stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
AP World History Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
AP World History Review
AP World History Review
118 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
219 plays
Unit II AP World History Review
Flashcards
118 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
118
Answers
1
The introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds gave way to
Scientific Revolution
Commercial Revolution
Enlightenment
Renaissance
2
The art, music, and philosophy of the medieval period in Europe generally dealt with
religious themes
classic Greek and Roman subjects
human scientific achievements
materialism
3
As the Middle Ages ended, the rise of a middle class in W Euro can be attributed to the
self-sufficiency of the manor system
economic policies of the Roman Empire
strength of Christianity in medieval Euro
increase in trade that resulted from the Crusades
4
The Middle Ages in W Europe was characterized by
extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East
decreased emphasis on religion in daily life
the manor system and land ownership
absolute monarchies
5
A study of Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas would show that these ancient American civilizations
rivaled the accomplishments of Middle Eastern cultures
produced few cultural achievements
welcomed the new technology brought by Euro explorers
lived at peace with their neighbors
6
Which political system is associated with Europe from 900-1200 and Japan from 1600-1868
feudalism
communism
socialism
manorialism
7
During the early Middle Ages, W European societies were most influences by
national monarchies
elected parliaments
the Byzantine emperors
the Roman Catholic Church
8
Which style of architecture includes by stained windows, flying buttresses, and pointed arches?
Corinthian
Ionic
neoclassical
Gothic
9
What are two indirect results of the Crusades?
The Feudal system strengthened
Trade declined and feudal system was weakened
Trade and commerce declined
Trade increased and the feudal system was weakened
10
"From S Spain, across N Africa, occupying Arabian peninsula to SE Asia" once described the
Aztec Empire
Gupta Empire
Muslim world
Pax Romana
11
Which empire had the greatest influence on the history and cultural development of Russia?
Assyrian
Holy Roman
Ottoman
Byzantine
12
Which factor contributed to the decline in power of European nobles in the late Middle Ages?
rise of nation-states
collapse of international trade
decreasing importance of towns and cities
increase in influence of serfs
13
Which economic system is shown in this diagram?
laissez-faire capitalism
socialism
mercantalism
manorialism
14
The Tang, the Gupta, and the Mali were similar in that each experienced a period of
prosperity and artistic creativty
feudalism and oppression
war and constant invasion
mercantilism and industrial expansion
15
The map shows that the Mongol Empire stretched across
South America and Asia
Africa and Southeast Asia
North America and Europe
Europe and Asia
16
The Byzantine Empire
led Crusades to capture Rome from the Huns
adapted the Roman principles of justice
used a senate as the chief governing body
Helped maintain Roman rule over W Europe
17
Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the medieval church in W Europe was criticized for
sponsoring exploration to the Middle East
allowing the Bible to be printed and distributed to people
being too concerned with worldly power and riches
refusing to sell indulgences to peasants
18
What generalization about Latin American geography is correct?
Harsh climates prevented the development of agriculture
Geographic features prevented foreign imperialism
Lack of barriers facilitated extensive communication
Variation in land forms resulted in diverse climates
19
A study of early African and Asian civilizations shows that
large cities were not established until Europeans came
religion had little developmental influence
societies usually developed along river valleys
men and women had equal employment opportunities
20
Which POV best represents the philosophy behind the Renaissance?
Class distinctions in society should be re-examined
The Catholic Church should be questioned and re-evaluated
The Greek and Roman civilizations are worthy of study
Religious doctrines should not be questioned
21
Under colonialism, colonial powers considered their colonies to be
independent nations with special privileges
independent trade partners
possessions to the detriment of the imperial power
possessions to be exploited
22
Which was a characteristic of feudalism?
