation for cellular respiration

6o2+c6h12o6 --> 6co2+6h2o+energy

which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct

species make up populations, which make up communities

how do organisms get the energy they need

breaking down food molecules gradually and capturing their chemical energy

what is one of the ways that cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes

photosynthesis releases oxygen from the atmosphere, cellular uses it

mixture in which the substance are evenly spread out

which statement is true about macromolecules

proteins are made of amino acids

a scientific hypothesis

can be testes by experiments or observatons

in what way are herbivores and carnivores alike

both obtain energy by consuming other organisms

which pair includes a phase of the cell cycle and a cellular process that occurs during that phase

G2 phase, preparation for mitosis

protecting and entire ecosystem ensures that

interactions among many species will be preserved

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Biology Midterms

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Answers

1
which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things
response to the environment
ability to reproduce
ability to move
growth and development
2
the Krebs cycle produces
glucose
oxygen
Lactic acid
carbon dioxide
3
farmin, overgrazin, climate change, and seasonal drought change farmland into land that cannot be support plant life
deforestation
deserification
depletion
monoculture
4
which of the following pass high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain
citric acid
NADH and FADH2
acetyl- CoA
ATP and ADP
5
which biome has many seasons, average to high temperatures, and is characterized by frequent fires
tundra
tropical rainforest
boreal forest
grassland
6
what are the products of the light-dependent reactions
ATP
NADPH
all of the above
oxygen gas
7
the work of a scientist usually begins wiht
drawing conclusions
testing a hypthesis
careful observations
creating experiments
8
collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27*C the gas being collect is probably
ATP
vaporized water
carbon dioxide
oxygen
9
an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
takes less time
produces identical offspring
provides genetic diversity
requires more time
10
if the ph of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured
ph of stomach acid would be abouve 7, ph of oven cleaner would be below 7
both would be below 7
ph of stomach acid would be below 7 ,ph of oven cleaner would be above 7
both would be above 7
11
the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
Interphase
metaphase
cell division
mitosis
12
which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration
krebs cycle--> glycolysis --> electron transport
glycolysis--> fermentation --> krebs cycle
krebs cycle --> electron transport --> glycosis
glycolysis--> krebs cycle --> electron transport
13
what is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis
high-energy sugar
photosystem
pigment
electron carrier
14
which of the following is true about phosphorus
released into the air when animals exhale carbon dioxide
an important component of RNA and DNA
can be "fixed" by lightning
found primarily in the atmosphere
15
Most of the photosynthetic activity in plants take place in the
stomata
guard cells
mesophyll
xylem
16
a bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. based on its behavior which pair of ecological terms describes the bird
autotrophs, herbivore
herbivore decomposer
carnivore, comsumer
producer, heterotroph
17
the lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is the
ecosystem
biosphere
community
biome
18
Most plants appear green because the chlorophyll
reflects violet light
absorbs green light
does not absorb the green light
none of the above
19
high-energy electrons that move down the electron transport chain ultimately provide the energy needed to
transport water molecules across the membrane
convert carbon dioxide into water molecules
break down glucose into pyruvic acid molecules
conver ADP molecules into ATP molecules
20
which of the following is an electron acceptor that plays a role in cellular respiration
ATP
NADP+
pyruvic acid
NAD+
21
If some of the xylem of a young oak tree were destroyed, it would most likely interfere with the tree's ability to
absorb water from the soil
absorb sunlight
conduct water to the leaves
conduct sugars
22
Which of the following affects the rate of photosynthesis
light intensity
temperature
all of the above
water
23
tropical rain forest may be unable to be returned to its original climax community after which the following disturbance
flooding after a hurricane
burning of a forest fire
clearing and farming
volcanic eruption
24
what is the correct equation for cellular respiration
6o2+c6h12o6+energy ---> 6co2+6h2o
6co2+6h2o --> 6o2 + c6h12o6 +energy
6co2+6h2o+energy --> 6o2 +c6h12o6
6o2+c6h12o6 --> 6co2+6h2o+energy
25
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of a leaf through the
stomata
phloem
guard cells
palisade mesophyll
26
which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct
species make up populations, which make up communities
populations make up species, which make up communities
communities make up species, which make up populations
species make up communities, which make up populations
27
what are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration
water and glucose
oxygen and lactic acid
carbon dioxide and water
glucose and oxygen
28
the air bubbles and spongy texture of bread are due to which process
