Jewish and Christian Women in the Ancient Mediterranean

Question 1

The NT Greek word that is translated "deacon" for men is often translated "servant/helper" for ______. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

Phoebe

Question 2

While many have died violently only a few are remembered as martyrs. Martyrs require a ______________. [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

text (or discourse)

Question 3

Following Paul's death, Pauline "fan-fic" went in two opposite directions, based on ____________. [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

views of asceticism

Question 4

From Hellenism to late Roman antiquity, women's status went through a _______. [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

decline overall, with exceptions

Question 5

What is the textbook's working definition of feminism? [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

Feminism is the radical notion that women are people.

Question 6

Scholars prefer the term "Jesus movement" for Christians before the year ___________. [ch 2 Religious Systems]

Accepted Answer

100 CE

Question 7

Which hermeneutic asks about a text's and audience's context at the time of writing? [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

historical criticism

Question 8

This person (500s CE) seems responsible for associating Mary Magdalene falsely with sex work. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

Pope Gregory

Question 9

Which group of Jewish women and men ascetics did 1st-century Jewish philosopher Philo write about? [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

The Therapeutae

Question 10

Which Greek philosophy lends itself very well to the notion of noble death? [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

Stoicism

Question 11

Two "texts of terror" in the NT could include Revelation's treatment of _________ and ____________. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

Jezebel and Babylon

Question 12

Who wrote The Myth of Persecution which shows that sometimes exaggerated persecution forms identity? [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

Candida Moss

Question 13

She identified four types of literary silencing of women. [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

Tal Ilan

Question 14

Around the beginning of the Common Era, a new genre featuring women main characters became popular. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

the novel or novella

Question 15

What do you call history "from below" (history that tries to uncover the past of non-elites?) [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

a people's history

Question 16

What did the Babatha archives contain? [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

legal documents belonging to a female landowner named Babatha

Question 17

She collaborated closely with Pharisees and was a military, diplomatic, and popular Hasmonaean ruler. [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

Queen Salome (Shelamzion) Alexandra

Question 18

What do Socrates, Maccabaean mother & 7 sons, Masada warriors, and Perpetua have in common? [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

They all have noble death stories, but not all technically martyrdoms.

Question 19

All readers have a disposition towards any texts. No one can escape this ________________ [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

positionality

Question 20

A ______ was a marriage contract that early Jews and Christians signed to protect all parties. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

ketubah

Question 21

She is blamed in the gospels for John the Baptist's death but in Josephus, Antipas gets all the blame. [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

Herodias

Question 22

Which of the following is not a trait of early Jewish and Christian martyr texts? [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

The persecuting authority usually converts to Judaism or Christianity.

Question 23

According to textual evidence, Essenes were all men, but ___________ evidence suggests there were women. [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

archaeological

Question 24

Martyrdom texts are heavily gendered, with the tyrants ______________ and the victims rendered manly. [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

emasculated or feminized

Question 25

In pluralistic times, Jews wrote books encouraging ____________ (marrying inside your kinship group). [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

endogamy

Question 26

In 1977, __________ published an article to correct Junia the apostle's name back to a female one. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

Bernadette Brooten

Question 27

Ravens/Lilies. Ninevite men/Southern Queen. Man loses Sheep/woman loses Coin. What are these? [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

gender-pairs of Jesus

Question 28

The resurrection stories in the 2 earliest __________ have only women, but the later two add men. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

gospels

Question 29

Which hermeneutical lens might ask how masculinity is being constructed in the text? [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

a gender lens

Question 30

Which Roman-era writing technology is most like the modern-day book? [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

the codex

Question 31

Jesus left no writings, but we are most likely to find some of his authentic words in the________. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

Synoptic Gospels

Question 32

When we hear of Jesus' sayings material in the Q gospel, what does the Q stand for? [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

Quelle (German for "source")

Question 33

Blood outside the body was polluting in ancient religions. A _________ was a pool for ritual bathing. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

mikvah

Question 34

Scholar Michael Pope points out that Luke's Annunciation to Mary uses ____________ language. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

enslavement

Question 35

While there may not have been many women authors, _____ helps uncover "unusual gendered dynamics." [ch 8 Women and Lit]

Accepted Answer

The Ahuvia Test

Question 36

______ is the only woman called "apostle" in the NT. Many translations give her a fake man's name. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

Junia

Question 37

Why do we think 1 Cor. tells women what to wear when prophesying but also tells them to be silent? [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

The verse about silence was probably "interpolated" (added later).