Government was provided by a bureaucracy of civil servants
Court systems were developed
Land was exchanged for military service and obligations
Power rested in the hands of a strong central government
23
In medieval Japan and medieval Europe, the feudal system was dominated by
warrior aristocrats
peasant farmers
middle class merchants
radical revolutionaries
24
One principle in the theory of mercantilism is that colonies should be
encouraged to develop their own industries
considered an economic burden for the colonial power
granted independence as soon as possible
acquired as markets and sources of raw materials
25
Humanism was
embracing the separation of church and state
appreciation for the worth of the individual
belief in the supremacy of the collective
a rejection of ancient civilizations
26
In the Renaissance period, which factor was emphasized by the philosophy of humanism?
superiority of medieval thought
value of the individual
devotion to religion
obedience to gov't officials
27
Which system developed as a result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?
mercantalism
manorilaism
market economy
absolutism
28
Which statement best explains why Byzantine influences strongly affected Russia and E Europe
early Russia settlements located btwn Baltic and Black Sea
Russian minorities converted the Byzantine Empire to Islam
Byzantine empire spread democracy to Russia
Rulers in W Europe refused to trade with E Europe
29
Which idea was shared by the ancient Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations?
mercantilism
direct democracy
practicing rituals to please the gods
equality among the social classes
30
Which statement best describes the role of the Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages?
The Church provided a sense of stability, unity, and order
Church leaders were involved only in spiritual activities
The Church gained influence as people became more secular
The Church encouraged individuals to question authority
31
One aspect common to both Shinto and Taoism is a
deep reverence and respect for nature
ban on the consumption of pork
belief in the reincarnation of souls
belief in one God
32
Which idea about leadership would Machiavelli most likely support?
It is better to be loved, than feared
Leaders should listen to the desire of the people
Leaders should be elected fairly and democratically
leaders should do whatever is necessary to achieve goals
33
What do the Maya, Aztec, and Inca have in common?
dedication to advancement of science
origin in the Andes Mountains
social equality
peaceful territorial expansion
34
One reason for the success of the cities in the Hanseatic League and Italy was that both were
close to a network of navigable rivers
isolated from the rest of Europe
accessible by water
protected by mountains
35
The Age of Pericles, the Gupta Empire, and the Tang dynasty experienced a golden age with
outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences
the end of foreign domination
the furthest expansion of their borders
advancements in the principles of democratic governments
36
A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades was to
capture the Holy land from Islamic rulers
establish Christianity in W Europe
strengthen English dominance of the Arab world
unite warring Arab peoples
37
In Western Europe, which development caused the other three?
breakdown of central government
decline of trade
rise in the power of the Roman Catholic Church
fall of Rome
38
The Silk Road was important to China because it provided
contact with other cultures through trade
a means for the empire to expand its borders
a military route for the defense of the norther border
a means of administering the civil service exams
39
In Europe a long-term effect of the Crusades was
increased European isolation
an increased demand of goods from the East
the strengthening of the feudal system
an adoption of Islam
40
One factor that enabled the Renaissance to flourish in N Italy was that the region had
an absolutist gov't
extensive contact with the Byzantine Empire
a wealthy class invested in the arts
a shrinking aristocracy
41
Notre Dame Cathedral, the Dome of the Rock, and the Great Pyramid are examples of
influence of cultural diffusion on contemporary architecture
the influence of Buddhist architecture on conquered nations
architectural accomplishments that reflect religious beliefs
ancient architectural monuments no longer in use
42
Which factor contributed to the success of the vast empire created by the Mongols?
avoiding contact with the West
employing superior military skills
paying monetary tribute to local rulers
converting conquered peoples to Confucianism
43
What is the best conclusion based on the information provided by the map?
Islam was slow to expand from its original start in Persia
Islam has become the dominant religion in many cultures
Islam spread to religions that had culture similar to Arabia
Islam's influence is rapidly decreasing in the modern world
44
Which statement can best be supported by the existence of Songhai, Mali, Kush, and Nubia?
Natural geographic barriers prevented trade
They were entirely self-sufficient and discouraged trade
Africans established thriving civilization before Euro came
The societies were involved in violent civil wars
45
Archaeological evidence found at Tenochtitlan and Machu Picchu suggests that these socities
were highly developed and organized
consisted of hunters and gatherers
followed a democratic system
practice monotheism
46
Medieval life in Europe was characterized by
rejection of Christian teachings
a strong central government
limited social mobility
a thriving system of international trade
47
Which conclusion can be drawn from the information provided by the map?
Africa was Europe's most active trading partner
Asians and Europeans traded primarily by water routes
A network of trade routes connected centers of Euro trade
The Hanseatic league controlled trade in the Black Sea
48
The European feudal system was
supported by the labor of peasants
designed to promote political and economic equality
controlled by a powerful middle class
intended to provide opportunities for social mobility
49
"... and in the actions of men... the end justifies the means." Who wrote this?
Locke
Machiavelli
Voltaire
Montesquei
50
In what way was the Renaissance similar to the Tang dynasty?
The peasant class was instrumental in both
Warfare and insurrection characterized both
Advances in art, technology, and learning occurred
Religious reform was a major concern
51
Buildings such as the Gothic cathedrals in W Europe and the Parthenon in ancient Greece reflect
rigid social structure
belief in democracy
imperialist attitudes
cultural values
52
Egypt, Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were all similar because they were all located
in rain forest areas
in coastal areas
on major trading routes
in mountainous terrain
53
The caste system and the feudal system were similar in that both
developed concepts for natural rights
established absolutist governments
provided structure for society
promoted peace and prosperity
54
Many achievements of Islamic civilization reached European society by way of
conquests of the Germanic tribes and trade along Silk Road
merchant guilds and the Industrial Revolution
Middle Passage and the Columbian Exchange
Crusades and E Mediterranean trading networks
55
Mercantilism is best illustrated by the
economic structure of China during the Yuan dynasty
the relationship btwn Spain and Latin America
social kinship of the Ashanti people
military strategies of the Mali
56
During the Commercial Revolution, the joint stock company was developed to meet the needs of
entrepreneurship
feudalism
manorialism
mercantilism
57
From the 9th - 14th centuries, Muslim rule of conquered territories was characterized by
a decrease in trade and commerce
the toleration of members of other cultures
the creation of democratic governments
the rejection of Greek and Roman scientific works
58
Btwn 800 and 1600, the W African city of Timbuktu became prosperous with the trading of
gold and salt
rifles and diamonds
iron ore and coal
spices and silk
59
Which statement best described society under medieval Christianity and traditional Islam?
Religion played a major role only in the lives of clergy
Religion permitted the freedom to choose how people worship
Both religions influences society by expressing equality
Religion was a way of life that governed people
60
The Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages can best be described as a church that
was a stabilizing force during time of weak central powers
favored separation from secular government
was a strong force that divided many people
avoided involvement in social and educational matters
61
In Europe during the Middle Ages, increases in trade and commerce resulted in
lower living standards for industrial workers
increased political power for the clergy
development of towns and cities
decreased economic rivalry btwn kings
62
The economic policy of mercantilism first developed during the
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment
Age of Exploration
Middle Ages
63
Which groups were most closely associated with the spread of the Black Death?
bankers and explorers
missionaries and slave traders
merchants and pilgrims
soldiers and diplomats
64
The ethnocentric attitudes of the various Chinese can best be attributed to the
great culutral diversity within China's borders
failure of other nations to become interested in China
interest of Chinese scholars in other civilizations
cultural isolation of China
65
According to the map, by 750 A.D. islam had spread from
the Indus River to Spain
Cairo to Tours
Mecca to Asia Minor
Senegal to India
66
The Crusades indirectly contributed to the discovery of the New World by
stimulating European demand for goods from the East
increasing power of feudal lords
forcing Turks to flee form Constantinople
forcing religious conversion of Muslims
67
Which development led to the shortages of labor in 14 c. Europe and 16 and 17 c. N &S America?
outbreak of deadly diseases
rise of nation states
fall of Constantinople
introduction of new military
68
W Europe is indebted to this empire that ensured survival of Christianity when it was too weak
Mongol
Ottoman
Hellenistic
Byzantine
69
A study of the Byzantine civilization would show that this civilization
collapsed as a result of the Germanic invasion of Middle Age
preserved Greek and Roman learning for W and E Europe
based its economy on subsistence farming and slash-and-burn
reduced the influence of the Eastern Orthodox Church
70
What was typical of Greece during the Golden age and Italy during the Renaissance?
a questioning spirit
social mobility
universal suffrage/democracy
racial diversity
71
Which describes a direct effect of the Renaissance on W Europe?
