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Duplicate of Biology Final
Duplicate of Biology Final
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Final Exam
Flashcards
88 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?
rRNA
DNA
tRNA
mRNA
2
Process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
homeostasis
metabolism
evolution
cohesion
3
____removes CO
2
from the atmosphere and ____puts it back
photosynthesis, sunlight
photosynthesis, cellular respiration
cellular respiration, alcoholic fermentation
cellular respiration, photosynthesis
4
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGCT produces a strand with the bases
GATCGA
TAGAAC
GATCCA
AGCTTA
5
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
differentiation
growth rate
spindle fibers
size
6
A heterozygous tall plant crossed w/ a short one The probability the offspring will be tall is
100%
75%
25%
50%
7
Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer useful?
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
8
The two main types of fermentation are called
alcoholic & anaerobic
aerobic & anaerobic
aerobic & lactic acid
alcoholic & lactic acid
9
Which ecological inquiry method is used when population #s of a certain species are counted
stating
experimenting
questioning
observing
10
Which means of particle transport is shown in the figure?
active transport
passive transport
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
11
What do bacteriophages infect?
students
humans
bacteria
mice
12
DDT was used to
make plants grow
form ozone
kill insects
fertilize soil
13
When one allele is not completely dominant over another, this is an example of
polygenic inheritance
incomplete dominance
complete dominance
multiple alleles
14
Plants gather energy with light-absorbing molecules called
chloroplasts
thylakoids
pigments
lysosomes
15
Preserved remains of ancient organisms are called
homologous structures
fossils
vestigial structures
dead
16
The weight of human infants at birth is under the influence of
directional selection
disruptive selection
stabilizing selection
natural selection
17
All the interconnected feeding realtionships in an ecosystem make up a food
web
store
network
chain
18
An area's day-to-day conditions
colonia
climate
temperature
weather
19
Gametes are produced by the process of
meiosis
mitosis
crossing over
crossing under
20
Farming, overgrazing, &/or drought change farmland into land that can't support plant life it's
called desertification
called deforestation
called depletion
called dessert
21
Which could bring 2 recessive alleles together & cause a genetic defect?
inbreeding
genetic engineering
purebreeding
hybridization
22
All organisms that belong to the domain Archaea are
multicellular
none of the above
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
23
Most populations that are growing, as resources start to become less available, the population
increases more rapidly
goes overboard
declines rapidly
reaches carrying capacity
24
Natural selection leads to an increase in a species'
fitness
fun
gene pool
geographic isolation
25
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
commensalism
mutualism
competition
parasitism
26
Colorblindness is more common in males b/c the allele is_____& located on the ____chromosome
dominant; X
recessive; X
dominant; Y
recessive; Y
27
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is a(n)
inference
fact
hypothesis
theory
28
Amount of nitrogen, oxygen, & other elements dissolved in the water of an aquatic ecosystem is
the rainfall in the water
competition
the nutrient availability
pollution
29
Molecules constantly move & collide with each other because of
osmosis
diffusion
active transport
enemies
30
The gray-brown haze often found over large cities is called
clouds
smog
particulates
acid rain
31
Why are stem cells important?
they have specialized DNA
because everyone has them
they are incapable of becoming cancer cells
they have the potential to develop into other cells
32
What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome?
100%
0%
50%
25%
33
Changes in the sequence of DNA are called
a mix up
mutations
allele frequencies
gene shuffling
34
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
XY
XXY
XX
YX
35
Animals that get energy by eating the carcasses of other animals are called
scavengers
heterotrophs
detritivores
omnivores
36
An area's average conditions
climate
precipitation
weather
temperature
37
Land & water ecosystems provide resources that a person uses & neutralize wastes is part of
that person's biodiversity
that person's genetics
that person's habitat
that person's ecological footprint
38
Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?
protein to DNA to RNA
DNA to RNA to protein
RNA to DNA to protein
DNA to protein to RNA
39
Demography is the scientific study of
science
parasitism and disease
modernized countries
human populations
40
The range of physical & biological conditions in which an organism lives
habitat
trees
niche
genetics
41
When a cell divides, each daughter cell gets
difficult for the cell to get rid of wastes
freedom
decreased volume
its own copy of parent cell's DNA
42
Dolly is a sheep produced by cloning. The source of Dolly's DNA
there is no Dolly
all identical
has a mix of genes from her foster mother & a donor
is a single cell from an adult individual
43
A color blind boy's mother_____carry the colorblind gene
must
could
will never
can't
44
Organisms that have 2 identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
heterozygous
whole
homozygous
hybrid
45
In early development, all cells are identical. Later, cells become specialized through
cytokinesis
differentiation
genetics
apoptosis
46
What is inside a bacteriophage?
protein
nucleus
nucleic acid/DNA
lipid
47
Organisms that cannot make their own food & must obtain energy from external sources are called
econotrophs
heterotrophs
thylakoids
autotrophs
48
What word best describes the # of different species in the biosphere or in a particular area
ecosystem diversity
species diversity
human diversity
biodiversity
49
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed and another benefits is
parasitism
mutualism
emigration
commensalism
50
Which type of RNA brings info in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
eRNA
51
You observe & suggest that the presence of water could speed up the growth of bread mold.