lactic acid fermentation
glycolysis
alcoholic fermentation
the krebs cycle
29
which events occurs during interphase
spindle fibers begin to form
centrioles duplicate
the cytoplasm divides
centromeres divide
30
during normal mitotic cell division a parent cell that has 4 chromosomes will produce 2 daughter cell each containing
2 chromosomes
4 chromosomes
8 chromosomes
16 chromosomes
31
how do organisms get the energy they need
breathing oxygen into the lungs and combining it with Carbon Dioxide
using the suns energy to break down food molecules and form chemicals
burning food molecules and releasing their energy as heat
breaking down food molecules gradually and capturing their chemical energy
32
who used compound microscope to see chamber within cork and named them "cells"
rudolf virchow
robert hooke
matthias schleiden
anton van leeuwenhoek
33
what is one of the ways that cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes
photosynthesis removes oxygen from the atomosphere, cellular puts it back
photosynthesis releases energy, cellular respiration stores energy
photosynthesis releases oxygen from the atmosphere, cellular uses it
photosynthesis consumes glucose, and cellular produces glucose
34
what does a reviewer do during peer-review
focus on mistakes in spelling
repeat the experiment in the article
change data to support results
check for mistakes and bias
35
a solution is a
mixture in which the substance are evenly spread out
mixture in which undissolved substances do not settle out
combination of isotopes
chemical reaction
36
each of the following is an abiotic factor in enviroment EXCEPT
plant life
soil type
rainfall
temperature
37
which statement is true about macromolecules
proteins are made of amino acids
glycerol is made of fatty acids
nucleotides are made of nucleic acids
simple sugars are made of polysaccharides
38
CAM plants are specialized to survive under what conditions that would harm most other kinds of plants
excess water
hot, dry conditions
long day lengths
low temperatures
39
a scientific hypothesis
can be testes by experiments or observatons
can be based on personal beliefs or opinions
does not have to be testes to be accepted as correct
provne fact with much evidence to suppport it
40
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
plants
Humans
bacteria
consumers
41
which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis
ATP
pyruvic acid
NADH
glucose
42
in what way are herbivores and carnivores alike
both directly consume producers
both are considered to be autrophs
both obtain energy by consuming other organisms
both use photosynthesis to make their own food
43
a covalent bond is formed as the result of
transferring protons
transferring electrons
sharing portons
sharing electrons
44
a granum is a
membrane enclosing a thylakoid
a stack of cholorplasts
photosynthetic pigment molecule
stack of thylakoids
45
which pair includes a phase of the cell cycle and a cellular process that occurs during that phase
M phase, cell growth
S phase, cell devision
G1 phase, DNA replication
G2 phase, preparation for mitosis
46
protecting and entire ecosystem ensures that
captiice breeding programs will succeed
interactions among many species will be preserved
governments will set aside land
existing parks and reserves will expand
47
when salt is dissolved in water, water is the
solvent
reactant
solution
solute
48
primary succession would most likely occur after
a forest fire
farm land is abandoned
a lava flow
a severe storm
49
what is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web
food chain
food pyramid
energy path
trophic level
50
carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
photosynthesis
transpiration
burning of fossil fuels
decomposition of plants and animals
51
the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the
biomass
organic mass
energy mass
trophic mass
52
plants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called
glucose
thylakoids
pigments
chloroplasts
53
when hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is
a catayst
a product
a reactant
an enzyme
54
what happens when chlorophyll is struck by sunlight
energy from fat molecules is released
the chlorophyll molecule is broken into two parts
the electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized
a chemical reaction turns chlorophyll into high energy carbohydrates
55
carbon dioxide completely removed from a plant's environment what would happen to the plant production of High-E sugar
carbon dioxide does not affect production of high-energy sugars in plants
no sugars will be produced
the same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide
more sugars will be produced
56
energy is released from ATP when
ATP is exposed to sunlight
a phosphate group is removed
adenine bonds to ribose
a phosphate group is added
57
a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other does not care is
parasitism
commensalism
predation
mutualism
58
what animals eat both producers and consumers
herbivores
autotrophs
omnivores
chemotrophs
59
plants are
omivores
herbivores
Primary producers
primary consumers
60
which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell
glycolysis
electron transport
photosynthesis
Krebs cycle
61
What is a product of the Calvin cycle
ATP
oxygen gas
carbon dioxide gas
high-energy sugars
62
would a scientist who studies evolution also have to learn about other branches of biology? why or why not?
no; each branch of biology is separate from the others
no; the other branches of biology do not affect evolution