Art to reflect increasingly religious themes
Feudalism strengthened
The Catholic Church was weakened
Nationalistic movements began to decline
72
The Byzantine Empire made its most important contribution to later civilization by
recognizing the pope as the head of the Byzantine Church
establishing trade routes to the Americas
encouraging the spread of Buddhism
preserving much of the Greco-Roman heritage
73
In both Europe and Japan, the major reason for the development of feudalism was to
provide order during a period of weak central governments
eliminate the need for a legal system
increase trade and manufacturing
consolidate the political power of the region
74
In both Mali and the Roman Republic, ____ was an important feature of life
Islam
agricultural communes
codified laws
social and political equality
75
Europeans had little impact on China's culture mainly b/c
the Europeans forbid their missionaries from going to China
the Chinese viewed their culture as superior
Confucianism prohibited the Chinese from foreign interaction
Japanese culutre had become dominant in China
76
Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
Italy was politically unified
The Catholic Church was based in Italy
Roots of the Roman Empire were revived
Italian city-states were centers of trade and manufacturing
77
Constantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because
it was geographically isolated from surrounding empires
it was a religious center for Muslims
its location made it the crossroads of Europe and Asia
the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world
78
What do these: Calcutta, Nanjing, Venice, Mogadishu have in common from 1200-1650?
centers of world trade
sites of early civilization
cities of origin for major religions
Latin American societies
79
Which phrase best describes Mali under the rule of Mansa Musa?
a golden age
a time of colonial unrest
a period of political chaos
a poverty-stricken era
80
Rome during the Pax Romana and the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages are examples of
Communist regimes
centralized powers
feudal governments
constitutional monarchies
81
Feudalism influenced Europe and Japan by
fostering the growth of religion
providing social stability
eliminating warfare
encouraging formal education
82
A major feature of the Golden Age of Muslim culture was the
persecution of Jews and Christains
development of the foundation of modern science and math
political and economic isolation of the Arab world
adoption of democratic government
83
Which statement about the social structure in Europe during the Middle Ages is most accurate?
sharp class distinctions divided European society
The nobles encouraged social mobility
the practices of the church led to classless society
industrialization led to the growth of socialism in Europe
84
One way in which the Seljuk Turks, Mongols, and Crusaders were similar is that they all
invaded the Middle East and affected its culture
succeeded in bringing democracy to the Middle East
moved through the Middle East as nomadic groups
development of feudalism in Europe
85
Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?
European renewal in learning
increase in European demands for Eastern goods
development of a European middle class
European involvement in the Crusades
86
A characteristic of both European and Japanese federalism was
the many opportunities for social mobility
a decentralized government
an open democratic society
an adoption of Christianity
87
The development of trade along the Mediterranean Sea led to the
decline of Greek city-states
beginnings of the Crusades to the Middle East
start of the Renaissance in Italy
first religious wars in Europe
88
The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from
cultural diffusion
ethnocentrism
imperialism
self-determination
89
The W African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai flourished btwn 700 and 1600 mainly b/c they
became religious centers considered sacred to Africans
controlled the trade routes across the Sahara
developed self-sufficient economies
received support from European colonial governments
90
The Commercial Revolution in W Europe led directly to the
expansion of world trade
development of a socialist economy
weakening of the power of the middle class
establishment of the guild system
91
The purpose of the Great Wall was to
control the flood waters of the Hunag he and Chang Jiang
supply food from the south to Khanbalik
protect the port city of Guangzhou
protect the Chinese from the nomadic tribes
92
Which statement best reflects the effect of colonialism in Latin America?