This is a hypothesis
This is an observation
This is a conclusion
This is an experiment
52
Which of the following is a possible future benefit of stem cell research?
reversing damage from a heart attack
developing a vaccine for cancer
all the above
generating embryos from nonliving tissue
53
The sulfur and nitrogen compounds in smog combine with water to form
snow
ammonia
acid rain
ozone
54
The use of DNA fingerprinting relies on the fact that
all the above
most genes used for identification are dominant
the most important genes are different among most people
everyone has the same fingerprints
55
What is produced during transcription?
RNA polymerase
RNA molecules
DNA molecules
DNA polymerase
56
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
disease
emigration
immigration
hurricane
57
Plants are
herbivores
primary producers
secondary consumers
primary consumers
58
Catalysts lower the _________of a chemical reaction
activation energy
enzymes
rate
chemical reactions
59
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
muscle cells
bread dough
any environment containing oxygen
alcohol
60
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the
trophic mass
weighted mass
organic mass
biomass
61
Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it's a prokaryote.You know because it lacks
a nucleus
a cell wall
a cell membrane
a cytoplasm
62
In the Punnett Square, which is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?
all will be short
about 50% will be short
all will be tall
about 75% will be tall
63
The movement of organisms into a range is called
immigration
migration
population shift
emigration
64
Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?
1 atom of Na & 1 atom of Cl
1 atom of H & 1 atom of O
2 atoms of H & 1 atom of O
2 atoms of H & 2 atoms of O
65
An example of a renewable resource is
natural gas
coal
all the above
trees
66
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of
restarting glycolysis
making more citric acid
catching your breath
repaying an oxygen debt
67
Humans select from among the naturally occurring genetic variations in a species in the process
of choosing
of artificial selection
of natural selection
of genetic equilibrium
68
A limiting factor that includes unusual weather & natural disasters
volcanoes
density-dependent limiting factors
density-independent limiting factors
predator/prey relationships
69
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests
a mass of information
a conclusion
a single variable
a test
70
If a pea plant's alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
one parent was tall, one was short
both parents were tall
both parents were short
both parents contributed a recessive allele
71
During what process do prokaryotes exchange genetic information?
conjugation
meiosis
cell division
binary fission
72
Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival is a(n)
adaptation
homologous trait
heterologous trait
polygenic trait
73
Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
vacuole
mitochondrion
lysosome
ribosome
74
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
ribosome
chloroplast
mitochondrion
nucleus
75
During mitotic cell division a parent cell that has 4 chromosomes will produce 2 daughter cells
each containing 2 chromosomes
each containing 4 chromosomes
each containing 3 chromosomes
each containing 8 chromosomes
76
The procedure illustrated above is an example of
gene therapy
mitosis
genetic testing
DNA finger printing
77
Gene therapy is successful if the replacement gene
is expressed in the person's cells
infect person's cells
is replicated in the person's cells
becomes alive
78
What animals eat both plants and animals?
herbivores
omnivores
carnivores
detritivores
79
In eukaryotes, DNA is
located in the ribosomes
located in the nucleus
circular
square
80
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?
2
98
46
23
81
Using resources in way that does not cause long-term environmental harm is called
monoculture
pollution
biological magnification
sustainable development
82
A mule is the result of a cross between a donkey and a horse. A mule is a
dorse
hybrid
phenotype
genotype
83
Most mutations
have no effect on an organism
are mutant
are fatal to organisms
are helpful to organisms
84
Unlike DNA, RNA contains
uracil
adenine
cytosine
guanine
85
Cancer affects
humans only
multicellular organisms only
everything
unicellular organisms only
86
What happens to genetic information when a piece of DNA is missing?
it is thrown out
it is lost
it is stored
it is copied
87
Limiting factor that includes competition, predation, parasitism, disease & overcrowding stress
density-dependent limiting factor
density-independent limiting factor
temperature
none of the above
88
An order is a category composed of similar
families
phyla
genera
kingdoms