yes; the different branches of biology are interrelated
yes; the other branches of biology are more important
63
the branch of biology dealing with interactions among organism and between organism and their environment
ecology
recycling
modeling
economy
64
when during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible
only when they are being replicated
only during interphase
only during cell division
only during the G1 phase
65
red tailed hawks live in the temperate forest. The temperate forest is their
niche
habitat
tolerance
microclimate
66
as a cell becomes large, its
surface area stays the same, but its volume increases
volume increases faster than its surface area
volume increases, but its suface area stay the same
surface area increases faster than its volume
67
which of the following is NOT a function of proteins
store and transmit genetic information
control the rate of reaction
help to fight disease
move substanes into or out of cells
68
mitosis is a form of sexual reproduction, because the daughter cells that form are identical to the parent cell
False
True
69
what is the photosynthesis equations
h20 +c6h1206= 602+ 6c02
h20 ----> 602
co2+h20=c6h12+o2
6C02+6H2O ----> C6H12O6 +602
70
during a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and test
a control group
a single variable
a mass of information
a conclusion
71
photosynthesis is to chloroplast as cellular respiration is to
nuclei
choloroplasts
mitochondria
cytoplasm
72
the two main types of fermentation are called
lactic acid and anaerobic
alcoholic and lactic acid
aerobic and anaerobic
alcoholic and aerobic
73
cellular respiration uses 1 molecule of glucose to produce approximatly
36 ATP molecules
4 ATP molecules
2 ATP molecules
32 ATP molecules
74
when the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it generates ATP by carrying out
glycoysis
lactic acid fermentation
alcoholic fermentation
cellular respiration
75
what is the center of the chromosome called
sister chromatid
centomere
spindle
centriole
76
a symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed adn the other benefits is
parasitism
mutualism
predation
commensalism
77
which of the following is a biological aspect of an organism's niche
amount of sunlight
the water in the area
the way it gets food
composition of soil
78
the process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
evolution
metabolism
photosynthesis
homeostasis
79
which of the following is a phase of mitosis
prophase
sytokinesis
s phase
interphase
80
during fermentation
carbon dioxide is produced
NAD+ is regenerated allowing glycolysis to continue
oxygen is required
glucose is split into 3 pyruvic acid molecules
81
cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires
oxygen
light
glucose
exercise
82
which of the following is NOT an example of a heterotroph
mushroom
human
grass
leopard
83
which of the following makes up a molecule of water
one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine
one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
84
a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called
a catalyst
an element
a lipid
a molecule
85
the first phase of mitosis is called
metaphase
anaphase
prophase
interphase
86
why are stem cells important
they have specialized DNA
they are incapable of becoming cancer cells
they have the potential to develop into other cell types
they have the potential to undergo cell division
87
isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and a different number of
neutrons
electrons
mulecules
ions
88
which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem
average temperature of the ecosystem
type of soil in the ecosystem
concentration of oxygen in the eosystem
number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem
89
the small the cell is the more difficult it is for the cell to move enough nutrients and wastes ascroos the membrane
False
True
90
a cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to
stop responding to growth regulators
stop dividing to produce daughter cells
produce cells without a defective p53 gene
generate horones that combat
91
The Calvin cycle is another name for
photosynthesis
light-dependent reactions
all of the above
light- independent reactions
92
which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence
interphase, prophase, metaphase, telphase
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telphase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
93
which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost
tropical dry forest
desert
temperate forest
tundra
94
what are found in the space surrounding the nuleus of an atom
electrons
protons
neutrons
ions
95
cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that
producer p53
cause cancer
work to heal wounds
regulate the cell cycle
96
during cytokinesis a cell undergoing cell division finally splits into two daughter cells
True
False
97
during which pase of itosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
prophase
98
which of the following is NOT a step in the light-dependent reactions
pigments in photosystem II absorb light
ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane
ATP and NADPH are used to produce high-energy sugars
high-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain
99
which animal would be found in the tundra
whitetail deer
iguana
polar bear
frog
100
a scientist releases a paper and someone says it's not right and the scientist studies new evidence what is the attitude
open-mindedness
skepticism
curiosity
creativity

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