Markets in the colonies were closed to manufactured goods
industries in the colonies manufactured goods
The wealth of the colonial power increased at their expense
Land was distributed equally btwn the social classes
93
Which cultural element spread from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia?
democratic ideas
silk cloth
Orthodox Christianity
Latin language
94
During the 1400s, the cities of Venice, Constantinople, and Canton achieved prominence b/c
democratic gov'ts attracted trade
pleasant climates led to increase in populations
military power led to industrialization
locations were favorable for trade
95
The Sumerians, Phoenicians, and Mayans were similar in that each
established monotheistic religions
had decentralized political structures
emphasized social equality
developed writing systems
96
One similarity between the Gupta and the Tang dynasty is that each
developed a representative government
promoted equality for women
made advances in the arts, sciences, and mathematics
gained overseas colonies
97
The European feudal system represents a society based on
political ability
social class
educational achievement
accumulated wealth
98
Spain's colonial policy of mercantilism affected Latin America by promoting
the production of raw materials and cash crops
free and rapid trade with Asia and Africa
respect for the rights of the indigenous
isolationism
99
In the 16th and 17th c. in Latin America, European mercantilism lead to
rejection of Spanish culture
growth of democratic forms of gov't
opposition to the Catholic Church
exploitation of people and resources
100
In Japan btwn 1603 and 1868, the most notable action taken by the Tokugawa Shogunate was the
virtual isolation of the country from the outside world
formation of cultural links with Europe
development of extensive trade
military conquest of China
101
What can be seen form studying the Axum, Kush, Mali, and Songhai?
The Neolithic Revolution first occurred in Africa
These had rich history before European contact
Farming was more extensive in the Nile than anywhere else
The African societies flourished at the same time
102
Which was not a major characteristic of the Renaissance?
secularism
individualism
humanism
mysticism
103
One major result of the Crusades was the
long-term decrease in European trade
conversion of most Muslims to Christianity
spread of Middle Eastern culture and technology to Europe
permanent occupation of the Holy Land by Europeans
104
During the 18 and 19 c., increased contact btwn Euro and Africa, Asia and S America resulted in
a return to the political and economic systems of feudalism
preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples
the exploitation of labor and resources of these continents
closer cultural cooperation btwn Euro and these continents
105
What economic principle developed as a result of the trade routes on the map?
industrialism
manorialism
capitalism
mercantilism
106
Block printing, gunpowder, the abacus, porcelain making, and compass are associated with the
Byzantine Empire
Ghana and Mali civilizations
Gupta Empire
Tang and Song dynasties
107
An important long-term result of the Crusades in the Middle East was the
increase in tension between Muslims and Christians
creation of a large Christian state on the Red Sea
destruction of Muslim military power
restoration of the Byzantine empire
108
The travels of Marco Polo resulted in the
expansion of trade btwn China and Europe
use of Confucian teaching in Europe
decline of Mongol rule in China
introduction of gunpowder to China
109
In Japan, the samurai code of Bushido helped bring about
an increased interest in science and technology
a culture that accepted militarism
equality among Japanese citizens
peaceful relations with other nations
110
One important effect of the Crusades on Western Europe was they
furthered cultural diffusion throughout W Europe
introduced the Industrial Revolution
led to a decline int he importance of the church
ended the W European quest for an overseas empire
111
Why did Native American populations drastically decrease from 1492 to 1600?
wars btwn various native groups
emigration of Native Americans to Euro and Africa
diseases introduced by the Spanish
crop failures brought on by poor weather
112
According to this map, which modern-day nations were ruled by the Mongols?
Iran and Thailand
Japan and Tibet
Saudi Arabia and Georgia
Russia and Iraq
113
The Crusades, the travels of Marco Polo, and the fall of the Byzantine Empire contributed to
Age of Exploration in Europe
decline in African slave trade
growth of feudalism in Europe
end of absolute monarchy in Russia
114
In the Middle East during the Golden Age of Muslim culture, scholars were encouraged to
ignore the achievements of Chinese culture
accept medieval W European religious ideas
reject all knowledge that was Western in origin
preserve and expand ancient Greek and Roman learning
115
Which economic system existed in Europe during the early Middle Ages?
socialism
free market
manorialism
feudalism
116
Africa's geography is characterized by
a diverse topography
an absence of rain forests
a lack of major river systems
an irregular coastline and excellent harbors
117
Which statement best describes the result of the Crusades?
Europeans developed a tolerance of non-Christian religions
islamic influence dominated Europe
Trade between Europe and the Middle East expanded
Europeans maintained a lasting control over the Middle East
118
Machiavelli and Hobbes both advocated that a ruler should
obtain consent of the governed
obtain power from a social contract
employ absolute power
divide power evenly