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New Nixon AP Biology Molecules of Life Flashcards | StudBud
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New Nixon AP Biology Molecules of Life
New Nixon AP Biology Molecules of Life
40 terms
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StudBud Administration
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A quiz on the chemistry of life and associated molecules.
Flashcards
40 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
40
Answers
1
Which of these is not a lipid?
triglyceride
lactase
phospholipids
steroids
2
Which is a Sulfhydryl?
-SH2
-S2
-S2H
-SH
3
What provides the information necessary to specify the three-dimensional shape of a protein?
The protein's interaction with molecular chaperones
the protein's interactions with other polypeptides
The protein's amino acid sequence
The protein's peptide bonds
4
When placed in water, the nonpolar (hydrophobic) amino acids of a protein tend to be:
removed
tucked away inside the protein
exposed on the outside of the protein.
distributed randomly throughout the protein.
5
Which is a Carbonyl group?
-C
-C2
-C-O
-C=O
6
In proteins, elements of secondary structure combine to form a(n)
alpha helix
beta sheet
alpha helices and beta pleated sheets.
disulfide bridges
7
What are the properties of hydrocarbons?
Hydrophobic, nonpolar, good source of stored energy
hydrophilic, good source of stored energy
hydrophilic, containing numerous carboxyl groups, nonpolar
hydrophobic, containing numerous amine groups, polar
8
Which is an organic molecule?
HCl
H2O
NaCl
CH4
9
Which functional group is nonpolar?
Amino
Methyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
10
What level/s of protein structure are affected by denaturing
secondary
secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
secondary and tertiary
primary
11
In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of bond would join two amino acids together?
phosphodiester bond
peptide bond
ester linkage
hydrogen bond
12
Which is a hydroxyl group?
-H
-OH
-H2O
-H2
13
What type of molecule of life carries out catalysis chemical reactions in biological systems?
lipids called steroids
proteins called enzymes
nucleic acids called DNA
carbohydrates called starches
14
With respect to starch, glucose is a
monomer
polymer
polysaccaride
disaccharide
15
DNA backbones are chains of 5-carbon sugars and phosphate groups linked by ____ bonds.
peptide bond
ester linkage
glycosidic linkage
phosphodiester
16
Triacylglycerol contains fatty acids and
glucose
glycogen
glycerol
guanine
17
Why is Carbon the most common element in organic chemistry?
It has a low electronegativity
It is a very common element on Earth
It can form four bonds
It is able to bond with many elements
18
What are the six most important chemical elements of life?
carbon, nitrogen, calcium, zinc, iron, hydrogen
carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, iron, magnesium
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, phosphate, sulfur
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, phosphate, hydrogen
19
What Functional groups are in all amino acids?
Carboxyl and hydroxyl
Carbonyl and Amino
Carboxyl and Amino
Amino and hydroxyl
20
Which is a carboxyl group?
-HCO2
-CHO2
-COOH
-CO2H
21
All of the following are true of protein denaturation except that it
is a shape change
could result from a temperature change
is always irreversible
may be caused by a pH change
22
Which part of an amino acid gives it its unique properties?
Amino Group
Carboxyl Group
Hydroxyl Group
Side Chain
23
Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in DNA but is NOT found in RNA?
guanine
adenine
uracil
thymine
24
What happens during a hydrolysis reaction?
protein coils into its secondary structure
the bond between two subunits of a macromolecule is broken
water breaks ionic bonds
a bond is formed between two subunits of a macromolecule
25
Which is a phosphate group?
-PO
-P
-PO4
-PO2
26
The empirical formula for carbohydrates is
(CH20)n
(CnHnOn)2
C6H12O6
(CHO)2
27
The group of molecules called nucleotides contain:
nitrogenous base
pentose (a 5-carbon sugar).
all
phosphate groups.
28
In nucleic acids, the purine nitrogenous bases are
uracil and thymine
cytosine and guanine
adenine and guanine
guanine and thymine
29
At what level(s) of protein structure would you expect to find disulfide bridges?
quaternary
both primary and secondary
both tertiary and quaternary
secondary
30
Which is an amino group?
-N2
-H2N2
-COOH
-NH2
31
The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is called the ___ structure.
quaternary
primary
secondary
tertiary
32
The simple globular shape of the protein that involves R-groups and a single polypeptide is called the _____ structure.
Tertiary
Quaternary
Secondary
Primary
33
In a DNA molecule, what type of bonds hold together nitrogenous bases in the middle of the double helix together?
ionic
peptide
hydrogen
covalent
34
Which is a methyl group?
-NH2
-COOH
-OH
-CH3
35
Which parts of amino acids are involved in peptide bonds?
The amino group on both amino acids
amino group on one amino acid and carboxyl group on the other amino acid
The carboxyl group on both amino acids
carboxyl on one amino acid and the side chain on the other amino acid
36
Which element is always associated with organic chemistry?
Hydrogen
Carbon
Chlorine
Oxygen
37
What level/s of protein structure are affected by DNA mutations?
primary only
only quaternary
primary and secondary only
all levels
38
What is the difference between DNA and RNA sugar?
RNA sugar has more carbon
DNA sugar has one more oxygen
RNA sugar has one more oxygen
DNA sugar has more carbon
39
Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base attached to a:
sulfhydryl group
pentose sugar
phosphate group
glucose
40
There are several levels of protein structure, the most complex of which is
Quaternary
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary