A mother asks the nurse what the Denver Developmental Screening test is. The DDST:

Is used to measure developmental status

Electrolytes: Presents with muscle weakness, constipation, postural hypotension, dysrhythmias.

Hypokalemia <3.5mEq/L Potassium

The nurse on a unit identifies which pt. as having the highest risk for metabolic alkalosis?

A patient with nasogastric tube suction

Which is the best description of the scope of the concept of functional ability?

Continuum from complete independence to complete dependence

Which factors can alter bowel and urinary elimination patterns in adult patients? Select all

Impaired mobility, Cognitive disorders

When obtaining a reproductive health history from a female patient, the nurse should:

explain the purpose of questions and how information is used

Why is inflammation often confused with infection?

Many pathophysiologic processes are shared.

You are teaching a pt. how to help healing after abdominal surgery. What is part of teaching?

Eat more protein, and vitamins C, B, & A to aide healing.

Which of the following patients is at higher risk for inflammatory reactions?

A 54 year old man with diabetes

What is the goal of the professional nurse in the team leader role?

Positive outcomes and patient satisfaction

What initial interventions should you teach the patient for treatment of a soft tissue injury?

Rest, ice, compression, and elevation

Pt. has watery diarrhea. Which statement would indicate that the teaching has been effective?

"I need to drink liquids with some sodium in them."

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Nursing Concepts Final Exam Review- Semester 1

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Questions 102

Answers

1
Which of tool is the best measure to determine a patient's gas exchange and respitary function?
Oxygen Saturation
Central Venous Pressure monitoring
Arterial Blood Gases (ABG)
Chest X-Ray
2
Grading Muscle strength, what rating is given to a pt. with complete ROM with some resistance?
2
1
4
3
3
Pt. says he is great, but is biting his nails & fidgeting. What type of communication is this?
Paralinguistic
Explicit
Linguistic
Inadequate
4
This is the core aspect of collaborative practice
Education
Team Work
Ethics
Communication
5
What group is primarily protected under the laws that regulate nursing practice?
People with health problems
The public
Practicing nurses
The employing agency
6
A mother asks the nurse what the Denver Developmental Screening test is. The DDST:
Is used to measure developmental status
Identifies needs for therapy
Is used to asses social & emotional development
Identifies problems with ADL’s
7
Which assessment is of highest priority for the nurse to complete before admin. of morphine?
Respiratory rate
Pain rating
Level of consciousness
Blood pressure
8
Electrolytes: Presents with muscle weakness, constipation, postural hypotension, dysrhythmias.
Hypocalcemia <9mEq/L Calcium
Hypernatremia >145mEq/L Sodium
Hyperkalemia >5.0 mEq/L Potassium
Hypokalemia <3.5mEq/L Potassium
9
Painful and difficult urination is characterized as:
Oliguria
Enuresis
Anuria
Dysuria
10
Which symptom reported a patient correlates with the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes?
Overwhelming fatigue
Recurrent blurred vision
Excessive thirst
Gradual weight gain
11
The nurse on a unit identifies which pt. as having the highest risk for metabolic alkalosis?
A patient with nasogastric tube suction
A patient with a traumatic brain injury
A patient with acute respiratory failure
A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus
12
Which are clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia in a pt? (select all that apply.)?
Facial spasms
Paresthesia
Weakness
Depressed reflexes
13
Which is the best description of the scope of the concept of functional ability?
Levels of function within the family and the community
Continuum from complete independence to complete dependence
Ability to perform basic and advanced ADLs
Capacity to perform specific self-care behaviors
14
A postoperative patient wants a snack. What snack should you give that will help wound healing?
Popsicle
Custard
Potato chips
Apple
15
An event that results in unintended harm to the pt. by act of commission or omission
Sentinel Event
Adverse Event
Diagnostic Error
Near Miss
16
The principle of respect for the individual person
Autonomy
Veracity
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
17
Child uses 2-4 word sentences. This is normal for a child the age of
1 Year
6 months
2 years
3 years
18
------- is whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he says it does.
Sensation
Magic
Perception
Pain
19
What is the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health?
High-level wellness
Health promotion
Primary prevention
Community care
20
Which factors can alter bowel and urinary elimination patterns in adult patients? Select all
Antidepressant medications
Sedentary lifestyle
Impaired mobility
Cognitive disorders
21
Pain noted as shooting,burning,or numbness, constant in extremities, like diabetic neuropathy.
Neuropathic
Nociceptive pain
Mixed pain syndrome
Chronic pain
22
What is the most modifiable risk factor for the development of impaired gas exchange?
Use of opiod analgesis
Age
Smoking Cessation
Immobility
23
Type of isolation precautions for a patient receiving chemotherapy that is immunocompromised.
Neutropenic
Contact
Droplet
Airbourne
24
Occurs w/ loss of alkaline fluid thru diarrhea & manifested by lethargy & Kussmaul breathing.
Metabolic Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Kidney Failure
Mild dehydration
25
This scale consists of 6 cartoon faces with word descriptions ranging from smiling to tearful.
Wong-Baker FACES scale
Pain quality scale
Verbal descriptor scale
Numeric rating scale
26
When obtaining a reproductive health history from a female patient, the nurse should:
limit the time spent on exploration of intimate topics.
explain the purpose of questions and how information is used
avoid asking questions that may embarrass the patient
use medical terminology when referring to body functions.
27
During an otoscopic examination on an infant, in which direction is the pinna pulled?
Up and forward
Down and forward
Up and back
Down and back
28
An acute infection is described as which type of infection?
Limited to a specific body area
Resolves within several days
Incurable in some instances
Spreads throughout the body
29
Why is inflammation often confused with infection?
Prostaglandin hormone mediates both.
They produce comparable immune dysfunction.
Purulent drainage is frequently present.
Many pathophysiologic processes are shared.
30
A patient has rubor of an area of injury on the left lower extremity. The redness is caused by
extravasation
Vasodilation
Exudate
Neutrophils
31
This mean promoting goodness, kindness, and charity
Veracity
Autonomy
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
32
The nurse teaches helmet use in a high school class as an example of which strategies?
Primary prevention
Rehabilitation
Tertiary prevention
Secondary prevention
33
Signs and symptoms of this type of stress include smoking, overeating, and substance abuse
Behavioral
Emotional
Physiological
Psychological
34
What is primary prevention of impaired perfusion?
Administering Lasix to a patient with heart failure.
Monitoring blood serum lipids.
Eating healthy and exercising
Routine Blood pressure monitoring.
35
You are teaching a pt. how to help healing after abdominal surgery. What is part of teaching?
Take the antibiotic until the wound feels better.
Eat more protein, and vitamins C, B, & A to aide healing.
Take the analgesic every day to promote rest for healing.
Rub some dirt on it
36
Errors that are more organizational or design related. (Blunt End)
Latent Errors
Active Errors
Preventative Errors
Treatment Errors
37
Patient complaining of nausea and diarrhea. Which is a sign of dehydration?
Jugular Vein distension
Decreased patellar reflexes
Flat veins when upright