Question 38

How many genders are mentioned in rabbinic literature? [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

6

Question 39

_________ came up with a list of recurring traits across all ancient Jewish and Christian martyr texts. [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

Jan Willem Van Henten

Question 40

Which hermeneutic asks what a text's relationship is to empire. [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

a postcolonial lens

Question 41

Which martyr gets a chance to save her children but instead encourages them in Hebrew to die for Torah? [ch 9 martyrdom]

Accepted Answer

the mother in 2 Maccabees

Question 42

What do we call the bundle of personal papyri that belonged to a 2nd-century landowner and businesswoman? [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

The Babatha Archives

Question 43

The _________ was head of a household and therefore its cult but in practice the wife did the rituals. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

paterfamilias

Question 44

The one place in Mediterranean antiquity where women's voices were always heard was __________. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

at funerals, as professional mourners

Question 45

The Bible never mentions abortion but _________ punishes violence leading to accidental miscarriage. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

Exodus

Question 46

Who is a famous woman Torah scholar who appears in rabbinic literature? [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

Beruriah

Question 47

Which Roman emperor enacted a series of "moral reforms" that clamped down on women's freedoms? [ch 2 Religious Systems]

Accepted Answer

Augustus

Question 48

True or false: There were only 12 close disciples who travelled with Jesus and they were all male. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

False

Question 49

A mild form of literary silencing where a male character is introduced to detract from a woman. [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

paling

Question 50

Patriarchy describes political and cultural domination by men and the masculine. What is kyriarchy? [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

Kyriarchy, coined by E. Schussler Fiorenza, means "rule by lords/masters."

Question 51

The main way Mary Magdalene is remembered in extra-canonical gospels is as a ________________. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

teacher

Question 52

1 Thessalonians, Galatians, 1 Corinthians, Philippians, 2 Corinthians, Romans, and Philemon. [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

These are undisputed or genuine Pauline epistles.

Question 53

What term means sidelining scholarship about women and not crediting the work of women scholars? [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

The Brooten Phenomenon

Question 54

The oldest NT books are Paul's letters, but they don't say as much about Jesus as the later ______ [ch 6 Jesus Movement]

Accepted Answer

gospels

Question 55

Why are some of Paul's letters gender-egalitarian but others enforce strict Roman Household codes? [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

scholars think the pastoral epistles are forgeries

Question 56

The _______ prioritize the mother in the case of abortion, but patristic authors prioritize the fetus. [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

rabbis in the Mishnah

Question 57

What do Susanna, Greek Esther, Aseneth, and Judith have in common? [ch 7 Daily Life]

Accepted Answer

They are all female protagonists in Hellenistic Jewish novellas.

Question 58

Which of the following is not a common hermeneutic (lens or interpretive approach)? [ch 4 Accessing Sources]

Accepted Answer

Feminine Criticism

Question 59

What do classicists call the sliding vertical gender scale with the category "vir" at the top? [Ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

the one-gender model

Question 60

Which section of the Christian Bible consists of 27 books written after Jesus' lifetime? [ch 3 Bodies of Lit]

Accepted Answer

The New Testament

Question 61

Identify this image. Used by permission of artist Hillary Wilson. [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

The Prader scale for determining assigned sex at birth.

Question 62

1st-century historian Josephus is an almost completely unbiased source for details about ancient women. [ch 5 Judaism]

Accepted Answer

False

Question 63

The attitude towards marriage in the undisputed letters of Paul is ambivalent to slightly negative. [ch 10 2nd century]

Accepted Answer

True

Question 64

What is a text? [ch 1 Introduction]

Accepted Answer

any evidence, material or literary, that must be "read" (i.e. interpreted)

Jewish and Christian Women in the Ancient Mediterranean

Questions 71

Jewish and Christian Women in the Ancient Mediterranean

Questions 71