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Chapter 7 Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 7 Chemistry
Chapter 7 Chemistry
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#chemistry # atoms # compounds #electrons #emollients
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Answers
1
All of the following statements about emollients are true
EXCEPT
they are found in concentrations ranging between 20% and 30%
provide a protective barrier called an occlusive barrier
they help the skin maintain its natural hydration by sealing
they are used to condition and soften the skin
2
All of the following statements about lighteners are true
EXCEPT:
used to bleach or lighten areas of hyperpigmentation
they are used at relatively high levels
takes months of continued use to deliver a noticeable effect
they slowly block the production of melanin in the skin
3
The process of a solid or gas changing states without becoming a liquid is known as:
physical change
chemical change
energy
sublimation
4
mixture of sebum and sweat with lipids, minerals and moisture to form a protective barrier
acid mantle
potential hydrogen
hydroxide ion
base
5
What government authority is responsible for regulating cosmetics?
FDA
CDC
FFDCA
EPA
6
Which of the following release a hydrogen ion and are positively charged?
acids
alkalines
bases
potential hydrogen
7
the process in which a substance gains an electron and oxygen is released?
oxidation
reduction
covalent bonding
ionic bonding
8
Chemically unstable molecules caused by environmental pollutants and UV exposure are called
free radicals
silicones
antioxidants
hydroxy acids
9
What is used in cosmetic products to keep them firm, yet soft and easy to apply to the skin?
surfactants
fatty acids
emollients
humectants
10
Ingredients that are designed to dissolve keratin proteins on the surface of the skin are
enzymes
lighteners
vitamins
coloring agents
11
What are the basic materials that the body uses to construct and renew itself?
proteins
carbohydrates
saccharides
lipids
12
What is the even dispersion of a solid substance in a liquid base called?
solvent
solution
saturation
suspension
13
Which of the following is
NOT
one of the three major biochemical compound groups in the body
carbohydrates
lipids
acid mantle
proteins
14
ability to do work to accomplish some change is called
matter
change
transformation
energy
15
Matter with definite weight, but indefinite volume and shape are:
gases
solids
liquids
compounds
16
Which of the following have a negative electrical charge
electrons
protons
elements
neutrons
17
Ingredients that possess the ability to destroy bacteria on the skin are described as being:
hypoallergenic
antibacterial
antioxidant
comedogenic
18
Thousands of amino acids connected lengthwise are known as a:
monomer
peptide chain
polymer
polypeptide chain
19
Groups of monomers that bond together are called:
peptide chains
monomers
polymers
polypeptide chains
20
What level of pH will leave the skin potentially vulnerable to injury by environmental factors
5
6
8
7
21
All of the following statements about amino acids are true
EXCEPT:
they consist of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
they join together in chains to form proteins
there are 22 common amino acids
they dissolve and break down large molecules
22
Emollients in products are generally found in concentrations ranging between:
15% to 20%
1% to 2%
3% to 5%
2% to 10%
23
Which common skin care product is an emulsion used to provide emolliency and moisture to skin?
ointment
emulsifier
lotion
powder
24
Organic acids extracted from a variety of natural sources such as fruits, sugar and milk are
vitamins
dimethicone copolyol
hydroxy acids
enzymes
25
All of the following statements are true about physical changes
EXCEPT
new substance possessing different composition is created
freezing water to form ice cubes is a physical change
chemical structure does not change
changes always involve either the gain or loss of energy
26
Which of the following are organic ingredients that bind water and deposit it onto the skin?
surfactants
fatty acids
humectants
emollients
27
chemistry that deals with all matter that is now living or was alive at one time is known as
organic chemistry
biochemistry
inorganic chemistry
active chemistry
28
Which of the following have a positive electrical charge and identify the atom?
ions
electrons
protons
neutrons
29
study of chemical reactions, growth, reproduction and respiration, in a living organism is
biochemistry
inorganic chemistry
anatomy
organic chemistry
30
Molecules in the body that serve as building blocks that connect form larger, complex compound
saccharides
monomers
polymers
lipids
31
Which of the following is created by chemically uniting two different elements?
compound
atom
element
molecule
32
What ingredient that are likely to block or clog the pores and contribute to pimples?
non-comedogenic
comedogenic
hypoallergenic
antibacterial
33
products formed when two or more nonmixable substances are united with a binder
saturation
suspension
emulsion
aerosol
34
What is the liquid part of a solution called?
solvent
suspension
saturation point
solute
35
The chemical behavior of an atom depends mostly on the:
number of neutrons only
number of electrons in the innermost shell
number of electrons in the outermost shell
number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
36
The term that describes when a solute will no longer dissolve evenly in the solvent is the
saturation point
homogeneous dispersion
miscible solvent
suspension
37
Which of the following means the product is less likely to provoke an allergic reaction
antibacterial
allergenic
hypoallergenic
hypoallergenic
38
Acids or bases used to adjust the desired product pH level are called:
comedogenic
active ingredients
non-comedogenic
pH adjustors
39
Which of the following examples of silicone makes a product feel soft, especially sunscreens?
coloring agents
botanicals
vitamins
lighteners
40
matter that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical reaction called?
neutrons
elements
electrons
atoms
41
All of the following are examples of lipids
EXCEPT:
triglycerides
steroids
fats
liquids
42
All of the following statements about carbohydrates are true
EXCEPT:
they are used by the body to store energy
they play a key role in metabolism
a combination of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen in a chain
they include monosaccharides such as glucose
43
Solvents that easily mix together are called:
emulsions
suspensions
immiscible
miscible
44
smallest particle of a compound that contains all of the chemical properties of that compound?
molecule
neutron
element
atom
45
ingredients delivers anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-irritant and antioxidant benefits?
lighteners
hydroxy acids
botanicals
vitamins
46
Products packaged under pressure and blended with a gas inside a container are called:
aerosols
ointments
sticks
gels
47
When positive and negative ions join, they are held together by a(n):
ionic bond
compound
covalent bond
oxidation-reduction reaction
48
A simple unit of a carbohydrate is called
polysaccharide
disaccharide
monosaccharide
saccharide
49
All of the following statements are true about liquids
EXCEPT:
they have definite shape
take the shape of the container in which they are poured
have definite volume
have definite weight
50
The term that describes when a solute will no longer dissolve evenly in the solvent is the:
miscible solvent
homogeneous dispersion
saturation point
suspension