Positive Trousseau sign
38
Which of the following is an essential defining difference between delirium and dementia?
Disturbance in consciousness
Occurrence of sundowning syndrome
Presence of delusions
Incoherent speech
39
Diabetic ketoacidosis, the lungs try to compensate by blowing off acids and CO2. This is called
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Central apnea
Kussmaul respirations
Hypoventilation
40
Which assessment finding indicates dehydration in a hospitalized client with severe diarrhea?
Skin Tenting
Moist Skin
Edema
Pallor
41
This communication promotes understanding& relationships that lead to positive patient outcomes
Intrapersonal Communication
Assertive Communication
Interpersonal Communication
Therapeutic Communication
42
Which of the following patients is at higher risk for inflammatory reactions?
A 54 year old woman in menopause
A 2 year old girl
A 54 year old man with diabetes
A 38 year old man who is obese
43
Which indicates optimal cerebral tissue perfusion on a patient in the ICU?
Radial Pulse 80
Oriented times 3
Warm extremities
Altered mental status
44
Telling the truth in personal communication
Nonmaleficence
Autonomy
Beneficence
Veracity
45
What is the goal of the professional nurse in the team leader role?
Compliance with physicians
Positive outcomes and patient satisfaction
Satisfied physical therapists and occupational therapists
Social service referrals for home care
46
What initial interventions should you teach the patient for treatment of a soft tissue injury?
Antipyretic and antibiotic drug therapy
Active movement and exercise to prevent stiffness
Warm, moist heat and massage
Rest, ice, compression, and elevation
47
Tertiary prevention measure is included in the plan of care for patient diagnosed with asthma?
Safe sex practices
Cholesterol screening
Glaucoma screening
Eliminating allergens
48
Episodes of pain that occur before the next analgesic dose is due are called
breakthrough pain
Incident pain
idiopathic pain
end-of-dose failure pain
49
Pt. does not make eye contact w/ you & folds his arms across his chest. Type of communication?
A message filter
Social skills
A cultural barrier
Nonverbal communication
50
Focuses on early identification of health problems in order to initiate prompt interventions?
Health Promotion
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Collaborative Intervention
51
Pt. has watery diarrhea. Which statement would indicate that the teaching has been effective?
"I need to drink liquids with some sodium in them."
"I should avoid fruits with potassium in them."
"I should drink a lot of tap water today."
"I need to take more calcium tablets today."
52
Nurse is caring for a patient complaining of pain. What should she do next?
Assess the level of pain
Administer pain medications before getting the patient up.
Reposition the patient.
Maintain bed rest.
53
A pt. complains of nausea and vomiting. Which acid-base imbalance do you anticipate in this pt?
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
54
With type 2 diabetes, what does "type 2" mean?
With type 2 diabetes, the body of the pancreas is inflamed.
Patient is totally dependent on an outside source of insulin
Body produces antibodies that destroy β-cells in pancreas
Insulin secretion is decreased & resistance is increased
55
Tricuspid valve is best heard over what area of the chest?
2nd ICS left sternal border
5th ICS midclavicular line
4th ICS left lateral sternal border
1st ICS right sternal border
56
During school age years, kids understand concepts that are seen or illustrated.This thinking is
concrete operations.
formal operations.
preoperational.
school-age rhetoric.
57
The nurse should document which physiologic stressor after performing a screening on a patient?
Divorce
Caregiving of parent
Dementia
Death of friend
58
You ask a pt. w/ vertigo. “Have you ever seen a neurologist?”This is what type of assessment ?
Focused
Health
Emergency
Comprehensive
59
The nurse is concerned about the use of restraints. Which principle applies to this situation?
Fidelity
Justice
Autonomy
Beneficence
60
System's explicit value of reporting errors without punishment.
High reliability organizations
Just Culture
Health care quality
Crew resource management
61
These microbe don't usually cause infection in a healthy person and are part of normal flora?
Viral
Parasitic
Bacterial
Fungal
62
Nurse teaches staff that standard precautions are used if providing care for which type of pt?
Pediatric and gerontologic patients
Patients with a history of infectious diseases
All patients regardless of diagnosis
Patients who are immunocompromised
63
Clinical manifestations of systemic inflammation in a client with lower extremity cellulitis?
Complaints of pain LLE
Swollen LLE
Oral Temp of 101.5 F
Warm/ Red LLE
64
What type of care would be most appropriate for the client living with a chronic condition?
Comfort Care
Hospice Care
End of life Care
Palliative Care
65
A patient asks the nurse about circulation and perfusion. What is the nurse's best response?
Perfusion assists the body by preventing clots.
Perfusion assists the cell by delivering O2 &removing waste.
Perfusion assists the heart by increasing the cardiac output
Perfusion assists the brain by increasing mental alertness.
66
ALL are individual risk factors for impaired cognition EXCEPT:
Congenital and genetic conditions
Socioeconomic Factors
Environmental Factors
Health conditions and disabilities
67
An action is right if it leads to the greatest good consequences or the least bad consequences
utilitarianism
autonomy
deontology.
veracity.
68
Primary Prevention of impaired cognition includes: (Select all)
Screening for underlying diseases
Avoiding risky behavior
Promoting healthy lifestyle
Don't bang your head on your desk while studying!
69
A 30 item, 10 minute questionnaire to measure cognitive impairment and progression of disease.
Controlled Word Association Test (COWAT)
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Severe Impairment Battery (SIB)
Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale (BDS)
70
Woman who has completed 1 pregnancy with fetus reaching the stage of fetal viability is called
primigravida.
primipara.
multipara.
nulligravida.
71
According to available research, which is a primary risk factor for cognitive impairment?
Caucasian
Advancing age
Northern European ancestry
Female gender
72
Applying the best available research results when making decisions about healthcare is called:
Interpreting results
Evidence-based practice
Deep Understanding
Reflection-in-action
73
This care is responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values.
Quality care
Individual Care
Patient Centered Care
I Don't Care
74
The flow of blood through the arteries and capillaries delivering nutrients and O2 to cells.
Gas Exchange
Life support
Perfusion
Oxygenation
75
Which factors differentiate developmental disability from developmental anomaly? Select all!
Time of on set
Area involved
Duration
Severity
76
Electrolytes: Impaired cerebral function, decreased LOC, Thirst, seizures if severe.
Hypomagnesemia <1.5mEq/L Magnesium
Hyponatremia <130mEq/L Sodium
Hypercalcemia >11mg/dL Calcium
Hypernatremia >145mEq/L Sodium
77
What is one of the most important recommendations the nurse can make about bladder health?
Drink 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated fluids daily.
Exercise in the morning and evening.
Visit the urologist once yearly.
Eat foods high in fiber.
78
Which should you include in plan of care for a pt. who is paraplegic w/ stage 3 pressure ulcer?
Use a 10-mL syringe to irrigate the pressure ulcer.
Maintain protein intake of at least 1.25 g/kg/day
Irrigate the pressure ulcer with hydrogen peroxide.
Keep the pressure ulcer clean and dry
79
A situation in which a cultural group loses its identity to become part of a dominant culture:
assimilation
cultural relativism.
acculturation
ethnocentrism
80
Problem for which in order to do something right you heave to do something wrong.
Ethical Principles
Ethical Problem
Ethical dilema
Ethical requirement
81
The nurse uses clinical judgment to compare actual and expected nursing outcomes to:
Determine if the health problems have been treated.
Determine if progress is made or if revisions are needed.
Prepare the patient to be discharged from the facility.
Calculate charges during the patient's hospital stay.
82
Patient suddenly becomes agitated and confused. Which action should the nurse takes first?
Notify the health care provider.
Check pupils for reaction to light.
Assess oxygenation using pulse oximetry.
Attempt to calm and reorient the patient
83
Which of the following is a physiological consequence of impaired gas exchange:
Necrotic fingers & toes
A bounding pulse
Shock
Hypoxia
84
Which question asked by the nurse will give the most information about a patient's pain?
How much medication do you take for the pain?
Can you describe your pain?
How long have you had this pain?
How many times a day do you take medication for the pain?
85
Sensory perception-Populations at risk?
Very young
Middle age adults
Adolescents
Older population
86
Which modifications to an assessment could the nurse try first for an uncooperative child?
Allow the parents to assist
Ask another nurse to assess the child
Walk away until the child calms down
Restrain the child’s arms
87
During infancy and childhood, which nutrients are critical for the musculoskeletal development?
Protein and calcium
Vitamins and minerals
Zinc and potassium
Fats and carbohydrates
88
Which older adult populations should have an assessment of functional ability? Select all
Those with multiple coexistent health problems
Those with a change in mental status
Those older than age 75
Those who live alone
89
Which best describes Piaget’s cognitive stage of formal operations?
Deductive and abstract reasoning
Transductive reasoning and egocentrism
Cause-and-effect reasoning and object permanence
Inductive reasoning and beginning logic
90
Which statement about gas exchange is true? Gas Exchange:
Is monitored by O2 sat. and Respiratory Rate
Delivers nutrients & O2 by blood flow
Is divided into central & local categories
Is the death of tissue without the ability to regenerate
91
The regulator of extracellular osmolarity is what?
Chloride
Potassium
Calcium
Sodium
92
Pt. returns after a kidney transplant, how often should you measure his urinary output?
Every 2 hours
Every 15 minutes
Every Hour
Every 30 minutes
93
Professionalism exemplars related to leadership include which attribute?
Respectful
Licensed
Influential
Therapeutic
94
A mammogram and a pap smear are which type of prevention?
Primary prevention
Illness prevention
Tertiary prevention
Secondary prevention
95
Pt. having severe, acute asthma episode. Began 2 hours ago. What blood gas values are expected?
pH low, PaCO2 low, HCO3- low
pH low, PaCO2 high, HCO3- normal
pH high, PaCO2 high, HCO3- high
pH low, PaCO2 high, HCO3- high
96
The patient has severe metabolic alkalosis. Which intervention has the highest priority?
Administer intravenous NaHCO3 as ordered.
Raise the side rails on the patient's bed.
Teach the family about metabolic alkalosis
Measure the urine output and skin turgor.
97
Which patient is most at risk for the development of a pressure ulcer?
Adult with type 1 diabetes mellitus admitted w/ ketoacidosis
A thin man in a halo cast after a motor vehicle accident
An older patient who is septic, bedridden, and incontinent
An obese woman with leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy
98
When a pt is experiencing metabolic acidosis , what response should you expect to assess?
Vomiting
Decreased heart rate
Increased respiratory rate
Increased urination
99
What is the priority concern that the nurse should address a cognitively impaired patient?
Promoting at least 6 hours of sleep a night
Managing the patient's pain from arthritis
Encouraging an oral intake of 1200 calories per day
Supervising medication administration
100
"A problem for which in order to do something right you have to do something wrong"?
Ethical dilemma
Justice
Veracity
Fidelity
101
Postoperatively what will you encourage a pt. to prevent complications of Pneumonia?
Use the incentive spirometer if they are not in pain
Stay in bed
Turn, cough & deep breath every 2hrs.
Wear SCD’s when out of bed
102
A diabetic pt. asks how exercise affects insulin & dietary needs. You share that exercise:
Decreases need for insulin& decreases need for carbohydrates
Increases need for carbohydrates& decreases need for insulin
Increases need for insulin& increases need for carbohydrates
Decreases need for carbohydrates &does not affect insulin

Nursing Concepts Final Exam Review- Semester 1 Flashcards | StudBud